The first pan-Alpine surface-gravity database, a modern compilation that crosses frontiers

<p>The AlpArray Gravity Research Group (AAGRG), as part of the European AlpArray program, focuses on the compilation of a homogeneous surface-based gravity data set across the Alpine area. In 2017 10 European countries in the Alpine realm agreed to contribute with gravity data for a new compil...

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Main Authors: P. Zahorec, J. Papčo, R. Pašteka, M. Bielik, S. Bonvalot, C. Braitenberg, J. Ebbing, G. Gabriel, A. Gosar, A. Grand, H.-J. Götze, G. Hetényi, N. Holzrichter, E. Kissling, U. Marti, B. Meurers, J. Mrlina, E. Nogová, A. Pastorutti, C. Salaun, M. Scarponi, J. Sebera, L. Seoane, P. Skiba, E. Szűcs, M. Varga
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Copernicus Publications 2021-05-01
Series:Earth System Science Data
Online Access:https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/13/2165/2021/essd-13-2165-2021.pdf
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author P. Zahorec
J. Papčo
R. Pašteka
M. Bielik
M. Bielik
S. Bonvalot
S. Bonvalot
C. Braitenberg
J. Ebbing
G. Gabriel
G. Gabriel
A. Gosar
A. Gosar
A. Grand
H.-J. Götze
G. Hetényi
N. Holzrichter
E. Kissling
U. Marti
B. Meurers
J. Mrlina
E. Nogová
E. Nogová
A. Pastorutti
C. Salaun
M. Scarponi
J. Sebera
L. Seoane
L. Seoane
P. Skiba
E. Szűcs
M. Varga
author_facet P. Zahorec
J. Papčo
R. Pašteka
M. Bielik
M. Bielik
S. Bonvalot
S. Bonvalot
C. Braitenberg
J. Ebbing
G. Gabriel
G. Gabriel
A. Gosar
A. Gosar
A. Grand
H.-J. Götze
G. Hetényi
N. Holzrichter
E. Kissling
U. Marti
B. Meurers
J. Mrlina
E. Nogová
E. Nogová
A. Pastorutti
C. Salaun
M. Scarponi
J. Sebera
L. Seoane
L. Seoane
P. Skiba
E. Szűcs
M. Varga
author_sort P. Zahorec
collection DOAJ
description <p>The AlpArray Gravity Research Group (AAGRG), as part of the European AlpArray program, focuses on the compilation of a homogeneous surface-based gravity data set across the Alpine area. In 2017 10 European countries in the Alpine realm agreed to contribute with gravity data for a new compilation of the Alpine gravity field in an area spanning from 2 to 23<span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span> E and from 41 to 51<span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span> N. This compilation relies on existing national gravity databases and, for the Ligurian and the Adriatic seas, on shipborne data of the Service Hydrographique et Océanographique de la Marine and of the Bureau Gravimétrique International. Furthermore,<span id="page2166"/> for the Ivrea zone in the Western Alps, recently acquired data were added to the database. This first pan-Alpine gravity data map is homogeneous regarding input data sets, applied methods and all corrections, as well as reference frames.</p> <p>Here, the AAGRG presents the data set of the recalculated gravity fields on a 4 km <span class="inline-formula">×</span> 4 km grid for public release and a 2 km <span class="inline-formula">×</span> 2 km grid for special request. The final products also include calculated values for mass and bathymetry corrections of the measured gravity at each grid point, as well as height. This allows users to use later customized densities for their own calculations of mass corrections. Correction densities used are 2670 kg m<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−3</sup></span> for landmasses, 1030 kg m<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−3</sup></span> for water masses above the ellipsoid and <span class="inline-formula">−</span>1640 kg m<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−3</sup></span> for those below the ellipsoid and 1000 kg m<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−3</sup></span> for lake water masses. The correction radius was set to the Hayford zone O<span class="inline-formula"><sub>2</sub></span> (167 km). The new Bouguer anomaly is station completed (CBA) and compiled according to the most modern criteria and reference frames (both positioning and gravity), including atmospheric corrections. Special emphasis was put on the gravity effect of the numerous lakes in the study area, which can have an effect of up to 5 mGal for gravity stations located at shorelines with steep slopes, e.g., for the rather deep reservoirs in the Alps. The results of an error statistic based on cross validations and/or “interpolation residuals” are provided for the entire database. As an example, the interpolation residuals of the Austrian data set range between about <span class="inline-formula">−</span>8 and <span class="inline-formula">+</span>8 mGal and the cross-validation residuals between <span class="inline-formula">−</span>14 and <span class="inline-formula">+</span>10 mGal; standard deviations are well below 1 mGal. The accuracy of the newly compiled gravity database is close to <span class="inline-formula">±</span>5 mGal for most areas.</p> <p>A first interpretation of the new map shows that the resolution of the gravity anomalies is suited for applications ranging from intra-crustal- to crustal-scale modeling to interdisciplinary studies on the regional and continental scales, as well as applications as joint inversion with other data sets. The data are published with the DOI <a href="https://doi.org/10.5880/fidgeo.2020.045">https://doi.org/10.5880/fidgeo.2020.045</a> (Zahorec et al., 2021) via GFZ Data Services.</p>
