Micro-computed tomographic assessment of the variability and morphological features of root canal system and their ramifications
Abstract Objectives This study assessed the incidence and variability features of root canals system (RCS) and their ramifications according to Pucci & Reig (PR) (1944) and the American Association of Endodontists (AAE) (2017) by micro-computed tomography (μCT). Methodology 500 representativ...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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University of São Paulo
2020-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Applied Oral Science |
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| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-77572020000100421&tlng=en |
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| author | Jardel Francisco MAZZI-CHAVES Yara Terezinha Corrêa SILVA-SOUSA Graziela Bianchi LEONI Alice Corrêa SILVA-SOUSA Lucas ESTRELA Carlos ESTRELA Reinhilde JACOBS Manoel Damião de SOUSA-NETO |
| author_facet | Jardel Francisco MAZZI-CHAVES Yara Terezinha Corrêa SILVA-SOUSA Graziela Bianchi LEONI Alice Corrêa SILVA-SOUSA Lucas ESTRELA Carlos ESTRELA Reinhilde JACOBS Manoel Damião de SOUSA-NETO |
| author_sort | Jardel Francisco MAZZI-CHAVES |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Objectives This study assessed the incidence and variability features of root canals system (RCS) and their ramifications according to Pucci & Reig (PR) (1944) and the American Association of Endodontists (AAE) (2017) by micro-computed tomography (μCT). Methodology 500 representative extracted human teeth of each tooth group (n=50) (maxillary/mandibular central and lateral incisors, canines, first and second premolars and molars) were scanned by μCT with a resolution of 26.70 μm. The reconstructed cross-sections images and the visualization of the continuous slices in the transversal axis were performed using DataViewer software. RCS were classified according to Pucci & Reig (main canal, collateral canal, lateral canal, secondary canal, accessory canal, intercanal, recurrent canal) and AAE (main canal, accessory canal, lateral canal). The apical deltas were assessed for both classifications. The prevalence of apical deltas was evaluated using the Chi-squared test (p<0.05). Results According to PR, a higher incidence of lateral canals was observed in maxillary canines (10%), central incisors (8%) and first premolars (6%). Using AAE, the highest incidence of lateral canals was observed in the mandibular first premolars (85%), first and second molars (84%), lateral incisors (67%), canines (59%), and in maxillary first premolars (52%). Regarding accessory canals, the PR showed a frequency in 2% of the maxillary lateral incisors and maxillary and mandibular first premolars and 3% of mandibular first and second molars. On the other hand, the AAE showed the highest incidence of accessory canals in 86% of the maxillary first premolars, 71% in mandibular lateral incisors, 69% in mandibular first premolars, 65% in mandibular canines, and 56% in maxillary canines. The PR showed the lowest incidence of apical deltas for all dental groups when compared with AAE (p=0.004). Interestingly, distal canals in maxillary molars showed a significant discrepancy between classifications (p=0.027). Conclusions μCT enabled accurately describing the RC system and related ramifications, adding to the PR and AAE classifications, with some discrepancies reported for maxillary molars. Clinical Relevance This μCT study enabled a thorough description of the variability among root canals and their ramifications, including clinically relevant details on the presence and location of lateral canals and accessories in all human tooth groups, beyond the currently existing classification systems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T16:45:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-32d616d441e7431a840bccda7e36f7f6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1678-7765 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T16:45:52Z |
| publishDate | 2020-02-01 |
| publisher | University of São Paulo |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Applied Oral Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-32d616d441e7431a840bccda7e36f7f62022-12-21T19:32:55ZengUniversity of São PauloJournal of Applied Oral Science1678-77652020-02-012810.1590/1678-7757-2019-0393Micro-computed tomographic assessment of the variability and morphological features of root canal system and their ramificationsJardel Francisco MAZZI-CHAVEShttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9889-1790Yara Terezinha Corrêa SILVA-SOUSAhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7671-1656Graziela Bianchi LEONIhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3923-3683Alice Corrêa SILVA-SOUSAhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9931-0935Lucas ESTRELAhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1244-4015Carlos ESTRELAhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1488-0366Reinhilde JACOBShttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3461-0363Manoel Damião de SOUSA-NETOhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7696-7600Abstract Objectives This study assessed the incidence and variability features of root canals system (RCS) and their ramifications according to Pucci & Reig (PR) (1944) and the American Association of Endodontists (AAE) (2017) by micro-computed tomography (μCT). Methodology 500 representative extracted human teeth of each tooth group (n=50) (maxillary/mandibular central and lateral incisors, canines, first and second premolars and molars) were scanned by μCT with a resolution of 26.70 μm. The reconstructed cross-sections images and the visualization of the continuous slices in the transversal axis were performed using DataViewer software. RCS were classified according to Pucci & Reig (main canal, collateral canal, lateral canal, secondary canal, accessory canal, intercanal, recurrent canal) and AAE (main canal, accessory canal, lateral canal). The apical deltas were assessed for both classifications. The prevalence of apical deltas was evaluated using the Chi-squared test (p<0.05). Results According to PR, a higher incidence of lateral canals was observed in maxillary canines (10%), central incisors (8%) and first premolars (6%). Using AAE, the highest incidence of lateral canals was observed in the mandibular first premolars (85%), first and second molars (84%), lateral incisors (67%), canines (59%), and in maxillary first premolars (52%). Regarding accessory canals, the PR showed a frequency in 2% of the maxillary lateral incisors and maxillary and mandibular first premolars and 3% of mandibular first and second molars. On the other hand, the AAE showed the highest incidence of accessory canals in 86% of the maxillary first premolars, 71% in mandibular lateral incisors, 69% in mandibular first premolars, 65% in mandibular canines, and 56% in maxillary canines. The PR showed the lowest incidence of apical deltas for all dental groups when compared with AAE (p=0.004). Interestingly, distal canals in maxillary molars showed a significant discrepancy between classifications (p=0.027). Conclusions μCT enabled accurately describing the RC system and related ramifications, adding to the PR and AAE classifications, with some discrepancies reported for maxillary molars. Clinical Relevance This μCT study enabled a thorough description of the variability among root canals and their ramifications, including clinically relevant details on the presence and location of lateral canals and accessories in all human tooth groups, beyond the currently existing classification systems.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-77572020000100421&tlng=enDental pulp cavityMicrocomputed tomographyAnatomyTooth rootEndodontics |
| spellingShingle | Jardel Francisco MAZZI-CHAVES Yara Terezinha Corrêa SILVA-SOUSA Graziela Bianchi LEONI Alice Corrêa SILVA-SOUSA Lucas ESTRELA Carlos ESTRELA Reinhilde JACOBS Manoel Damião de SOUSA-NETO Micro-computed tomographic assessment of the variability and morphological features of root canal system and their ramifications Journal of Applied Oral Science Dental pulp cavity Microcomputed tomography Anatomy Tooth root Endodontics |
| title | Micro-computed tomographic assessment of the variability and morphological features of root canal system and their ramifications |
| title_full | Micro-computed tomographic assessment of the variability and morphological features of root canal system and their ramifications |
| title_fullStr | Micro-computed tomographic assessment of the variability and morphological features of root canal system and their ramifications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Micro-computed tomographic assessment of the variability and morphological features of root canal system and their ramifications |
| title_short | Micro-computed tomographic assessment of the variability and morphological features of root canal system and their ramifications |
| title_sort | micro computed tomographic assessment of the variability and morphological features of root canal system and their ramifications |
| topic | Dental pulp cavity Microcomputed tomography Anatomy Tooth root Endodontics |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-77572020000100421&tlng=en |
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