Performance Evaluation of Energy-Autonomous Sensors Using Power-Harvesting Beacons for Environmental Monitoring in Internet of Things (IoT)
Environmental conditions and air quality monitoring have become crucial today due to the undeniable changes of the climate and accelerated urbanization. To efficiently monitor environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, and the levels of pollutants, such as fine particulate matter (PM2.5...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-05-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/6/1709 |
| _version_ | 1828116314120519680 |
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| author | George Dan Moiş Teodora Sanislav Silviu Corneliu Folea Sherali Zeadally |
| author_facet | George Dan Moiş Teodora Sanislav Silviu Corneliu Folea Sherali Zeadally |
| author_sort | George Dan Moiş |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Environmental conditions and air quality monitoring have become crucial today due to the undeniable changes of the climate and accelerated urbanization. To efficiently monitor environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, and the levels of pollutants, such as fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the air, and to collect data covering vast geographical areas, the development of cheap energy-autonomous sensors for large scale deployment and fine-grained data acquisition is required. Rapid advances in electronics and communication technologies along with the emergence of paradigms such as Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) and the Internet of Things (IoT) have led to the development of low-cost sensor devices that can operate unattended for long periods of time and communicate using wired or wireless connections through the Internet. We investigate the energy efficiency of an environmental monitoring system based on Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) beacons that operate in the IoT environment. The beacons developed measure the temperature, the relative humidity, the light intensity, and the CO2 and VOC levels in the air. Based on our analysis we have developed efficient sleep scheduling algorithms that allow the sensor nodes developed to operate autonomously without requiring the replacement of the power supply. The experimental results show that low-power sensors communicating using BLE technology can operate autonomously (from the energy perspective) in applications that monitor the environment or the air quality in indoor or outdoor settings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:54:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-338d811c48ca49d4bb4dca7799dbfccb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:54:52Z |
| publishDate | 2018-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-338d811c48ca49d4bb4dca7799dbfccb2022-12-22T04:23:05ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202018-05-01186170910.3390/s18061709s18061709Performance Evaluation of Energy-Autonomous Sensors Using Power-Harvesting Beacons for Environmental Monitoring in Internet of Things (IoT)George Dan Moiş0Teodora Sanislav1Silviu Corneliu Folea2Sherali Zeadally3Department of Automation, Faculty of Automation and Computer Science, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 400114 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Automation, Faculty of Automation and Computer Science, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 400114 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Automation, Faculty of Automation and Computer Science, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 400114 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaCollege of Communication and Information at the University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0224, USAEnvironmental conditions and air quality monitoring have become crucial today due to the undeniable changes of the climate and accelerated urbanization. To efficiently monitor environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, and the levels of pollutants, such as fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the air, and to collect data covering vast geographical areas, the development of cheap energy-autonomous sensors for large scale deployment and fine-grained data acquisition is required. Rapid advances in electronics and communication technologies along with the emergence of paradigms such as Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) and the Internet of Things (IoT) have led to the development of low-cost sensor devices that can operate unattended for long periods of time and communicate using wired or wireless connections through the Internet. We investigate the energy efficiency of an environmental monitoring system based on Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) beacons that operate in the IoT environment. The beacons developed measure the temperature, the relative humidity, the light intensity, and the CO2 and VOC levels in the air. Based on our analysis we have developed efficient sleep scheduling algorithms that allow the sensor nodes developed to operate autonomously without requiring the replacement of the power supply. The experimental results show that low-power sensors communicating using BLE technology can operate autonomously (from the energy perspective) in applications that monitor the environment or the air quality in indoor or outdoor settings.http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/6/1709air qualityBluetooth Low Energyenvironmental monitoringlow-power electronicsenergy Harvesting |
| spellingShingle | George Dan Moiş Teodora Sanislav Silviu Corneliu Folea Sherali Zeadally Performance Evaluation of Energy-Autonomous Sensors Using Power-Harvesting Beacons for Environmental Monitoring in Internet of Things (IoT) Sensors air quality Bluetooth Low Energy environmental monitoring low-power electronics energy Harvesting |
| title | Performance Evaluation of Energy-Autonomous Sensors Using Power-Harvesting Beacons for Environmental Monitoring in Internet of Things (IoT) |
| title_full | Performance Evaluation of Energy-Autonomous Sensors Using Power-Harvesting Beacons for Environmental Monitoring in Internet of Things (IoT) |
| title_fullStr | Performance Evaluation of Energy-Autonomous Sensors Using Power-Harvesting Beacons for Environmental Monitoring in Internet of Things (IoT) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Performance Evaluation of Energy-Autonomous Sensors Using Power-Harvesting Beacons for Environmental Monitoring in Internet of Things (IoT) |
| title_short | Performance Evaluation of Energy-Autonomous Sensors Using Power-Harvesting Beacons for Environmental Monitoring in Internet of Things (IoT) |
| title_sort | performance evaluation of energy autonomous sensors using power harvesting beacons for environmental monitoring in internet of things iot |
| topic | air quality Bluetooth Low Energy environmental monitoring low-power electronics energy Harvesting |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/6/1709 |
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