Effects of Stroke Amplitude and Wing Planform on the Aerodynamic Performance of Hovering Flapping Wings
In this paper, the effects of stroke amplitude and wing planform on the aerodynamics of hovering flapping wings are considered by numerically solving the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. The wing planform geometry is represented using a beta-function distribution for an aspect ratio range of...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Aerospace |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/9/9/479 |
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| author | Hao Li Mostafa R. A. Nabawy |
| author_facet | Hao Li Mostafa R. A. Nabawy |
| author_sort | Hao Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this paper, the effects of stroke amplitude and wing planform on the aerodynamics of hovering flapping wings are considered by numerically solving the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. The wing planform geometry is represented using a beta-function distribution for an aspect ratio range of 3–6 and a dimensionless radial centroid location range of 0.4–0.6. Typical normal hovering kinematics has been employed while allowing both translational and rotational durations to be equally represented. The combined effects of stroke amplitude with wing aspect ratio and radial centroid location on the aerodynamic force coefficients and flow structures are studied at a Reynolds number of 100. It is shown that increasing the stroke amplitude increases the translational lift for either small aspect ratio or large radial centroid location wings. However, for high aspect ratio or low radial centroid location wings, increasing the stroke amplitude leads to higher lift coefficients during the translational phase only up to a stroke amplitude of 160°. Further increase in stroke amplitude results in reduced translational lift due to the increased wingtip stall effect. For all the cases considered, the lift and drag coefficients of the rotational phase decrease with the increase of stroke amplitude leading to decreased cycle-averaged force coefficients. Furthermore, it is found that the significant reduction in the rotational drag as the stroke amplitude increases leads to a consistently increasing aerodynamic efficiency against stroke amplitude for all aspect ratio and radial centroid location cases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:03:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-32e5e179d5a44110a2f1c6a71c65a218 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2226-4310 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:03:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
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| series | Aerospace |
| spelling | doaj.art-32e5e179d5a44110a2f1c6a71c65a2182023-11-23T14:30:37ZengMDPI AGAerospace2226-43102022-08-019947910.3390/aerospace9090479Effects of Stroke Amplitude and Wing Planform on the Aerodynamic Performance of Hovering Flapping WingsHao Li0Mostafa R. A. Nabawy1Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKDepartment of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKIn this paper, the effects of stroke amplitude and wing planform on the aerodynamics of hovering flapping wings are considered by numerically solving the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. The wing planform geometry is represented using a beta-function distribution for an aspect ratio range of 3–6 and a dimensionless radial centroid location range of 0.4–0.6. Typical normal hovering kinematics has been employed while allowing both translational and rotational durations to be equally represented. The combined effects of stroke amplitude with wing aspect ratio and radial centroid location on the aerodynamic force coefficients and flow structures are studied at a Reynolds number of 100. It is shown that increasing the stroke amplitude increases the translational lift for either small aspect ratio or large radial centroid location wings. However, for high aspect ratio or low radial centroid location wings, increasing the stroke amplitude leads to higher lift coefficients during the translational phase only up to a stroke amplitude of 160°. Further increase in stroke amplitude results in reduced translational lift due to the increased wingtip stall effect. For all the cases considered, the lift and drag coefficients of the rotational phase decrease with the increase of stroke amplitude leading to decreased cycle-averaged force coefficients. Furthermore, it is found that the significant reduction in the rotational drag as the stroke amplitude increases leads to a consistently increasing aerodynamic efficiency against stroke amplitude for all aspect ratio and radial centroid location cases.https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/9/9/479flapping wingsaerodynamicswing planformstroke amplitudeleading-edge vortex |
| spellingShingle | Hao Li Mostafa R. A. Nabawy Effects of Stroke Amplitude and Wing Planform on the Aerodynamic Performance of Hovering Flapping Wings Aerospace flapping wings aerodynamics wing planform stroke amplitude leading-edge vortex |
| title | Effects of Stroke Amplitude and Wing Planform on the Aerodynamic Performance of Hovering Flapping Wings |
| title_full | Effects of Stroke Amplitude and Wing Planform on the Aerodynamic Performance of Hovering Flapping Wings |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Stroke Amplitude and Wing Planform on the Aerodynamic Performance of Hovering Flapping Wings |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Stroke Amplitude and Wing Planform on the Aerodynamic Performance of Hovering Flapping Wings |
| title_short | Effects of Stroke Amplitude and Wing Planform on the Aerodynamic Performance of Hovering Flapping Wings |
| title_sort | effects of stroke amplitude and wing planform on the aerodynamic performance of hovering flapping wings |
| topic | flapping wings aerodynamics wing planform stroke amplitude leading-edge vortex |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/9/9/479 |
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