Social Determinants of Health Amplify the Association Between Ethnicity and COVID19: A Retrospective-Cohort study
Background: People in racial and ethnic minority groups have been shown to be at increased risk for a variety of diseases, including COVID-19. However, the role that social needs play in this increased risk has not yet been quantified. Investigating these roles can elicit a greater understanding of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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University Library System, University of Pittsburgh
2022-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Medical Students |
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| Online Access: | https://ijms.info/IJMS/article/view/1125 |
| _version_ | 1797765738263478272 |
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| author | Nicholas Verdini Jessica LeClair Elizabeth Quinn Amer El-Haddad |
| author_facet | Nicholas Verdini Jessica LeClair Elizabeth Quinn Amer El-Haddad |
| author_sort | Nicholas Verdini |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Background: People in racial and ethnic minority groups have been shown to be at increased risk for a variety of diseases, including COVID-19. However, the role that social needs play in this increased risk has not yet been quantified. Investigating these roles can elicit a greater understanding of how social needs influence the manner in which this disease is contracted and spread.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 1,969 Lynn Community Health Center patients. Patients that visited the center between February 1st and July 1st, 2020, tested for COVID-19, and screened for social determinants of health (SDOH) risk factors. Demographics were compared between COVID-19 positive and negative patients. Confounding by age on the association between ethnicity and COVID-19 status was evaluated. A stratified analysis was performed to evaluate the effect modification of SDOH on the relationship between race, ethnicity, and COVID-19 status.
Results: Hispanic patients had 2.93 times the odds of a positive COVID-19 test compared to non-Hispanics (95% CI: 2.37 - 3.64, p<0.0001). With at least one SDOH risk factor, Hispanics had 4.71 times the odds of a positive COVID-19 test relative to non-Hispanics (95% CI: 3.10 - 7.14). With no SDOH risk factors, Hispanics had 2.45 times the odds of a positive COVID-19 test relative to non-Hispanics (95% CI: 1.91 - 3.16). No significant associations were found for race.
Conclusion: Ethnicity had a significant impact on COVID-19 status in our population, where the effect of ethnicity on COVID-19 status was amplified for those with SDOH risk factors.
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| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T20:14:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-32d9032a76184f72a7e14e7f8a61a756 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-6327 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T20:14:26Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | University Library System, University of Pittsburgh |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Medical Students |
| spelling | doaj.art-32d9032a76184f72a7e14e7f8a61a7562023-08-02T01:25:00ZengUniversity Library System, University of PittsburghInternational Journal of Medical Students2076-63272022-01-019410.5195/ijms.2021.1125Social Determinants of Health Amplify the Association Between Ethnicity and COVID19: A Retrospective-Cohort studyNicholas Verdini0Jessica LeClair1Elizabeth Quinn2Amer El-Haddad3Tufts University School of MedicineDepartment of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public HealthLynn Community Health CenterLynn Community Health Center Background: People in racial and ethnic minority groups have been shown to be at increased risk for a variety of diseases, including COVID-19. However, the role that social needs play in this increased risk has not yet been quantified. Investigating these roles can elicit a greater understanding of how social needs influence the manner in which this disease is contracted and spread. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 1,969 Lynn Community Health Center patients. Patients that visited the center between February 1st and July 1st, 2020, tested for COVID-19, and screened for social determinants of health (SDOH) risk factors. Demographics were compared between COVID-19 positive and negative patients. Confounding by age on the association between ethnicity and COVID-19 status was evaluated. A stratified analysis was performed to evaluate the effect modification of SDOH on the relationship between race, ethnicity, and COVID-19 status. Results: Hispanic patients had 2.93 times the odds of a positive COVID-19 test compared to non-Hispanics (95% CI: 2.37 - 3.64, p<0.0001). With at least one SDOH risk factor, Hispanics had 4.71 times the odds of a positive COVID-19 test relative to non-Hispanics (95% CI: 3.10 - 7.14). With no SDOH risk factors, Hispanics had 2.45 times the odds of a positive COVID-19 test relative to non-Hispanics (95% CI: 1.91 - 3.16). No significant associations were found for race. Conclusion: Ethnicity had a significant impact on COVID-19 status in our population, where the effect of ethnicity on COVID-19 status was amplified for those with SDOH risk factors. https://ijms.info/IJMS/article/view/1125social determinants of healthhealth care disparitiesethnicity |
| spellingShingle | Nicholas Verdini Jessica LeClair Elizabeth Quinn Amer El-Haddad Social Determinants of Health Amplify the Association Between Ethnicity and COVID19: A Retrospective-Cohort study International Journal of Medical Students social determinants of health health care disparities ethnicity |
| title | Social Determinants of Health Amplify the Association Between Ethnicity and COVID19: A Retrospective-Cohort study |
| title_full | Social Determinants of Health Amplify the Association Between Ethnicity and COVID19: A Retrospective-Cohort study |
| title_fullStr | Social Determinants of Health Amplify the Association Between Ethnicity and COVID19: A Retrospective-Cohort study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Social Determinants of Health Amplify the Association Between Ethnicity and COVID19: A Retrospective-Cohort study |
| title_short | Social Determinants of Health Amplify the Association Between Ethnicity and COVID19: A Retrospective-Cohort study |
| title_sort | social determinants of health amplify the association between ethnicity and covid19 a retrospective cohort study |
| topic | social determinants of health health care disparities ethnicity |
| url | https://ijms.info/IJMS/article/view/1125 |
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