Integrated Industrial Reference Architecture for Smart Healthcare in Internet of Things: A Systematic Investigation
Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the efflorescing technologies of recent years with splendid real-time applications in the fields of healthcare, agriculture, transportation, industry, and environmental monitoring. In addition to the dominant applications and services of IoT, many challenges exist....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Algorithms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/15/9/309 |
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| author | Aswani Devi Aguru Erukala Suresh Babu Soumya Ranjan Nayak Abhisek Sethy Amit Verma |
| author_facet | Aswani Devi Aguru Erukala Suresh Babu Soumya Ranjan Nayak Abhisek Sethy Amit Verma |
| author_sort | Aswani Devi Aguru |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the efflorescing technologies of recent years with splendid real-time applications in the fields of healthcare, agriculture, transportation, industry, and environmental monitoring. In addition to the dominant applications and services of IoT, many challenges exist. As there is a lack of standardization for IoT technologies, the architecture emerged as the foremost challenge. The salient issues in designing an IoT architecture encompass connectivity, data handling, heterogeneity, privacy, scalability, and security. The standard IoT architectures are the ETSI IoT Standard, the ITU-T IoT Reference Model, IoT-A Reference Model, Intel’s IoT Architecture, the Three-Layer Architecture, Middle-Based Architecture, Service-Oriented Architecture, Five-Layer Architecture, and IWF Architecture. In this paper, we have reviewed these architectures and concluded that IWF Architecture is most suitable for the effortless development of IoT applications because of its immediacy and depth of insight in dealing with IoT data. We carried out this review concerning smart healthcare as it is among the major industries that have been leaders and forerunners in IoT technologies. Motivated by this, we designed the novel Smart Healthcare Reference Architecture (SHRA) based on IWF Architecture. Finally, present the significance of smart healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic. We have synthesized our findings in a systematic way for addressing the research questions on IoT challenges. To the best of our knowledge, our paper is the first to provide an exhaustive investigation on IoT architectural challenges with a use case in a smart healthcare system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:57:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3393aafbf2834b9b93209a384937086b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4893 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:57:30Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Algorithms |
| spelling | doaj.art-3393aafbf2834b9b93209a384937086b2023-11-23T14:40:08ZengMDPI AGAlgorithms1999-48932022-08-0115930910.3390/a15090309Integrated Industrial Reference Architecture for Smart Healthcare in Internet of Things: A Systematic InvestigationAswani Devi Aguru0Erukala Suresh Babu1Soumya Ranjan Nayak2Abhisek Sethy3Amit Verma4National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal 506004, IndiaNational Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal 506004, IndiaAmity School of Engineering and Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, IndiaDepartment of Information Technology, GMR Institute of Technology, Rajam 532127, IndiaDepartment of Computer Science Engineering, University Centre for Research Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, IndiaInternet of Things (IoT) is one of the efflorescing technologies of recent years with splendid real-time applications in the fields of healthcare, agriculture, transportation, industry, and environmental monitoring. In addition to the dominant applications and services of IoT, many challenges exist. As there is a lack of standardization for IoT technologies, the architecture emerged as the foremost challenge. The salient issues in designing an IoT architecture encompass connectivity, data handling, heterogeneity, privacy, scalability, and security. The standard IoT architectures are the ETSI IoT Standard, the ITU-T IoT Reference Model, IoT-A Reference Model, Intel’s IoT Architecture, the Three-Layer Architecture, Middle-Based Architecture, Service-Oriented Architecture, Five-Layer Architecture, and IWF Architecture. In this paper, we have reviewed these architectures and concluded that IWF Architecture is most suitable for the effortless development of IoT applications because of its immediacy and depth of insight in dealing with IoT data. We carried out this review concerning smart healthcare as it is among the major industries that have been leaders and forerunners in IoT technologies. Motivated by this, we designed the novel Smart Healthcare Reference Architecture (SHRA) based on IWF Architecture. Finally, present the significance of smart healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic. We have synthesized our findings in a systematic way for addressing the research questions on IoT challenges. To the best of our knowledge, our paper is the first to provide an exhaustive investigation on IoT architectural challenges with a use case in a smart healthcare system.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/15/9/309IoT architecturesIoT challengesIoT countermeasuresIoT ProtocolsIoT applicationssmart healthcare |
| spellingShingle | Aswani Devi Aguru Erukala Suresh Babu Soumya Ranjan Nayak Abhisek Sethy Amit Verma Integrated Industrial Reference Architecture for Smart Healthcare in Internet of Things: A Systematic Investigation Algorithms IoT architectures IoT challenges IoT countermeasures IoT Protocols IoT applications smart healthcare |
| title | Integrated Industrial Reference Architecture for Smart Healthcare in Internet of Things: A Systematic Investigation |
| title_full | Integrated Industrial Reference Architecture for Smart Healthcare in Internet of Things: A Systematic Investigation |
| title_fullStr | Integrated Industrial Reference Architecture for Smart Healthcare in Internet of Things: A Systematic Investigation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Integrated Industrial Reference Architecture for Smart Healthcare in Internet of Things: A Systematic Investigation |
| title_short | Integrated Industrial Reference Architecture for Smart Healthcare in Internet of Things: A Systematic Investigation |
| title_sort | integrated industrial reference architecture for smart healthcare in internet of things a systematic investigation |
| topic | IoT architectures IoT challenges IoT countermeasures IoT Protocols IoT applications smart healthcare |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/15/9/309 |
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