Respiratory Tract Infections in Diabetes – Lessons From Tuberculosis and Influenza to Guide Understanding of COVID-19 Severity
Patients with type-2 diabetes (T2D) are more likely to develop severe respiratory tract infections. Such susceptibility has gained increasing attention since the global spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in early 2020. The earliest reports marked T2D as an important risk-factor for severe...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-07-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.919223/full |
| _version_ | 1811221801705930752 |
|---|---|
| author | Amnah Al-Sayyar Katina D. Hulme Ronan Thibaut Jagadeesh Bayry Frederick J. Sheedy Kirsty R. Short Kirsty R. Short Fawaz Alzaid Fawaz Alzaid |
| author_facet | Amnah Al-Sayyar Katina D. Hulme Ronan Thibaut Jagadeesh Bayry Frederick J. Sheedy Kirsty R. Short Kirsty R. Short Fawaz Alzaid Fawaz Alzaid |
| author_sort | Amnah Al-Sayyar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Patients with type-2 diabetes (T2D) are more likely to develop severe respiratory tract infections. Such susceptibility has gained increasing attention since the global spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in early 2020. The earliest reports marked T2D as an important risk-factor for severe forms of disease and mortality across all adult age groups. Several mechanisms have been proposed for this increased susceptibility, including pre-existing immune dysfunction, a lack of metabolic flexibility due to insulin resistance, inadequate dietary quality or adverse interactions with antidiabetic treatments or common comorbidities. Some mechanisms that predispose patients with T2D to severe COVID-19 may indeed be shared with other previously characterized respiratory tract infections. Accordingly, in this review, we give an overview of response to Influenza A virus and to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infections. Similar risk factors and mechanisms are discussed between the two conditions and in the case of COVID-19. Lastly, we address emerging approaches to address research needs in infection and metabolic disease, and perspectives with regards to deployment or repositioning of metabolically active therapeutics. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T08:05:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-339ae5b617ca4ac281db722d649198fa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T08:05:31Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj.art-339ae5b617ca4ac281db722d649198fa2022-12-22T03:41:10ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922022-07-011310.3389/fendo.2022.919223919223Respiratory Tract Infections in Diabetes – Lessons From Tuberculosis and Influenza to Guide Understanding of COVID-19 SeverityAmnah Al-Sayyar0Katina D. Hulme1Ronan Thibaut2Jagadeesh Bayry3Frederick J. Sheedy4Kirsty R. Short5Kirsty R. Short6Fawaz Alzaid7Fawaz Alzaid8Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, KuwaitSchool of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, AustraliaInstitut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151/CNRS UMRS8253, Immunity and Metabolism of Diabetes (IMMEDIAB), Université de Paris Cité, Paris, FranceDepartment of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Palakkad, IndiaSchool of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College, Dublin, IrelandSchool of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, AustraliaAustralian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, AustraliaDasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, KuwaitInstitut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151/CNRS UMRS8253, Immunity and Metabolism of Diabetes (IMMEDIAB), Université de Paris Cité, Paris, FrancePatients with type-2 diabetes (T2D) are more likely to develop severe respiratory tract infections. Such susceptibility has gained increasing attention since the global spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in early 2020. The earliest reports marked T2D as an important risk-factor for severe forms of disease and mortality across all adult age groups. Several mechanisms have been proposed for this increased susceptibility, including pre-existing immune dysfunction, a lack of metabolic flexibility due to insulin resistance, inadequate dietary quality or adverse interactions with antidiabetic treatments or common comorbidities. Some mechanisms that predispose patients with T2D to severe COVID-19 may indeed be shared with other previously characterized respiratory tract infections. Accordingly, in this review, we give an overview of response to Influenza A virus and to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infections. Similar risk factors and mechanisms are discussed between the two conditions and in the case of COVID-19. Lastly, we address emerging approaches to address research needs in infection and metabolic disease, and perspectives with regards to deployment or repositioning of metabolically active therapeutics.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.919223/fulldiabetesinfectioninfluenzaCOVID – 19tuberculosisinflammation |
| spellingShingle | Amnah Al-Sayyar Katina D. Hulme Ronan Thibaut Jagadeesh Bayry Frederick J. Sheedy Kirsty R. Short Kirsty R. Short Fawaz Alzaid Fawaz Alzaid Respiratory Tract Infections in Diabetes – Lessons From Tuberculosis and Influenza to Guide Understanding of COVID-19 Severity Frontiers in Endocrinology diabetes infection influenza COVID – 19 tuberculosis inflammation |
| title | Respiratory Tract Infections in Diabetes – Lessons From Tuberculosis and Influenza to Guide Understanding of COVID-19 Severity |
| title_full | Respiratory Tract Infections in Diabetes – Lessons From Tuberculosis and Influenza to Guide Understanding of COVID-19 Severity |
| title_fullStr | Respiratory Tract Infections in Diabetes – Lessons From Tuberculosis and Influenza to Guide Understanding of COVID-19 Severity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Respiratory Tract Infections in Diabetes – Lessons From Tuberculosis and Influenza to Guide Understanding of COVID-19 Severity |
| title_short | Respiratory Tract Infections in Diabetes – Lessons From Tuberculosis and Influenza to Guide Understanding of COVID-19 Severity |
| title_sort | respiratory tract infections in diabetes lessons from tuberculosis and influenza to guide understanding of covid 19 severity |
| topic | diabetes infection influenza COVID – 19 tuberculosis inflammation |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.919223/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT amnahalsayyar respiratorytractinfectionsindiabeteslessonsfromtuberculosisandinfluenzatoguideunderstandingofcovid19severity AT katinadhulme respiratorytractinfectionsindiabeteslessonsfromtuberculosisandinfluenzatoguideunderstandingofcovid19severity AT ronanthibaut respiratorytractinfectionsindiabeteslessonsfromtuberculosisandinfluenzatoguideunderstandingofcovid19severity AT jagadeeshbayry respiratorytractinfectionsindiabeteslessonsfromtuberculosisandinfluenzatoguideunderstandingofcovid19severity AT frederickjsheedy respiratorytractinfectionsindiabeteslessonsfromtuberculosisandinfluenzatoguideunderstandingofcovid19severity AT kirstyrshort respiratorytractinfectionsindiabeteslessonsfromtuberculosisandinfluenzatoguideunderstandingofcovid19severity AT kirstyrshort respiratorytractinfectionsindiabeteslessonsfromtuberculosisandinfluenzatoguideunderstandingofcovid19severity AT fawazalzaid respiratorytractinfectionsindiabeteslessonsfromtuberculosisandinfluenzatoguideunderstandingofcovid19severity AT fawazalzaid respiratorytractinfectionsindiabeteslessonsfromtuberculosisandinfluenzatoguideunderstandingofcovid19severity |