Biological Risk Factors Influencing Vascular Cognitive Impairments: A Review of the Evidence
Vascular cognitive impairment encompasses several types of deficits, ranging from mild cognitive impairment to dementia. Cognitive reserve refers to the brain’s ability to balance damage and improve performance through certain types of brain networks. The purpose of this review was to assess the rel...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Brain Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/13/7/1094 |
| _version_ | 1797590019144155136 |
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| author | Silvina Iluț Ştefan Cristian Vesa Vitalie Văcăraș Lavinia Brăiță Vlad-Constantin Dăscălescu Ioana Fantu Dafin-Fior Mureșanu |
| author_facet | Silvina Iluț Ştefan Cristian Vesa Vitalie Văcăraș Lavinia Brăiță Vlad-Constantin Dăscălescu Ioana Fantu Dafin-Fior Mureșanu |
| author_sort | Silvina Iluț |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Vascular cognitive impairment encompasses several types of deficits, ranging from mild cognitive impairment to dementia. Cognitive reserve refers to the brain’s ability to balance damage and improve performance through certain types of brain networks. The purpose of this review was to assess the relationship between reserve in vascular impairment, specifically looking at whether cognitive impairment is influenced by cognitive reserve, identifying significant vascular risk factors and their pathological pathways. To achieve this purpose, a review covering these issues was conducted within the Embase, Cochrane, and PubMed database. A total of 657 scientific articles were found, and 33 papers were considered for the final analysis. We concluded that there is no consensus on the protective effects of brain reserve on cognitive impairment. Stroke and diabetes can be considered significant risk factors for vascular cognitive impairment, while hypertension is not as damaging as blood pressure variability, which structurally alters the brain through a variety of mechanisms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:14:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3398fc29aea648a18cccf25a8df5343d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:14:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brain Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-3398fc29aea648a18cccf25a8df5343d2023-11-18T18:35:16ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252023-07-01137109410.3390/brainsci13071094Biological Risk Factors Influencing Vascular Cognitive Impairments: A Review of the EvidenceSilvina Iluț0Ştefan Cristian Vesa1Vitalie Văcăraș2Lavinia Brăiță3Vlad-Constantin Dăscălescu4Ioana Fantu5Dafin-Fior Mureșanu6Department of Neurosciences, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeş Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Neurosciences, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeş Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Neurosciences, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeş Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Neurosciences, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeş Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Neurosciences, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeş Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Neurosciences, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babeş Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaVascular cognitive impairment encompasses several types of deficits, ranging from mild cognitive impairment to dementia. Cognitive reserve refers to the brain’s ability to balance damage and improve performance through certain types of brain networks. The purpose of this review was to assess the relationship between reserve in vascular impairment, specifically looking at whether cognitive impairment is influenced by cognitive reserve, identifying significant vascular risk factors and their pathological pathways. To achieve this purpose, a review covering these issues was conducted within the Embase, Cochrane, and PubMed database. A total of 657 scientific articles were found, and 33 papers were considered for the final analysis. We concluded that there is no consensus on the protective effects of brain reserve on cognitive impairment. Stroke and diabetes can be considered significant risk factors for vascular cognitive impairment, while hypertension is not as damaging as blood pressure variability, which structurally alters the brain through a variety of mechanisms.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/13/7/1094cognitive reservevascular risk factorsblood pressure variabilitystroke |
| spellingShingle | Silvina Iluț Ştefan Cristian Vesa Vitalie Văcăraș Lavinia Brăiță Vlad-Constantin Dăscălescu Ioana Fantu Dafin-Fior Mureșanu Biological Risk Factors Influencing Vascular Cognitive Impairments: A Review of the Evidence Brain Sciences cognitive reserve vascular risk factors blood pressure variability stroke |
| title | Biological Risk Factors Influencing Vascular Cognitive Impairments: A Review of the Evidence |
| title_full | Biological Risk Factors Influencing Vascular Cognitive Impairments: A Review of the Evidence |
| title_fullStr | Biological Risk Factors Influencing Vascular Cognitive Impairments: A Review of the Evidence |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biological Risk Factors Influencing Vascular Cognitive Impairments: A Review of the Evidence |
| title_short | Biological Risk Factors Influencing Vascular Cognitive Impairments: A Review of the Evidence |
| title_sort | biological risk factors influencing vascular cognitive impairments a review of the evidence |
| topic | cognitive reserve vascular risk factors blood pressure variability stroke |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/13/7/1094 |
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