The Effect of Water Stress on Bioactive Compounds in Australian-Grown Black Sesame
Sesame is an emerging crop of interest in Australia and has attracted widespread interest due to the health-benefitting properties of its bioactive compounds, including fatty acids, lignans, and polyphenols. This study aimed to investigate the impact of drought stress on these bioactive compounds, u...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/6/793 |
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| author | Beatriz E. Hoyos Joel B. Johnson Janice S. Mani Ryan J. Batley Tieneke Trotter Surya P. Bhattarai Mani Naiker |
| author_facet | Beatriz E. Hoyos Joel B. Johnson Janice S. Mani Ryan J. Batley Tieneke Trotter Surya P. Bhattarai Mani Naiker |
| author_sort | Beatriz E. Hoyos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sesame is an emerging crop of interest in Australia and has attracted widespread interest due to the health-benefitting properties of its bioactive compounds, including fatty acids, lignans, and polyphenols. This study aimed to investigate the impact of drought stress on these bioactive compounds, using eleven cultivars of black sesame seeds grown in Australia. Specific varieties responded positively to water deficit (WD) conditions, showing increased levels of TPC, FRAP, CUPRAC, and lignans. Varieties 1, 4, 7, and 12 showed significantly increased FRAP values ranging from 158.02 ± 10.43 to 195.22 ± 9.63 mg TE/100 g DW in the WD treatment compared to the well-watered (WW) treatment, whereas varieties 7, 10, 12, 13, and 18 demonstrated the highest CUPRAC values of all varieties (2584.86 ± 99.68–2969.56 ± 159.72 mg TE/100 g) across both WW and WD conditions, with no significant variations between irrigation regimes. Moreover, lignan contents (sesamin and sesamolin) were higher in varieties 1, 2, 5, and 8 grown in WD conditions. Compared to the optimal unsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio (Σ UFA/Σ SFA ratio) of 0.45, all sesame genotypes showed superior ratios (ranging between 1.86 and 2.34). Moreover, the ω-6/ω-3 PUFA ratio varied from 33.7–65.5, with lower ratios in varieties 2, 4, 5, 8, and 18 under WD conditions. The high levels of phenolic compounds and healthy fats suggest the potential of black sesame to be incorporated into diets as a functional food. Furthermore, the enhanced phytochemistry of these cultivars in WD conditions is promising for widespread adoption. However, larger trial studies to confirm these findings across different geographic locations and seasons are warranted. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:53:36Z |
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| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:53:36Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-33b8b70dcf2d483ba70eb377812495942024-03-27T14:00:40ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472024-03-0113679310.3390/plants13060793The Effect of Water Stress on Bioactive Compounds in Australian-Grown Black SesameBeatriz E. Hoyos0Joel B. Johnson1Janice S. Mani2Ryan J. Batley3Tieneke Trotter4Surya P. Bhattarai5Mani Naiker6School of Health, Medical & Applied Sciences, CQUniversity Australia, Bruce Hwy, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, AustraliaSchool of Health, Medical & Applied Sciences, CQUniversity Australia, Bruce Hwy, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, AustraliaSchool of Health, Medical & Applied Sciences, CQUniversity Australia, Bruce Hwy, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, AustraliaSchool of Health, Medical & Applied Sciences, CQUniversity Australia, Bruce Hwy, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, AustraliaSchool of Health, Medical & Applied Sciences, CQUniversity Australia, Bruce Hwy, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, AustraliaSchool of Health, Medical & Applied Sciences, CQUniversity Australia, Bruce Hwy, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, AustraliaSchool of Health, Medical & Applied Sciences, CQUniversity Australia, Bruce Hwy, Rockhampton, QLD 4702, AustraliaSesame is an emerging crop of interest in Australia and has attracted widespread interest due to the health-benefitting properties of its bioactive compounds, including fatty acids, lignans, and polyphenols. This study aimed to investigate the impact of drought stress on these bioactive compounds, using eleven cultivars of black sesame seeds grown in Australia. Specific varieties responded positively to water deficit (WD) conditions, showing increased levels of TPC, FRAP, CUPRAC, and lignans. Varieties 1, 4, 7, and 12 showed significantly increased FRAP values ranging from 158.02 ± 10.43 to 195.22 ± 9.63 mg TE/100 g DW in the WD treatment compared to the well-watered (WW) treatment, whereas varieties 7, 10, 12, 13, and 18 demonstrated the highest CUPRAC values of all varieties (2584.86 ± 99.68–2969.56 ± 159.72 mg TE/100 g) across both WW and WD conditions, with no significant variations between irrigation regimes. Moreover, lignan contents (sesamin and sesamolin) were higher in varieties 1, 2, 5, and 8 grown in WD conditions. Compared to the optimal unsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio (Σ UFA/Σ SFA ratio) of 0.45, all sesame genotypes showed superior ratios (ranging between 1.86 and 2.34). Moreover, the ω-6/ω-3 PUFA ratio varied from 33.7–65.5, with lower ratios in varieties 2, 4, 5, 8, and 18 under WD conditions. The high levels of phenolic compounds and healthy fats suggest the potential of black sesame to be incorporated into diets as a functional food. Furthermore, the enhanced phytochemistry of these cultivars in WD conditions is promising for widespread adoption. However, larger trial studies to confirm these findings across different geographic locations and seasons are warranted.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/6/793antioxidant activitycupric ion-reducing antioxidant capacityfatty acidsferric-reducing antioxidant powerlignansphytochemicals |
| spellingShingle | Beatriz E. Hoyos Joel B. Johnson Janice S. Mani Ryan J. Batley Tieneke Trotter Surya P. Bhattarai Mani Naiker The Effect of Water Stress on Bioactive Compounds in Australian-Grown Black Sesame Plants antioxidant activity cupric ion-reducing antioxidant capacity fatty acids ferric-reducing antioxidant power lignans phytochemicals |
| title | The Effect of Water Stress on Bioactive Compounds in Australian-Grown Black Sesame |
| title_full | The Effect of Water Stress on Bioactive Compounds in Australian-Grown Black Sesame |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of Water Stress on Bioactive Compounds in Australian-Grown Black Sesame |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Water Stress on Bioactive Compounds in Australian-Grown Black Sesame |
| title_short | The Effect of Water Stress on Bioactive Compounds in Australian-Grown Black Sesame |
| title_sort | effect of water stress on bioactive compounds in australian grown black sesame |
| topic | antioxidant activity cupric ion-reducing antioxidant capacity fatty acids ferric-reducing antioxidant power lignans phytochemicals |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/6/793 |
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