Effect of Transgenic Cotton Expressing Bt Cry1Ac or Cry1Ab/Ac Toxins on Lacewing Larvae Mediated by Herbivorous Insect Pests
A simple food chain (plant, insect pests, and predatory arthropods) in an agro-ecosystem was set up here as a model system to elucidate the potential effect of transgenic <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> (Bt) cotton on non-target organisms. The system included transgenic/non-transgenic cott...
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/20/2755 |
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| author | Zheng-Jun Guan Qiu-Ju Zhou Hong Shi Zhi-Xi Tang Biao Liu Wei Wei |
| author_facet | Zheng-Jun Guan Qiu-Ju Zhou Hong Shi Zhi-Xi Tang Biao Liu Wei Wei |
| author_sort | Zheng-Jun Guan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A simple food chain (plant, insect pests, and predatory arthropods) in an agro-ecosystem was set up here as a model system to elucidate the potential effect of transgenic <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> (Bt) cotton on non-target organisms. The system included transgenic/non-transgenic cotton, neonate larvae of three herbivorous insects (<i>Spodoptera exigua</i>, <i>Helicoverpa armigera</i>, and <i>S</i><i>. litura</i>), and predatory lacewing larvae (<i>Chrysopa</i> spp.), which represent the first, second, and third trophic levels, respectively. The results showed that transgenic treatments and different densities of prey had significant effects on both body-weight gain of neonate herbivorous larvae and the number of prey captured by lacewing larvae, respectively. It was found that Bt toxin could persist at the third trophic level in lacewing larvae. The diet mixture bioassay showed that body-weight gain of lacewing larvae was significantly affected by various treatments, especially at lower concentrations of plant-expressed Bt toxin in the diet mixture, which caused significant decreases in body-weight gain. In contrast, synthetic Bt toxin at higher concentrations in the diet did not show this effect. Thus, we inferred that Bt toxin indirectly affected the growth of the lacewings and the lacewings may not be susceptible to Bt toxin or are able to metabolize it. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:33:25Z |
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| id | doaj.art-3344d3942d6642949184bf4bd63bdc87 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:33:25Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-3344d3942d6642949184bf4bd63bdc872023-11-24T02:04:51ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472022-10-011120275510.3390/plants11202755Effect of Transgenic Cotton Expressing Bt Cry1Ac or Cry1Ab/Ac Toxins on Lacewing Larvae Mediated by Herbivorous Insect PestsZheng-Jun Guan0Qiu-Ju Zhou1Hong Shi2Zhi-Xi Tang3Biao Liu4Wei Wei5State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Climate Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, ChinaInstitutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Climate Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Climate Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, ChinaNanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of P. R. China, Nanjing 210042, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Climate Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, ChinaA simple food chain (plant, insect pests, and predatory arthropods) in an agro-ecosystem was set up here as a model system to elucidate the potential effect of transgenic <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> (Bt) cotton on non-target organisms. The system included transgenic/non-transgenic cotton, neonate larvae of three herbivorous insects (<i>Spodoptera exigua</i>, <i>Helicoverpa armigera</i>, and <i>S</i><i>. litura</i>), and predatory lacewing larvae (<i>Chrysopa</i> spp.), which represent the first, second, and third trophic levels, respectively. The results showed that transgenic treatments and different densities of prey had significant effects on both body-weight gain of neonate herbivorous larvae and the number of prey captured by lacewing larvae, respectively. It was found that Bt toxin could persist at the third trophic level in lacewing larvae. The diet mixture bioassay showed that body-weight gain of lacewing larvae was significantly affected by various treatments, especially at lower concentrations of plant-expressed Bt toxin in the diet mixture, which caused significant decreases in body-weight gain. In contrast, synthetic Bt toxin at higher concentrations in the diet did not show this effect. Thus, we inferred that Bt toxin indirectly affected the growth of the lacewings and the lacewings may not be susceptible to Bt toxin or are able to metabolize it.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/20/2755beet armywormcotton bollworminsect predatormetabolismnon-target effecttrophic level |
| spellingShingle | Zheng-Jun Guan Qiu-Ju Zhou Hong Shi Zhi-Xi Tang Biao Liu Wei Wei Effect of Transgenic Cotton Expressing Bt Cry1Ac or Cry1Ab/Ac Toxins on Lacewing Larvae Mediated by Herbivorous Insect Pests Plants beet armyworm cotton bollworm insect predator metabolism non-target effect trophic level |
| title | Effect of Transgenic Cotton Expressing Bt Cry1Ac or Cry1Ab/Ac Toxins on Lacewing Larvae Mediated by Herbivorous Insect Pests |
| title_full | Effect of Transgenic Cotton Expressing Bt Cry1Ac or Cry1Ab/Ac Toxins on Lacewing Larvae Mediated by Herbivorous Insect Pests |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Transgenic Cotton Expressing Bt Cry1Ac or Cry1Ab/Ac Toxins on Lacewing Larvae Mediated by Herbivorous Insect Pests |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Transgenic Cotton Expressing Bt Cry1Ac or Cry1Ab/Ac Toxins on Lacewing Larvae Mediated by Herbivorous Insect Pests |
| title_short | Effect of Transgenic Cotton Expressing Bt Cry1Ac or Cry1Ab/Ac Toxins on Lacewing Larvae Mediated by Herbivorous Insect Pests |
| title_sort | effect of transgenic cotton expressing bt cry1ac or cry1ab ac toxins on lacewing larvae mediated by herbivorous insect pests |
| topic | beet armyworm cotton bollworm insect predator metabolism non-target effect trophic level |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/20/2755 |
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