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spelling doaj.art-33b479da18df45d3bc0b74870c83b7412022-12-21T18:50:50ZengCopernicus PublicationsEarth System Science Data1866-35081866-35162021-05-01132165220910.5194/essd-13-2165-2021The first pan-Alpine surface-gravity database, a modern compilation that crosses frontiersP. Zahorec0J. Papčo1R. Pašteka2M. Bielik3M. Bielik4S. Bonvalot5S. Bonvalot6C. Braitenberg7J. Ebbing8G. Gabriel9G. Gabriel10A. Gosar11A. Gosar12A. Grand13H.-J. Götze14G. Hetényi15N. Holzrichter16E. Kissling17U. Marti18B. Meurers19J. Mrlina20E. Nogová21E. Nogová22A. Pastorutti23C. Salaun24M. Scarponi25J. Sebera26L. Seoane27L. Seoane28P. Skiba29E. Szűcs30M. Varga31Earth Science Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 840 05 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Theoretical Geodesy and Geoinformatics, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 11, 810 05 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Engineering Geology, Hydrogeology and Applied Geophysics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska dolina, Ilkoviéčova 6, 842 48 Bratislava, SlovakiaEarth Science Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 840 05 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Engineering Geology, Hydrogeology and Applied Geophysics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska dolina, Ilkoviéčova 6, 842 48 Bratislava, SlovakiaBureau Gravimétrique International, Toulouse, France, GET, University of Toulouse, FranceCNRS, IRD, UT3, CNES, Toulouse, FranceDepartment of Mathematics and Geosciences, University of Trieste, Via Edoardo Weiss 1, 34128 Trieste, ItalyInstitute of Geosciences, Christian Albrechts University Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 1, 24118 Kiel, GermanyLeibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics, Stilleweg 2, 30655 Hannover, GermanyInstitute of Geology, Leibniz University Hannover, Callinstraße 30, 30167 Hannover, GermanySlovenian Environmental Agency, Seismology and Geology Office, Vojkova 1b, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaFaculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 12, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaDepartment of Engineering Geology, Hydrogeology and Applied Geophysics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska dolina, Ilkoviéčova 6, 842 48 Bratislava, SlovakiaInstitute of Geosciences, Christian Albrechts University Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 1, 24118 Kiel, GermanyInstitute of Earth Sciences, University of Lausanne, UNIL-Mouline Géopolis, 1015 Lausanne, SwitzerlandInstitute of Geosciences, Christian Albrechts University Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 1, 24118 Kiel, GermanyDepartment of Earth Sciences, Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Sonneggstrasse 5, 8092 Zürich, SwitzerlandFederal Office of Topography swisstopo, Wabern, SwitzerlandDepartment of Meteorology and Geophysics, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Althanstraße 14, UZA 2, AustriaInstitute of Geophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Boční II/1401, 141 31 Prague, Czech RepublicEarth Science Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 840 05 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Engineering Geology, Hydrogeology and Applied Geophysics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynska dolina, Ilkoviéčova 6, 842 48 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Mathematics and Geosciences, University of Trieste, Via Edoardo Weiss 1, 34128 Trieste, ItalyService Hydrographique et Océanographique de la Marine, 13 rue du Chatellier 29200 Brest, France Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Lausanne, UNIL-Mouline Géopolis, 1015 Lausanne, SwitzerlandInstitute of Geosciences, Christian Albrechts University Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 1, 24118 Kiel, GermanyBureau Gravimétrique International, Toulouse, France, GET, University of Toulouse, FranceCNRS, IRD, UT3, CNES, Toulouse, FranceLeibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics, Stilleweg 2, 30655 Hannover, GermanyInstitute of Earth Physics and Space Science (ELKH EPSS), Csatkai street 6-8, 9400 Sopron, HungaryDepartment of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Stefano-Franscini-Platz 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland<p>The AlpArray Gravity Research