Pectin Characteristics Affect Root Growth in Spinach under Salinity
In understanding the role of root cell wall mechanisms in plant tolerance to salinity, it is important to elucidate the changes in the pectin composition and physical properties of the cell wall. Two salt-sensitive (Helan 3 and Prius β) and one salt-tolerant (R7) spinach cultivars were used to inves...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| author | Jia Liu Victoria Otie Asana Matsuura Kashiwagi Junichi Muhammad Irshad Yuanrun Zheng Haruyuki Fujimaki Ping An |
| author_facet | Jia Liu Victoria Otie Asana Matsuura Kashiwagi Junichi Muhammad Irshad Yuanrun Zheng Haruyuki Fujimaki Ping An |
| author_sort | Jia Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In understanding the role of root cell wall mechanisms in plant tolerance to salinity, it is important to elucidate the changes in the pectin composition and physical properties of the cell wall. Two salt-sensitive (Helan 3 and Prius β) and one salt-tolerant (R7) spinach cultivars were used to investigate the pectin polysaccharides, the characteristics of pectin, including the degree of pectin methy-lesterification, the HG:RG-I ratio, neutral side chains (galactan/arabinangalactan), and elasticity and viscosity parameters in the root elongation zone under salinity. Root growth was inhibited by salinity, whereas the root diameter was thickened in all cultivars. Salinity significantly reduced cell wall extensibility in all cultivars, and increased cell wall viscosity in Helan 3 and R7 relative to Prius β. Pectin was significantly increased under salinity stress. Cell wall viscosity was affected by pectin due to the molar proportion of uronic acid and/or pectin characteristics (HG:RG-I ratio). The molar proportion of uronic acid in pectin was reduced in Helan 3 and R7 compared with Prius β. The length and degree of pectin methy-lesterification of neutral side chains were significantly decreased in the R7 cultivar, with no significant changes in the other two cultivars. Demethylation of pectin could alter root growth and boost salt tolerance in the R7 cultivar. In this study, it is shown that cell wall pectin played important roles in regulating the root growth of <i>Spinacia oleracea</i> L. under salinity stress. |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:03:48Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-330fdf1275ab497fada75d69c5be93472023-11-24T09:40:06ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472022-11-011122313010.3390/plants11223130Pectin Characteristics Affect Root Growth in Spinach under SalinityJia Liu0Victoria Otie1Asana Matsuura2Kashiwagi Junichi3Muhammad Irshad4Yuanrun Zheng5Haruyuki Fujimaki6Ping An7Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori 680-0001, JapanDepartment of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Wildlife Resources Management, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar 540271, NigeriaFaculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, 8304, Minamiminowa-Village, Kamiina-County Nagano, Nagano 399-4598, JapanGraduate School of Global Food Resources, Hokkaido University, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0809, JapanDepartment of Environmental Sciences, Abbottabad Campus, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Abbottabad 22060, PakistanKey Laboratory of Resource Plants, West China Subalpine Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, ChinaArid Land Research Center, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori 680-0001, JapanArid Land Research Center, Tottori University, 1390 Hamasaka, Tottori 680-0001, JapanIn understanding the role of root cell wall mechanisms in plant tolerance to salinity, it is important to elucidate the changes in the pectin composition and physical properties of the cell wall. Two salt-sensitive (Helan 3 and Prius β) and one salt-tolerant (R7) spinach cultivars were used to investigate the pectin polysaccharides, the characteristics of pectin, including the degree of pectin methy-lesterification, the HG:RG-I ratio, neutral side chains (galactan/arabinangalactan), and elasticity and viscosity parameters in the root elongation zone under salinity. Root growth was inhibited by salinity, whereas the root diameter was thickened in all cultivars. Salinity significantly reduced cell wall extensibility in all cultivars, and increased cell wall viscosity in Helan 3 and R7 relative to Prius β. Pectin was significantly increased under salinity stress. Cell wall viscosity was affected by pectin due to the molar proportion of uronic acid and/or pectin characteristics (HG:RG-I ratio). The molar proportion of uronic acid in pectin was reduced in Helan 3 and R7 compared with Prius β. The length and degree of pectin methy-lesterification of neutral side chains were significantly decreased in the R7 cultivar, with no significant changes in the other two cultivars. Demethylation of pectin could alter root growth and boost salt tolerance in the R7 cultivar. In this study, it is shown that cell wall pectin played important roles in regulating the root growth of <i>Spinacia oleracea</i> L. under salinity stress.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/22/3130plant cell wallpectinHG:RG-I ratioviscosity<i>Spinacia oleracea</i>salinity stress |
| spellingShingle | Jia Liu Victoria Otie Asana Matsuura Kashiwagi Junichi Muhammad Irshad Yuanrun Zheng Haruyuki Fujimaki Ping An Pectin Characteristics Affect Root Growth in Spinach under Salinity Plants plant cell wall pectin HG:RG-I ratio viscosity <i>Spinacia oleracea</i> salinity stress |
| title | Pectin Characteristics Affect Root Growth in Spinach under Salinity |
| title_full | Pectin Characteristics Affect Root Growth in Spinach under Salinity |
| title_fullStr | Pectin Characteristics Affect Root Growth in Spinach under Salinity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pectin Characteristics Affect Root Growth in Spinach under Salinity |
| title_short | Pectin Characteristics Affect Root Growth in Spinach under Salinity |
| title_sort | pectin characteristics affect root growth in spinach under salinity |
| topic | plant cell wall pectin HG:RG-I ratio viscosity <i>Spinacia oleracea</i> salinity stress |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/22/3130 |
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