Antifungal, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Activities of <i>Acacia Saligna</i> (Labill.) H. L. Wendl. Flower Extract: HPLC Analysis of Phenolic and Flavonoid Compounds
In this study, for the environmental development, the antifungal, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities of a water extract of flowers from <i>Acacia saligna</i> (Labill.) H. L. Wendl. were evaluated. The extract concentrations were prepared by dissolving them in 10% DMSO. Wood sample...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2019-02-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/4/700 |
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| author | Asma A. Al-Huqail Said I. Behiry Mohamed Z. M. Salem Hayssam M. Ali Manzer H. Siddiqui Abdelfattah Z. M. Salem |
| author_facet | Asma A. Al-Huqail Said I. Behiry Mohamed Z. M. Salem Hayssam M. Ali Manzer H. Siddiqui Abdelfattah Z. M. Salem |
| author_sort | Asma A. Al-Huqail |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, for the environmental development, the antifungal, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities of a water extract of flowers from <i>Acacia saligna</i> (Labill.) H. L. Wendl. were evaluated. The extract concentrations were prepared by dissolving them in 10% DMSO. Wood samples of <i>Melia azedarach</i> were treated with water extract, and the antifungal activity was examined at concentrations of 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3% against three mold fungi; <i>Fusarium culmorum</i> MH352452, <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> MH352450, and <i>Penicillium chrysogenum</i> MH352451 that cause root rot, cankers, and green fruit rot, respectively, isolated from infected <i>Citrus sinensis</i> L. Antibacterial evaluation of the extract was assayed against four phytopathogenic bacteria, including <i>Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Enterobacter cloacae, Erwinia amylovora,</i> and <i>Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum</i>, using the micro-dilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Further, the antioxidant capacity of the water extract was measured via 2,2′-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Phenolic and flavonoid compounds in the water extract were analyzed using HPLC: benzoic acid, caffeine, and <i>o</i>-coumaric acid were the most abundant phenolic compounds; while the flavonoid compounds naringenin, quercetin, and kaempferol were identified compared with the standard flavonoid compounds. The antioxidant activity of the water extract in terms of IC<sub>50</sub> was considered weak (463.71 μg/mL) compared to the standard used, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) (6.26 μg/mL). The MIC values were 200, 300, 300, and 100 µg/mL against the growth of <i>A. tumefaciens</i>, <i>E. cloacae</i>, <i>E. amylovora</i>, and <i>P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum</i>, respectively, which were lower than the positive control used (Tobramycin 10 μg/disc). By increasing the extract concentration, the percentage inhibition of fungal mycelial was significantly increased compared to the control treatment, especially against <i>P. chrysogenum</i>, suggesting that the use of <i>A. saligna</i> flower extract as an environmentally friendly wood bio-preservative inhibited the growth of molds that cause discoloration of wood and wood products. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-33b401447b6d4dd3a4ddadf89b39fc7d2022-12-21T18:51:24ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492019-02-0124470010.3390/molecules24040700molecules24040700Antifungal, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Activities of <i>Acacia Saligna</i> (Labill.) H. L. Wendl. Flower Extract: HPLC Analysis of Phenolic and Flavonoid CompoundsAsma A. Al-Huqail0Said I. Behiry1Mohamed Z. M. Salem2Hayssam M. Ali3Manzer H. Siddiqui4Abdelfattah Z. M. Salem5Chair of Climate Change, Environmental Development and Vegetation Cover, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaAgricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, EgyptForestry and Wood Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, EgyptChair of Climate Change, Environmental Development and Vegetation Cover, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaChair of Climate Change, Environmental Development and Vegetation Cover, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaFacultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 50000 Estado de México, MexicoIn this study, for the environmental development, the antifungal, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities of a water extract of flowers from <i>Acacia saligna</i> (Labill.) H. L. Wendl. were evaluated. The extract concentrations were prepared by dissolving them in 10% DMSO. Wood samples of <i>Melia azedarach</i> were treated with water extract, and the antifungal activity was examined at concentrations of 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3% against three mold fungi; <i>Fusarium culmorum</i> MH352452, <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> MH352450, and <i>Penicillium chrysogenum</i> MH352451 that cause root rot, cankers, and green fruit rot, respectively, isolated from infected <i>Citrus sinensis</i> L. Antibacterial evaluation of the extract was assayed against four phytopathogenic bacteria, including <i>Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Enterobacter cloacae, Erwinia amylovora,</i> and <i>Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum</i>, using the micro-dilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Further, the antioxidant capacity of the water extract was measured via 2,2′-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Phenolic and flavonoid compounds in the water extract were analyzed using HPLC: benzoic acid, caffeine, and <i>o</i>-coumaric acid were the most abundant phenolic compounds; while the flavonoid compounds naringenin, quercetin, and kaempferol were identified compared with the standard flavonoid compounds. The antioxidant activity of the water extract in terms of IC<sub>50</sub> was considered weak (463.71 μg/mL) compared to the standard used, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) (6.26 μg/mL). The MIC values were 200, 300, 300, and 100 µg/mL against the growth of <i>A. tumefaciens</i>, <i>E. cloacae</i>, <i>E. amylovora</i>, and <i>P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum</i>, respectively, which were lower than the positive control used (Tobramycin 10 μg/disc). By increasing the extract concentration, the percentage inhibition of fungal mycelial was significantly increased compared to the control treatment, especially against <i>P. chrysogenum</i>, suggesting that the use of <i>A. saligna</i> flower extract as an environmentally friendly wood bio-preservative inhibited the growth of molds that cause discoloration of wood and wood products.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/4/700<i>acacia saligna</i>antibacterial activityantifungal activityantioxidant activityflowerswood-treated extract |
| spellingShingle | Asma A. Al-Huqail Said I. Behiry Mohamed Z. M. Salem Hayssam M. Ali Manzer H. Siddiqui Abdelfattah Z. M. Salem Antifungal, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Activities of <i>Acacia Saligna</i> (Labill.) H. L. Wendl. Flower Extract: HPLC Analysis of Phenolic and Flavonoid Compounds Molecules <i>acacia saligna</i> antibacterial activity antifungal activity antioxidant activity flowers wood-treated extract |
| title | Antifungal, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Activities of <i>Acacia Saligna</i> (Labill.) H. L. Wendl. Flower Extract: HPLC Analysis of Phenolic and Flavonoid Compounds |
| title_full | Antifungal, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Activities of <i>Acacia Saligna</i> (Labill.) H. L. Wendl. Flower Extract: HPLC Analysis of Phenolic and Flavonoid Compounds |
| title_fullStr | Antifungal, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Activities of <i>Acacia Saligna</i> (Labill.) H. L. Wendl. Flower Extract: HPLC Analysis of Phenolic and Flavonoid Compounds |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antifungal, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Activities of <i>Acacia Saligna</i> (Labill.) H. L. Wendl. Flower Extract: HPLC Analysis of Phenolic and Flavonoid Compounds |
| title_short | Antifungal, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Activities of <i>Acacia Saligna</i> (Labill.) H. L. Wendl. Flower Extract: HPLC Analysis of Phenolic and Flavonoid Compounds |
| title_sort | antifungal antibacterial and antioxidant activities of i acacia saligna i labill h l wendl flower extract hplc analysis of phenolic and flavonoid compounds |
| topic | <i>acacia saligna</i> antibacterial activity antifungal activity antioxidant activity flowers wood-treated extract |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/4/700 |
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