Group (AAGRG), as part of the European AlpArray program, focuses on the compilation of a homogeneous surface-based gravity data set across the Alpine area. In 2017 10 European countries in the Alpine realm agreed to contribute with gravity data for a new compilation of the Alpine gravity field in an area spanning from 2 to 23<span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span> E and from 41 to 51<span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span> N. This compilation relies on existing national gravity databases and, for the Ligurian and the Adriatic seas, on shipborne data of the Service Hydrographique et Océanographique de la Marine and of the Bureau Gravimétrique International. Furthermore,<span id="page2166"/> for the Ivrea zone in the Western Alps, recently acquired data were added to the database. This first pan-Alpine gravity data map is homogeneous regarding input data sets, applied methods and all corrections, as well as reference frames.</p> <p>Here, the AAGRG presents the data set of the recalculated gravity fields on a 4 km <span class="inline-formula">×</span> 4 km grid for public release and a 2 km <span class="inline-formula">×</span> 2 km grid for special request. The final products also include calculated values for mass and bathymetry corrections of the measured gravity at each grid point, as well as height. This allows users to use later customized densities for their own calculations of mass corrections. Correction densities used are 2670 kg m<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−3</sup></span> for landmasses, 1030 kg m<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−3</sup></span> for water masses above the ellipsoid and <span class="inline-formula">−</span>1640 kg m<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−3</sup></span> for those below the ellipsoid and 1000 kg m<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−3</sup></span> for lake water masses. The correction radius was set to the Hayford zone O<span class="inline-formula"><sub>2</sub></span> (167 km). The new Bouguer anomaly is station completed (CBA) and compiled according to the most modern criteria and reference frames (both positioning and gravity), including atmospheric corrections. Special emphasis was put on the gravity effect of the numerous lakes in the study area, which can have an effect of up to 5 mGal for gravity stations located at shorelines with steep slopes, e.g., for the rather deep reservoirs in the Alps. The results of an error statistic based on cross validations and/or “interpolation residuals” are provided for the entire database. As an example, the interpolation residuals of the Austrian data set range between about <span class="inline-formula">−</span>8 and <span class="inline-formula">+</span>8 mGal and the cross-validation residuals between <span class="inline-formula">−</span>14 and <span class="inline-formula">+</span>10 mGal; standard deviations are well below 1 mGal. The accuracy of the newly compiled gravity database is close to <span class="inline-formula">±</span>5 mGal for most areas.</p> <p>A first interpretation of the new map shows that the resolution of the gravity anomalies is suited for applications ranging from intra-crustal- to crustal-scale modeling to interdisciplinary studies on the regional and continental scales, as well as applications as joint inversion with other data sets. The data are published with the DOI <a href="https://doi.org/10.5880/fidgeo.2020.045">https://doi.org/10.5880/fidgeo.2020.045</a> (Zahorec et al., 2021) via GFZ Data Services.</p>https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/13/2165/2021/essd-13-2165-2021.pdf
spellingShingle P. Zahorec
J. Papčo
R. Pašteka
M. Bielik
M. Bielik
S. Bonvalot
S. Bonvalot
C. Braitenberg
J. Ebbing
G. Gabriel
G. Gabriel
A. Gosar
A. Gosar
A. Grand
H.-J. Götze
G. Hetényi
N. Holzrichter
E. Kissling
U. Marti
B. Meurers
J. Mrlina
E. Nogová
E. Nogová
A. Pastorutti
C. Salaun
M. Scarponi
J. Sebera
L. Seoane
L. Seoane
P. Skiba
E. Szűcs
M. Varga
The first pan-Alpine surface-gravity database, a modern compilation that crosses frontiers
Earth System Science Data
title The first pan-Alpine surface-gravity database, a modern compilation that crosses frontiers
title_full The first pan-Alpine surface-gravity database, a modern compilation that crosses frontiers
title_fullStr The first pan-Alpine surface-gravity database, a modern compilation that crosses frontiers
title_full_unstemmed The first pan-Alpine surface-gravity database, a modern compilation that crosses frontiers
title_short The first pan-Alpine surface-gravity database, a modern compilation that crosses frontiers
title_sort first pan alpine surface gravity database a modern compilation that crosses frontiers
url https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/13/2165/2021/essd-13-2165-2021.pdf
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