Physiological and Metabolic Responses of <i>Leymus chinensis</i> Seedlings to Alkali Stress
To elucidate the physiological and metabolic mechanism of perennial grass responses to alkali stress, we selected <i>Leymus chinensis</i> (<i>L. chinensis</i>), a salt-tolerant perennial rhizomatous species of the family Poaceae as experimental material. We conducted a pot ex...
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/11/1494 |
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| author | Ge Yan Yujie Shi Fangfang Chen Chunsheng Mu Junfeng Wang |
| author_facet | Ge Yan Yujie Shi Fangfang Chen Chunsheng Mu Junfeng Wang |
| author_sort | Ge Yan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To elucidate the physiological and metabolic mechanism of perennial grass responses to alkali stress, we selected <i>Leymus chinensis</i> (<i>L. chinensis</i>), a salt-tolerant perennial rhizomatous species of the family Poaceae as experimental material. We conducted a pot experiment in a greenhouse and measured the biomass, physiological characteristics, metabonomic, and corresponding metabolites. Our results showed that alkali stress significantly inhibited seedling growth and photosynthesis, which caused ion imbalance and carbon deficiency, but the alkali stress significantly increased the nitrogen and ATP contents. The metabolic analysis indicated that alkali stress markedly enhanced the contents of nucleotides, amino acids, and organic acids, but it decreased soluble sugar contents. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that the glutamine synthetase/glutamate synthase (<i>GS/GOGAT</i>) cycle, which was related to nitrogen metabolism, was most significantly affected by alkali stress. The contents of glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate synthetase (GOGAT) involved in this pathway were also significantly increased. Our results not only verified the important roles of some amino acids and organic acids in resisting alkali stress, but also further proved that nucleotides and the <i>GS/GOGAT</i> cycle related to nitrogen metabolism played critical roles for seedlings in response to alkali stress. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:58:27Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-3387413cf1fd4153a80463c0d64fbaad2023-11-23T14:39:34ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472022-06-011111149410.3390/plants11111494Physiological and Metabolic Responses of <i>Leymus chinensis</i> Seedlings to Alkali StressGe Yan0Yujie Shi1Fangfang Chen2Chunsheng Mu3Junfeng Wang4Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, ChinaKey Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, ChinaKey Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, ChinaKey Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, ChinaKey Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Grassland Science, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, ChinaTo elucidate the physiological and metabolic mechanism of perennial grass responses to alkali stress, we selected <i>Leymus chinensis</i> (<i>L. chinensis</i>), a salt-tolerant perennial rhizomatous species of the family Poaceae as experimental material. We conducted a pot experiment in a greenhouse and measured the biomass, physiological characteristics, metabonomic, and corresponding metabolites. Our results showed that alkali stress significantly inhibited seedling growth and photosynthesis, which caused ion imbalance and carbon deficiency, but the alkali stress significantly increased the nitrogen and ATP contents. The metabolic analysis indicated that alkali stress markedly enhanced the contents of nucleotides, amino acids, and organic acids, but it decreased soluble sugar contents. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that the glutamine synthetase/glutamate synthase (<i>GS/GOGAT</i>) cycle, which was related to nitrogen metabolism, was most significantly affected by alkali stress. The contents of glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate synthetase (GOGAT) involved in this pathway were also significantly increased. Our results not only verified the important roles of some amino acids and organic acids in resisting alkali stress, but also further proved that nucleotides and the <i>GS/GOGAT</i> cycle related to nitrogen metabolism played critical roles for seedlings in response to alkali stress.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/11/1494nucleotidesglutamine synthetase/glutamate synthase cycleATPamino acidsorganic acids |
| spellingShingle | Ge Yan Yujie Shi Fangfang Chen Chunsheng Mu Junfeng Wang Physiological and Metabolic Responses of <i>Leymus chinensis</i> Seedlings to Alkali Stress Plants nucleotides glutamine synthetase/glutamate synthase cycle ATP amino acids organic acids |
| title | Physiological and Metabolic Responses of <i>Leymus chinensis</i> Seedlings to Alkali Stress |
| title_full | Physiological and Metabolic Responses of <i>Leymus chinensis</i> Seedlings to Alkali Stress |
| title_fullStr | Physiological and Metabolic Responses of <i>Leymus chinensis</i> Seedlings to Alkali Stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Physiological and Metabolic Responses of <i>Leymus chinensis</i> Seedlings to Alkali Stress |
| title_short | Physiological and Metabolic Responses of <i>Leymus chinensis</i> Seedlings to Alkali Stress |
| title_sort | physiological and metabolic responses of i leymus chinensis i seedlings to alkali stress |
| topic | nucleotides glutamine synthetase/glutamate synthase cycle ATP amino acids organic acids |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/11/1494 |
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