Phenotypic and Safety Assessment of the Cheese Strain <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> LL441, and Sequence Analysis of its Complete Genome and Plasmidome
This work describes the phenotypic typing and complete genome analysis of LL441, a dairy <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> strain. LL441 utilized a large range of carbohydrates and showed strong activity of some carbohydrate-degrading enzymes. The strain grew slowly in milk and produc...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/1/605 |
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| author | Ana Belén Flórez Lucía Vázquez Javier Rodríguez Baltasar Mayo |
| author_facet | Ana Belén Flórez Lucía Vázquez Javier Rodríguez Baltasar Mayo |
| author_sort | Ana Belén Flórez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This work describes the phenotypic typing and complete genome analysis of LL441, a dairy <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> strain. LL441 utilized a large range of carbohydrates and showed strong activity of some carbohydrate-degrading enzymes. The strain grew slowly in milk and produced acids and ketones along with other volatile compounds. The genome of LL441 included eight circular molecules, the bacterial chromosome, and seven plasmids (pLL441-1 through pLL441-7), ranging in size from 8.7 to 53.3 kbp. Genome analysis revealed vast arrays of genes involved in carbohydrate utilization and flavor formation in milk, as well as genes providing acid and bile resistance. No genes coding for virulence traits or pathogenicity factors were detected. Chromosome and plasmids were packed with insertion sequence (IS) elements. Plasmids were also abundant in genes encoding heavy metal resistance traits and plasmid maintenance functions. Technologically relevant phenotypes linked to plasmids, such as the production of plantaricin C (pLL441-1), lactose utilization (pLL441-2), and bacteriophage resistance (pLL441-4), were also identified. The absence of acquired antibiotic resistance and of phenotypes and genes of concern suggests <i>L. plantarum</i> LL441 be safe. The strain might therefore have a use as a starter or starter component in dairy and other food fermentations or as a probiotic. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:58:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-33628f699b1048db8a3ac6c6382c59f5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:58:41Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-33628f699b1048db8a3ac6c6382c59f52023-11-16T15:35:49ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-12-0124160510.3390/ijms24010605Phenotypic and Safety Assessment of the Cheese Strain <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> LL441, and Sequence Analysis of its Complete Genome and PlasmidomeAna Belén Flórez0Lucía Vázquez1Javier Rodríguez2Baltasar Mayo3Departamento de Microbiología y Bioquímica, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, 33300-Villaviciosa, Asturias, SpainDepartamento de Microbiología y Bioquímica, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, 33300-Villaviciosa, Asturias, SpainDepartamento de Microbiología y Bioquímica, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, 33300-Villaviciosa, Asturias, SpainDepartamento de Microbiología y Bioquímica, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Paseo Río Linares s/n, 33300-Villaviciosa, Asturias, SpainThis work describes the phenotypic typing and complete genome analysis of LL441, a dairy <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> strain. LL441 utilized a large range of carbohydrates and showed strong activity of some carbohydrate-degrading enzymes. The strain grew slowly in milk and produced acids and ketones along with other volatile compounds. The genome of LL441 included eight circular molecules, the bacterial chromosome, and seven plasmids (pLL441-1 through pLL441-7), ranging in size from 8.7 to 53.3 kbp. Genome analysis revealed vast arrays of genes involved in carbohydrate utilization and flavor formation in milk, as well as genes providing acid and bile resistance. No genes coding for virulence traits or pathogenicity factors were detected. Chromosome and plasmids were packed with insertion sequence (IS) elements. Plasmids were also abundant in genes encoding heavy metal resistance traits and plasmid maintenance functions. Technologically relevant phenotypes linked to plasmids, such as the production of plantaricin C (pLL441-1), lactose utilization (pLL441-2), and bacteriophage resistance (pLL441-4), were also identified. The absence of acquired antibiotic resistance and of phenotypes and genes of concern suggests <i>L. plantarum</i> LL441 be safe. The strain might therefore have a use as a starter or starter component in dairy and other food fermentations or as a probiotic.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/1/605<i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i>lactic acid bacterianon-starter lactic acid bacteriaadjunct culturesdairy microbiology |
| spellingShingle | Ana Belén Flórez Lucía Vázquez Javier Rodríguez Baltasar Mayo Phenotypic and Safety Assessment of the Cheese Strain <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> LL441, and Sequence Analysis of its Complete Genome and Plasmidome International Journal of Molecular Sciences <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> lactic acid bacteria non-starter lactic acid bacteria adjunct cultures dairy microbiology |
| title | Phenotypic and Safety Assessment of the Cheese Strain <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> LL441, and Sequence Analysis of its Complete Genome and Plasmidome |
| title_full | Phenotypic and Safety Assessment of the Cheese Strain <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> LL441, and Sequence Analysis of its Complete Genome and Plasmidome |
| title_fullStr | Phenotypic and Safety Assessment of the Cheese Strain <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> LL441, and Sequence Analysis of its Complete Genome and Plasmidome |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phenotypic and Safety Assessment of the Cheese Strain <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> LL441, and Sequence Analysis of its Complete Genome and Plasmidome |
| title_short | Phenotypic and Safety Assessment of the Cheese Strain <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> LL441, and Sequence Analysis of its Complete Genome and Plasmidome |
| title_sort | phenotypic and safety assessment of the cheese strain i lactiplantibacillus plantarum i ll441 and sequence analysis of its complete genome and plasmidome |
| topic | <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> lactic acid bacteria non-starter lactic acid bacteria adjunct cultures dairy microbiology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/1/605 |
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