Structural and functional abnormalities of the tongue: An epidemiological study from a tertiary care center in India [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]
Background The tongue is a prominent muscular organ of the oral cavity and the integrity of the tongue mucosa frequently can reflect the overall health of an individual. Many notable structural and functional alterations can affect the tongue. These changes may be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Hence,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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F1000 Research Ltd
2024-02-01
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| Series: | F1000Research |
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| Online Access: | https://f1000research.com/articles/12-822/v2 |
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| author | Ranjanee Srinivasan Kalyana Chakravarthy Pentapati Angela Piplani Mathangi Kumar Ravindranath Vineetha |
| author_facet | Ranjanee Srinivasan Kalyana Chakravarthy Pentapati Angela Piplani Mathangi Kumar Ravindranath Vineetha |
| author_sort | Ranjanee Srinivasan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background The tongue is a prominent muscular organ of the oral cavity and the integrity of the tongue mucosa frequently can reflect the overall health of an individual. Many notable structural and functional alterations can affect the tongue. These changes may be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Hence, the aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of structural and functional abnormalities of the tongue in a population reporting to a tertiary care center. We also assessed the prevalence of the normal variants and evaluated the normal tongue protrusion measurement in the study population. Methods The cross-sectional study included 1,143 dental outpatients above 18 years of age who visited the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology between October 2021 to February 2022. Demographic details of the patients were noted. Participants were asked questions regarding any symptoms or abnormalities noticed on the tongue. The tongue was examined thoroughly for any structural/ functional abnormalities. The maximal tongue protrusion for each participant was measured by asking them to extend their tongue out. Medical history, drug history, and social history were recorded. Results The study included 564 male and 579 female participants; tongue lesions were positive in 66.5% of the study population. Coated tongue (26.2%) was the most frequent structural abnormality that was noted in the present study. Taste dysfunction (4.6%) was the most frequent functional abnormality. The lesions were mostly in the anterior two-thirds (4.2%) of the tongue. Functional abnormalities of the tongue were noted in 8.7% of the study participants. Conclusions The results of the present study showed that structural and functional abnormalities of the tongue were present in 66.5% of the population. Careful and detailed evaluation of the tongue examination is mandated in routine dental checkups. This shall help in the prompt identification of various etiological factors causing structural and functional abnormalities of the tongue. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T14:31:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-339764310b354a7cb7a0d5526fb25d09 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2046-1402 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T14:31:46Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | F1000 Research Ltd |
| record_format | Article |
| series | F1000Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-339764310b354a7cb7a0d5526fb25d092024-03-06T01:00:01ZengF1000 Research LtdF1000Research2046-14022024-02-0112161405Structural and functional abnormalities of the tongue: An epidemiological study from a tertiary care center in India [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]Ranjanee Srinivasan0Kalyana Chakravarthy Pentapati1Angela Piplani2Mathangi Kumar3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1245-2314Ravindranath Vineetha4Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, IndiaDepartment of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, IndiaQueen Mary University of London, London, UKDepartment of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, IndiaDepartment of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, IndiaBackground The tongue is a prominent muscular organ of the oral cavity and the integrity of the tongue mucosa frequently can reflect the overall health of an individual. Many notable structural and functional alterations can affect the tongue. These changes may be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Hence, the aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of structural and functional abnormalities of the tongue in a population reporting to a tertiary care center. We also assessed the prevalence of the normal variants and evaluated the normal tongue protrusion measurement in the study population. Methods The cross-sectional study included 1,143 dental outpatients above 18 years of age who visited the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology between October 2021 to February 2022. Demographic details of the patients were noted. Participants were asked questions regarding any symptoms or abnormalities noticed on the tongue. The tongue was examined thoroughly for any structural/ functional abnormalities. The maximal tongue protrusion for each participant was measured by asking them to extend their tongue out. Medical history, drug history, and social history were recorded. Results The study included 564 male and 579 female participants; tongue lesions were positive in 66.5% of the study population. Coated tongue (26.2%) was the most frequent structural abnormality that was noted in the present study. Taste dysfunction (4.6%) was the most frequent functional abnormality. The lesions were mostly in the anterior two-thirds (4.2%) of the tongue. Functional abnormalities of the tongue were noted in 8.7% of the study participants. Conclusions The results of the present study showed that structural and functional abnormalities of the tongue were present in 66.5% of the population. Careful and detailed evaluation of the tongue examination is mandated in routine dental checkups. This shall help in the prompt identification of various etiological factors causing structural and functional abnormalities of the tongue.https://f1000research.com/articles/12-822/v2Tongue Disease Glossitis Prevalence Study Stomatognathic System Abnormalitieseng |
| spellingShingle | Ranjanee Srinivasan Kalyana Chakravarthy Pentapati Angela Piplani Mathangi Kumar Ravindranath Vineetha Structural and functional abnormalities of the tongue: An epidemiological study from a tertiary care center in India [version 2; peer review: 2 approved] F1000Research Tongue Disease Glossitis Prevalence Study Stomatognathic System Abnormalities eng |
| title | Structural and functional abnormalities of the tongue: An epidemiological study from a tertiary care center in India [version 2; peer review: 2 approved] |
| title_full | Structural and functional abnormalities of the tongue: An epidemiological study from a tertiary care center in India [version 2; peer review: 2 approved] |
| title_fullStr | Structural and functional abnormalities of the tongue: An epidemiological study from a tertiary care center in India [version 2; peer review: 2 approved] |
| title_full_unstemmed | Structural and functional abnormalities of the tongue: An epidemiological study from a tertiary care center in India [version 2; peer review: 2 approved] |
| title_short | Structural and functional abnormalities of the tongue: An epidemiological study from a tertiary care center in India [version 2; peer review: 2 approved] |
| title_sort | structural and functional abnormalities of the tongue an epidemiological study from a tertiary care center in india version 2 peer review 2 approved |
| topic | Tongue Disease Glossitis Prevalence Study Stomatognathic System Abnormalities eng |
| url | https://f1000research.com/articles/12-822/v2 |
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