Shape Memory-Based Smart Extra Ocular Muscles for Ophthalmological Studies
Vision relies on precise eye movements controlled by six extraocular muscles (EOMs). Training kits and functional eye models are crucial for ophthalmological studies. The study investigates the potential of shape memory material (SMM) in ophthalmology, focusing on eye model mechanics and four therma...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Engineering Proceedings |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4591/45/1/54 |
| _version_ | 1797381175499554816 |
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| author | Zainab Ali Jahan Zeb Gul |
| author_facet | Zainab Ali Jahan Zeb Gul |
| author_sort | Zainab Ali |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vision relies on precise eye movements controlled by six extraocular muscles (EOMs). Training kits and functional eye models are crucial for ophthalmological studies. The study investigates the potential of shape memory material (SMM) in ophthalmology, focusing on eye model mechanics and four thermally actuated smart EOMs. SMM was chosen over other actuators because of its high-power density (36 W/kg), high actuation forces (100 gf), and high displacements (200%). Finite element method (FEM) simulation on a 3D eye model was performed to analyze the thermo-mechanical properties of smart muscle, revealing the shape memory effect and super elasticity which result in the four eye movements of elevation, depression, adduction, and abduction. FEM simulation, compared to the eye model prototype, yielded a 16 mm deformation in smart muscle with a thermal actuation of 313 K (40 °C). FEM analysis, while combining smart muscle with the eye model, resulted in a 6.8517 mm deformation in the simulation. Prototype deformation was acquired as 7.262 mm. The successful actuation of the eye using thermally actuated smart muscles proves its potential for ophthalmology kits. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:47:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-33810553adc04269816389e2c8017b56 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-4591 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:47:35Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Engineering Proceedings |
| spelling | doaj.art-33810553adc04269816389e2c8017b562023-12-22T14:06:39ZengMDPI AGEngineering Proceedings2673-45912023-09-014515410.3390/engproc2023045054Shape Memory-Based Smart Extra Ocular Muscles for Ophthalmological StudiesZainab Ali0Jahan Zeb Gul1Department of Mechatronics and Biomedical Engineering, Air University Main Campus PAF Complex, E-9, Islamabad 44230, PakistanDepartment of Mechatronics and Biomedical Engineering, Air University Main Campus PAF Complex, E-9, Islamabad 44230, PakistanVision relies on precise eye movements controlled by six extraocular muscles (EOMs). Training kits and functional eye models are crucial for ophthalmological studies. The study investigates the potential of shape memory material (SMM) in ophthalmology, focusing on eye model mechanics and four thermally actuated smart EOMs. SMM was chosen over other actuators because of its high-power density (36 W/kg), high actuation forces (100 gf), and high displacements (200%). Finite element method (FEM) simulation on a 3D eye model was performed to analyze the thermo-mechanical properties of smart muscle, revealing the shape memory effect and super elasticity which result in the four eye movements of elevation, depression, adduction, and abduction. FEM simulation, compared to the eye model prototype, yielded a 16 mm deformation in smart muscle with a thermal actuation of 313 K (40 °C). FEM analysis, while combining smart muscle with the eye model, resulted in a 6.8517 mm deformation in the simulation. Prototype deformation was acquired as 7.262 mm. The successful actuation of the eye using thermally actuated smart muscles proves its potential for ophthalmology kits.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4591/45/1/54extraocular musclesophthalmological modelsshape memory materialthermally actuated smart musclesfinite element methodextraocular movements |
| spellingShingle | Zainab Ali Jahan Zeb Gul Shape Memory-Based Smart Extra Ocular Muscles for Ophthalmological Studies Engineering Proceedings extraocular muscles ophthalmological models shape memory material thermally actuated smart muscles finite element method extraocular movements |
| title | Shape Memory-Based Smart Extra Ocular Muscles for Ophthalmological Studies |
| title_full | Shape Memory-Based Smart Extra Ocular Muscles for Ophthalmological Studies |
| title_fullStr | Shape Memory-Based Smart Extra Ocular Muscles for Ophthalmological Studies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Shape Memory-Based Smart Extra Ocular Muscles for Ophthalmological Studies |
| title_short | Shape Memory-Based Smart Extra Ocular Muscles for Ophthalmological Studies |
| title_sort | shape memory based smart extra ocular muscles for ophthalmological studies |
| topic | extraocular muscles ophthalmological models shape memory material thermally actuated smart muscles finite element method extraocular movements |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4591/45/1/54 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zainabali shapememorybasedsmartextraocularmusclesforophthalmologicalstudies AT jahanzebgul shapememorybasedsmartextraocularmusclesforophthalmologicalstudies |