Role of omics techniques in the toxicity testing of nanoparticles
Abstract Nanotechnology is regarded as a key technology of the twenty-first century. Despite the many advantages of nanotechnology it is also known that engineered nanoparticles (NPs) may cause adverse health effects in humans. Reports on toxic effects of NPs relay mainly on conventional (phenotypic...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2017-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Nanobiotechnology |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12951-017-0320-3 |
| _version_ | 1817995106934849536 |
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| author | Eleonore Fröhlich |
| author_facet | Eleonore Fröhlich |
| author_sort | Eleonore Fröhlich |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Nanotechnology is regarded as a key technology of the twenty-first century. Despite the many advantages of nanotechnology it is also known that engineered nanoparticles (NPs) may cause adverse health effects in humans. Reports on toxic effects of NPs relay mainly on conventional (phenotypic) testing but studies of changes in epigenome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome induced by NPs have also been performed. NPs most relevant for human exposure in consumer, health and food products are metal, metal oxide and carbon-based NPs. They were also studied quite frequently with omics technologies and an overview of the study results can serve to answer the question if screening for established targets of nanotoxicity (e.g. cell death, proliferation, oxidative stress, and inflammation) is sufficient or if omics techniques are needed to reveal new targets. Regulated pathways identified by omics techniques were confirmed by phenotypic assays performed in the same study and comparison of particle types and cells by the same group indicated a more cell/organ-specific than particle specific regulation pattern. Between different studies moderate overlap of the regulated pathways was observed and cell-specific regulation is less obvious. The lack of standardization in particle exposure, in omics technologies, difficulties to translate mechanistic data to phenotypes and comparison with human in vivo data currently limit the use of these technologies in the prediction of toxic effects by NPs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T02:01:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3340406d1e6445c18fb8993cb4d0a4bf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1477-3155 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T02:01:11Z |
| publishDate | 2017-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Nanobiotechnology |
| spelling | doaj.art-3340406d1e6445c18fb8993cb4d0a4bf2022-12-22T02:18:49ZengBMCJournal of Nanobiotechnology1477-31552017-11-0115112210.1186/s12951-017-0320-3Role of omics techniques in the toxicity testing of nanoparticlesEleonore Fröhlich0Center for Medical Research, Medical University of GrazAbstract Nanotechnology is regarded as a key technology of the twenty-first century. Despite the many advantages of nanotechnology it is also known that engineered nanoparticles (NPs) may cause adverse health effects in humans. Reports on toxic effects of NPs relay mainly on conventional (phenotypic) testing but studies of changes in epigenome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome induced by NPs have also been performed. NPs most relevant for human exposure in consumer, health and food products are metal, metal oxide and carbon-based NPs. They were also studied quite frequently with omics technologies and an overview of the study results can serve to answer the question if screening for established targets of nanotoxicity (e.g. cell death, proliferation, oxidative stress, and inflammation) is sufficient or if omics techniques are needed to reveal new targets. Regulated pathways identified by omics techniques were confirmed by phenotypic assays performed in the same study and comparison of particle types and cells by the same group indicated a more cell/organ-specific than particle specific regulation pattern. Between different studies moderate overlap of the regulated pathways was observed and cell-specific regulation is less obvious. The lack of standardization in particle exposure, in omics technologies, difficulties to translate mechanistic data to phenotypes and comparison with human in vivo data currently limit the use of these technologies in the prediction of toxic effects by NPs.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12951-017-0320-3CytotoxicityNanoparticlesOmics technologiesTranscriptomicsProteomics |
| spellingShingle | Eleonore Fröhlich Role of omics techniques in the toxicity testing of nanoparticles Journal of Nanobiotechnology Cytotoxicity Nanoparticles Omics technologies Transcriptomics Proteomics |
| title | Role of omics techniques in the toxicity testing of nanoparticles |
| title_full | Role of omics techniques in the toxicity testing of nanoparticles |
| title_fullStr | Role of omics techniques in the toxicity testing of nanoparticles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of omics techniques in the toxicity testing of nanoparticles |
| title_short | Role of omics techniques in the toxicity testing of nanoparticles |
| title_sort | role of omics techniques in the toxicity testing of nanoparticles |
| topic | Cytotoxicity Nanoparticles Omics technologies Transcriptomics Proteomics |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12951-017-0320-3 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT eleonorefrohlich roleofomicstechniquesinthetoxicitytestingofnanoparticles |