A Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals the Prognostic and Immunotherapeutic Value of Stanniocalcin-2 (STC2)

Background: Stanniocalcin-2 (STC2) is a secreted glycoprotein which plays an important role in regulating the homeostasis of calcium, glucose homeostasis, and phosphorus metastasis. Accumulating evidence suggests that STC2 is implicated in cancer mechanisms. However, the effects of STC2 on cancer de...

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Main Authors: Zhong-Hui Jiang, Xianfeng Shen, Yanhong Wei, Yongji Chen, Hongbo Chai, Lingyun Xia, Weidong Leng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-07-01
Series:Frontiers in Genetics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2022.927046/full
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author Zhong-Hui Jiang
Xianfeng Shen
Yanhong Wei
Yongji Chen
Hongbo Chai
Lingyun Xia
Weidong Leng
author_facet Zhong-Hui Jiang
Xianfeng Shen
Yanhong Wei
Yongji Chen
Hongbo Chai
Lingyun Xia
Weidong Leng
author_sort Zhong-Hui Jiang
collection DOAJ
description Background: Stanniocalcin-2 (STC2) is a secreted glycoprotein which plays an important role in regulating the homeostasis of calcium, glucose homeostasis, and phosphorus metastasis. Accumulating evidence suggests that STC2 is implicated in cancer mechanisms. However, the effects of STC2 on cancer development and progression across pan-cancer are not yet completely known.Methods: Data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database to obtain differentially expressed genes significantly associated with prognosis (key genes). A gene was selected for subsequent correlation studies by integrating the significance of prognosis and the time-dependent ROC curve. Gene expression of different tumor types was analyzed based on the UCSC XENA website. Furthermore, our study investigated the correlation of STC2 expression between prognosis, immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint genes (ICGs), mismatch repair genes (MMRs), tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and drug sensitivity in various malignant tumors. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted for correlated genes of STC2 to explore potential mechanisms.Results: A total of 3,429 differentially expressed genes and 397 prognosis-related genes were identified from the TCGA database. Twenty-six key genes were found by crossing the former and the latter, and the highest risk gene, STC2, was selected for subsequent correlation studies. STC2 had good diagnostic performance for HNSCC, and was closely related to the survival status and clinicopathological stage of HNSCC patients. In pan-cancer analysis, STC2 was upregulated in 20 cancers and downregulated in seven cancers. STC2 overexpression was overall negatively correlated with overall survival, disease-free survival, disease-specific survival, and progress-free survival. STC2 was profoundly correlated with the tumor immune microenvironment, including immune cell infiltration, ICGs, MMRs, TMB, and MSI. Moreover, STC2 was significantly negatively correlated with the sensitivity or resistance of multiple drugs.Conclusion: STC2 was a potential prognostic biomarker for pan-cancer and a new immunotherapy target.
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spelling doaj.art-32bc0262efda4d38a2ea95fc2416e2112022-12-22T00:45:42ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Genetics1664-80212022-07-011310.3389/fgene.2022.927046927046A Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals the Prognostic and Immunotherapeutic Value of Stanniocalcin-2 (STC2)Zhong-Hui JiangXianfeng ShenYanhong WeiYongji ChenHongbo ChaiLingyun XiaWeidong LengBackground: Stanniocalcin-2 (STC2) is a secreted glycoprotein which plays an important role in regulating the homeostasis of calcium, glucose homeostasis, and phosphorus metastasis. Accumulating evidence suggests that STC2 is implicated in cancer mechanisms. However, the effects of STC2 on cancer development and progression across pan-cancer are not yet completely known.Methods: Data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database to obtain differentially expressed genes significantly associated with prognosis (key genes). A gene was selected for subsequent correlation studies by integrating the significance of prognosis and the time-dependent ROC curve. Gene expression of different tumor types was analyzed based on the UCSC XENA website. Furthermore, our study investigated the correlation of STC2 expression between prognosis, immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint genes (ICGs), mismatch repair genes (MMRs), tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and drug sensitivity in various malignant tumors. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted for correlated genes of STC2 to explore potential mechanisms.Results: A total of 3,429 differentially expressed genes and 397 prognosis-related genes were identified from the TCGA database. Twenty-six key genes were found by crossing the former and the latter, and the highest risk gene, STC2, was selected for subsequent correlation studies. STC2 had good diagnostic performance for HNSCC, and was closely related to the survival status and clinicopathological stage of HNSCC patients. In pan-cancer analysis, STC2 was upregulated in 20 cancers and downregulated in seven cancers. STC2 overexpression was overall negatively correlated with overall survival, disease-free survival, disease-specific survival, and progress-free survival. STC2 was profoundly correlated with the tumor immune microenvironment, including immune cell infiltration, ICGs, MMRs, TMB, and MSI. Moreover, STC2 was significantly negatively correlated with the sensitivity or resistance of multiple drugs.Conclusion: STC2 was a potential prognostic biomarker for pan-cancer and a new immunotherapy target.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2022.927046/fullstanniocalcin-2head and neck squamous cell carcinomaprognostic biomarkerstarget therapypan-cancer
spellingShingle Zhong-Hui Jiang
Xianfeng Shen
Yanhong Wei
Yongji Chen
Hongbo Chai
Lingyun Xia
Weidong Leng
A Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals the Prognostic and Immunotherapeutic Value of Stanniocalcin-2 (STC2)
Frontiers in Genetics
stanniocalcin-2
head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
prognostic biomarkers
target therapy
pan-cancer
title A Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals the Prognostic and Immunotherapeutic Value of Stanniocalcin-2 (STC2)
title_full A Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals the Prognostic and Immunotherapeutic Value of Stanniocalcin-2 (STC2)
title_fullStr A Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals the Prognostic and Immunotherapeutic Value of Stanniocalcin-2 (STC2)
title_full_unstemmed A Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals the Prognostic and Immunotherapeutic Value of Stanniocalcin-2 (STC2)
title_short A Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals the Prognostic and Immunotherapeutic Value of Stanniocalcin-2 (STC2)
title_sort pan cancer analysis reveals the prognostic and immunotherapeutic value of stanniocalcin 2 stc2
topic stanniocalcin-2
head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
prognostic biomarkers
target therapy
pan-cancer
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2022.927046/full
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