Artifacts of the Modern Era from Pervomaisky-1 Site (Southern Trans-Urals): Typology, Chronology and Ethnocultural Affiliation of the Archaeological Monument Revisited
Goals. The article publishes and analyzes archaeological materials of the modern period found at Pervomaisky-1 site discovered in foothill-steppe areas of the Southern Trans-Urals (a high plateau 14 km west of the right bank of the Ural River, Abzelilovsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan, Rus...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Российской академии наук, Калмыцкий научный центр
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Oriental Studies |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://kigiran.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2568/2348 |
| _version_ | 1818981645809614848 |
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| author | Nikita S. Savelev Anna G. Saveleva Sergey Yu. Nikolaev |
| author_facet | Nikita S. Savelev Anna G. Saveleva Sergey Yu. Nikolaev |
| author_sort | Nikita S. Savelev |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Goals. The article publishes and analyzes archaeological materials of the modern period
found at Pervomaisky-1 site discovered in foothill-steppe areas of the Southern Trans-Urals (a
high plateau 14 km west of the right bank of the Ural River, Abzelilovsky District, Republic of
Bashkortostan, Russia) in 2019. Materials. The collection includes three groups of pottery (coarse, gray-clay and red-clay), porcelain and earthenware dishes, various iron products (knives, harrow
teeth, fragments of a cast-iron pot, horseshoes, etc., and no weapons traced), pieces of iron ore, animal
bones, etc. Results. The source analysis of the finds and analogies from the rest of the Urals, Volga
Region and Western Siberia made it possible to date the site to the mid — late 19th century and
typologically classify it a short-term sedentary agricultural settlement. The paper establishes a relative
synchronicity of all types of pottery (including impurities to clay dough), porcelain and earthenware,
showing a high proportion of tableware and ‘tea’ utensils, which may be associated with the type
of the site. The absence of large cast-iron cauldrons is defined as a marker of some agricultural (not
nomadic) population. The involvement of historical data and cartographic materials deepened the
analysis and made it possible to determine the site is a field camp of Cossacks from Magnitnaya
stanitsa (Orenburg Cossack Host) that emerged after the establishment of Novolineiny District and
the 200 km eastward transfer of Russia’s national frontier. This resulted in the territory turned into
a deep rear area. So, the former fortress became a rich village where trade was developing and the
population was rapidly increasing. Cartographic data show the object was located in the center of a
narrow (5-6 km) arable land strip bounded by the main transport artery of the region — Orenburg
Post Road — in the east, and by the border of Cossack and Bashkir lands in the west. The conducted
comprehensive studies substantiate dating parameters of the archaeological complex which is of great
importance for further development of modern history-related archeology in the entire Ural–West
Siberian Region, and show the likely abundance of agricultural field camps across the territory that
can be viewed as a separate type of archaeological objects. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T17:34:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3387cd7df4b04b8298ce06e949898e39 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2619-0990 2619-1008 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T17:34:37Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | Российской академии наук, Калмыцкий научный центр |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Oriental Studies |
| spelling | doaj.art-3387cd7df4b04b8298ce06e949898e392022-12-21T19:31:14ZengРоссийской академии наук, Калмыцкий научный центрOriental Studies2619-09902619-10082020-12-01134843865https://doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2020-50-4-843-865Artifacts of the Modern Era from Pervomaisky-1 Site (Southern Trans-Urals): Typology, Chronology and Ethnocultural Affiliation of the Archaeological Monument RevisitedNikita S. Savelev0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3643-2388Anna G. Saveleva1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9472-2810Sergey Yu. Nikolaev2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3350-9148Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the RASInstitute of History, Language and Literature of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the RASInstitute of History, Language and Literature of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the RASGoals. The article publishes and analyzes archaeological materials of the modern period found at Pervomaisky-1 site discovered in foothill-steppe areas of the Southern Trans-Urals (a high plateau 14 km west of the right bank of the Ural River, Abzelilovsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia) in 2019. Materials. The collection includes three groups of pottery (coarse, gray-clay and red-clay), porcelain and earthenware dishes, various iron products (knives, harrow teeth, fragments of a cast-iron pot, horseshoes, etc., and no weapons traced), pieces of iron ore, animal bones, etc. Results. The source analysis of the finds and analogies from the rest of the Urals, Volga Region and Western Siberia made it possible to date the site to the mid — late 19th century and typologically classify it a short-term sedentary agricultural settlement. The paper establishes a relative synchronicity of all types of pottery (including impurities to clay dough), porcelain and earthenware, showing a high proportion of tableware and ‘tea’ utensils, which may be associated with the type of the site. The absence of large cast-iron cauldrons is defined as a marker of some agricultural (not nomadic) population. The involvement of historical data and cartographic materials deepened the analysis and made it possible to determine the site is a field camp of Cossacks from Magnitnaya stanitsa (Orenburg Cossack Host) that emerged after the establishment of Novolineiny District and the 200 km eastward transfer of Russia’s national frontier. This resulted in the territory turned into a deep rear area. So, the former fortress became a rich village where trade was developing and the population was rapidly increasing. Cartographic data show the object was located in the center of a narrow (5-6 km) arable land strip bounded by the main transport artery of the region — Orenburg Post Road — in the east, and by the border of Cossack and Bashkir lands in the west. The conducted comprehensive studies substantiate dating parameters of the archaeological complex which is of great importance for further development of modern history-related archeology in the entire Ural–West Siberian Region, and show the likely abundance of agricultural field camps across the territory that can be viewed as a separate type of archaeological objects.https://kigiran.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2568/2348southern uralsmodern historyorenburg border linecossacksmagnitnaya stanitsamaterial culturearcheologysettlement system |
| spellingShingle | Nikita S. Savelev Anna G. Saveleva Sergey Yu. Nikolaev Artifacts of the Modern Era from Pervomaisky-1 Site (Southern Trans-Urals): Typology, Chronology and Ethnocultural Affiliation of the Archaeological Monument Revisited Oriental Studies southern urals modern history orenburg border line cossacks magnitnaya stanitsa material culture archeology settlement system |
| title | Artifacts of the Modern Era from Pervomaisky-1 Site (Southern Trans-Urals): Typology, Chronology and Ethnocultural Affiliation of the Archaeological Monument Revisited |
| title_full | Artifacts of the Modern Era from Pervomaisky-1 Site (Southern Trans-Urals): Typology, Chronology and Ethnocultural Affiliation of the Archaeological Monument Revisited |
| title_fullStr | Artifacts of the Modern Era from Pervomaisky-1 Site (Southern Trans-Urals): Typology, Chronology and Ethnocultural Affiliation of the Archaeological Monument Revisited |
| title_full_unstemmed | Artifacts of the Modern Era from Pervomaisky-1 Site (Southern Trans-Urals): Typology, Chronology and Ethnocultural Affiliation of the Archaeological Monument Revisited |
| title_short | Artifacts of the Modern Era from Pervomaisky-1 Site (Southern Trans-Urals): Typology, Chronology and Ethnocultural Affiliation of the Archaeological Monument Revisited |
| title_sort | artifacts of the modern era from pervomaisky 1 site southern trans urals typology chronology and ethnocultural affiliation of the archaeological monument revisited |
| topic | southern urals modern history orenburg border line cossacks magnitnaya stanitsa material culture archeology settlement system |
| url | https://kigiran.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2568/2348 |
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