Implications of the Electric Vehicle Manufacturers’ Decision to Mass Adopt Lithium-Iron Phosphate Batteries
Lithium-ion batteries are the ubiquitous energy storage device of choice in portable electronics and more recently, in electric vehicles. However, there are numerous lithium-ion battery chemistries and in particular, several cathode materials that have been commercialized over the last two decades,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2022-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9795037/ |
| _version_ | 1811334684170256384 |
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| author | Harsha Walvekar Hector Beltran Shashank Sripad Michael Pecht |
| author_facet | Harsha Walvekar Hector Beltran Shashank Sripad Michael Pecht |
| author_sort | Harsha Walvekar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lithium-ion batteries are the ubiquitous energy storage device of choice in portable electronics and more recently, in electric vehicles. However, there are numerous lithium-ion battery chemistries and in particular, several cathode materials that have been commercialized over the last two decades, each with their own unique features and characteristics. In 2021, Tesla Inc. announced that it would change the cell chemistry used in its mass-market electric vehicles (EVs) from Lithium-Nickel-Cobalt-Aluminum-Oxide (NCA) to cells with Lithium-Iron-Phosphate (LFP) cathodes. Several other automakers have followed this trend by announcing their own plans to move their EV production to LFP. One of the reasons stated for this transition was to address issues with the nickel and cobalt supply chains. In this paper, we examine the trend of adopting LFP for mass-market electric vehicles, explore alternative reasons behind this transition, and analyze the effects this change will have on consumers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T17:12:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-337811594cd349059cea82da4e33f196 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T17:12:41Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj.art-337811594cd349059cea82da4e33f1962022-12-22T02:38:14ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362022-01-0110638346384310.1109/ACCESS.2022.31827269795037Implications of the Electric Vehicle Manufacturers’ Decision to Mass Adopt Lithium-Iron Phosphate BatteriesHarsha Walvekar0Hector Beltran1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7223-0214Shashank Sripad2Michael Pecht3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1126-8662Center for Advanced Life Cycle Engineering (CALCE), University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USADepartment of Industrial Engineering Systems and Design, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, SpainDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USACenter for Advanced Life Cycle Engineering (CALCE), University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USALithium-ion batteries are the ubiquitous energy storage device of choice in portable electronics and more recently, in electric vehicles. However, there are numerous lithium-ion battery chemistries and in particular, several cathode materials that have been commercialized over the last two decades, each with their own unique features and characteristics. In 2021, Tesla Inc. announced that it would change the cell chemistry used in its mass-market electric vehicles (EVs) from Lithium-Nickel-Cobalt-Aluminum-Oxide (NCA) to cells with Lithium-Iron-Phosphate (LFP) cathodes. Several other automakers have followed this trend by announcing their own plans to move their EV production to LFP. One of the reasons stated for this transition was to address issues with the nickel and cobalt supply chains. In this paper, we examine the trend of adopting LFP for mass-market electric vehicles, explore alternative reasons behind this transition, and analyze the effects this change will have on consumers.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9795037/Electric vehicleslithium-ion batteriesbattery performancemarket trends |
| spellingShingle | Harsha Walvekar Hector Beltran Shashank Sripad Michael Pecht Implications of the Electric Vehicle Manufacturers’ Decision to Mass Adopt Lithium-Iron Phosphate Batteries IEEE Access Electric vehicles lithium-ion batteries battery performance market trends |
| title | Implications of the Electric Vehicle Manufacturers’ Decision to Mass Adopt Lithium-Iron Phosphate Batteries |
| title_full | Implications of the Electric Vehicle Manufacturers’ Decision to Mass Adopt Lithium-Iron Phosphate Batteries |
| title_fullStr | Implications of the Electric Vehicle Manufacturers’ Decision to Mass Adopt Lithium-Iron Phosphate Batteries |
| title_full_unstemmed | Implications of the Electric Vehicle Manufacturers’ Decision to Mass Adopt Lithium-Iron Phosphate Batteries |
| title_short | Implications of the Electric Vehicle Manufacturers’ Decision to Mass Adopt Lithium-Iron Phosphate Batteries |
| title_sort | implications of the electric vehicle manufacturers x2019 decision to mass adopt lithium iron phosphate batteries |
| topic | Electric vehicles lithium-ion batteries battery performance market trends |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9795037/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT harshawalvekar implicationsoftheelectricvehiclemanufacturersx2019decisiontomassadoptlithiumironphosphatebatteries AT hectorbeltran implicationsoftheelectricvehiclemanufacturersx2019decisiontomassadoptlithiumironphosphatebatteries AT shashanksripad implicationsoftheelectricvehiclemanufacturersx2019decisiontomassadoptlithiumironphosphatebatteries AT michaelpecht implicationsoftheelectricvehiclemanufacturersx2019decisiontomassadoptlithiumironphosphatebatteries |