Comparisons of lifetime exposures between differently polluted areas and years of life lost due to all-cause mortality attributable to air pollution
Abstract Background Lifetime (or long-term) exposure to air pollution has been linked to an increased risk of premature death. This association might persist even at low air pollutant concentrations level. The objective was to describe and compare lifetime exposures to PM10, PM2.5, NO2, benzene, and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Environmental Sciences Europe |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-023-00778-5 |
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| author | Ondřej Machaczka Vítězslav Jiřík Tereza Janulková Jiří Michalík Grzegorz Siemiatkowski Leszek Osrodka Ewa Krajny Jan Topinka |
| author_facet | Ondřej Machaczka Vítězslav Jiřík Tereza Janulková Jiří Michalík Grzegorz Siemiatkowski Leszek Osrodka Ewa Krajny Jan Topinka |
| author_sort | Ondřej Machaczka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Lifetime (or long-term) exposure to air pollution has been linked to an increased risk of premature death. This association might persist even at low air pollutant concentrations level. The objective was to describe and compare lifetime exposures to PM10, PM2.5, NO2, benzene, and benzo(a)pyrene in two differently polluted localities and quantify years of life lost due to all-cause mortality attributable to PM10, PM2.5, NO2. Methods The study population was selected from two differently polluted localities of the Czech Republic from the period 2000–2017. For determination of lifetime exposures specially developed methodology for historical air pollutants time series concentrations estimation was used. Estimated lifetime exposures, new WHO air quality guideline levels and relative risks were used to quantify years of life lost due to all-cause mortality attributable to air pollutants. Results Significant differences in lifetime exposures of air pollutants between study areas were found. Average lifetime exposure to PM10, PM2.5, NO2, benzene and B(a)P was 45.6 μg/m3, 34.9 μg/m3, 18.1 μg/m3, 2.1 μg/m3and 2.6 ng/m3, respectively, in high-polluted area, against 24.9 μg/m3, 19.4 μg/m3, 13.3 μg/m3, 0.8 μg/m3, 0.4 ng/m3 in low-polluted area. All-cause mortality and years of life lost due to all-cause mortality (non-external) were higher in high-polluted area. The highest contribution was found for PM2.5, when the population attributable fraction was at the 23% level for the high polluted area and at the 14% level for the low polluted area. The highest losses of 35,776 years per 100,000 men or 131 days per 1 man were achieved in the high polluted area and in a case of PM2.5 exposure, namely for men in the age category of 80–84 years. Additionally, the results were expressed per number of deaths. The average value for the number of deaths attributable to PM2.5 exposure was 4.75 years per1 death man, or 3.51 years per 1 death woman in a high-polluted area. Conclusions Expression of years of life lost due to all-cause mortality attributable to air pollution per number of deaths can be more appropriate for communication about health risks or in the field of public health protection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:24:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-336843955adb4f08839b05d3f23a2adb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2190-4715 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:24:10Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
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| spelling | doaj.art-336843955adb4f08839b05d3f23a2adb2023-11-26T12:36:29ZengSpringerOpenEnvironmental Sciences Europe2190-47152023-08-0135111710.1186/s12302-023-00778-5Comparisons of lifetime exposures between differently polluted areas and years of life lost due to all-cause mortality attributable to air pollutionOndřej Machaczka0Vítězslav Jiřík1Tereza Janulková2Jiří Michalík3Grzegorz Siemiatkowski4Leszek Osrodka5Ewa Krajny6Jan Topinka7Centre for Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of OstravaCentre for Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of OstravaCentre for Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of OstravaInstitute of Public Health in OstravaWtt Innowacje Sp. z o.o. sp. k.Institute of Meteorology and Water Management National Research InstituteInstitute of Meteorology and Water Management National Research InstituteCentre for Epidemiological Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of OstravaAbstract Background Lifetime (or long-term) exposure to air pollution has been linked to an increased risk of premature death. This association might persist even at low air pollutant concentrations level. The objective was to describe and compare lifetime exposures to PM10, PM2.5, NO2, benzene, and benzo(a)pyrene in two differently polluted localities and quantify years of life lost due to all-cause mortality attributable to PM10, PM2.5, NO2. Methods The study population was selected from two differently polluted localities of the Czech Republic from the period 2000–2017. For determination of lifetime exposures specially developed methodology for historical air pollutants time series concentrations estimation was used. Estimated lifetime exposures, new WHO air quality guideline levels and relative risks were used to quantify years of life lost due to all-cause mortality attributable to air pollutants. Results Significant differences in lifetime exposures of air pollutants between study areas were found. Average lifetime exposure to PM10, PM2.5, NO2, benzene and B(a)P was 45.6 μg/m3, 34.9 μg/m3, 18.1 μg/m3, 2.1 μg/m3and 2.6 ng/m3, respectively, in high-polluted area, against 24.9 μg/m3, 19.4 μg/m3, 13.3 μg/m3, 0.8 μg/m3, 0.4 ng/m3 in low-polluted area. All-cause mortality and years of life lost due to all-cause mortality (non-external) were higher in high-polluted area. The highest contribution was found for PM2.5, when the population attributable fraction was at the 23% level for the high polluted area and at the 14% level for the low polluted area. The highest losses of 35,776 years per 100,000 men or 131 days per 1 man were achieved in the high polluted area and in a case of PM2.5 exposure, namely for men in the age category of 80–84 years. Additionally, the results were expressed per number of deaths. The average value for the number of deaths attributable to PM2.5 exposure was 4.75 years per1 death man, or 3.51 years per 1 death woman in a high-polluted area. Conclusions Expression of years of life lost due to all-cause mortality attributable to air pollution per number of deaths can be more appropriate for communication about health risks or in the field of public health protection.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-023-00778-5Lifetime exposureAll-cause mortalityPremature deaths attributable to air pollutant |
| spellingShingle | Ondřej Machaczka Vítězslav Jiřík Tereza Janulková Jiří Michalík Grzegorz Siemiatkowski Leszek Osrodka Ewa Krajny Jan Topinka Comparisons of lifetime exposures between differently polluted areas and years of life lost due to all-cause mortality attributable to air pollution Environmental Sciences Europe Lifetime exposure All-cause mortality Premature deaths attributable to air pollutant |
| title | Comparisons of lifetime exposures between differently polluted areas and years of life lost due to all-cause mortality attributable to air pollution |
| title_full | Comparisons of lifetime exposures between differently polluted areas and years of life lost due to all-cause mortality attributable to air pollution |
| title_fullStr | Comparisons of lifetime exposures between differently polluted areas and years of life lost due to all-cause mortality attributable to air pollution |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparisons of lifetime exposures between differently polluted areas and years of life lost due to all-cause mortality attributable to air pollution |
| title_short | Comparisons of lifetime exposures between differently polluted areas and years of life lost due to all-cause mortality attributable to air pollution |
| title_sort | comparisons of lifetime exposures between differently polluted areas and years of life lost due to all cause mortality attributable to air pollution |
| topic | Lifetime exposure All-cause mortality Premature deaths attributable to air pollutant |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-023-00778-5 |
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