Breast cancer risk factors and mammographic density among 12518 average-risk women in rural China
Abstract Background Mammographic density (MD) is a strong risk factor for breast cancer. We aimed to evaluate the association between MD and breast cancer related risk factors among average-risk women in rural China. Methods This is a population-based screening study. 12518 women aged 45–64 years wi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-10-01
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| Series: | BMC Cancer |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-023-11444-7 |
| _version_ | 1797452295013662720 |
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| author | Huijiao Yan Wenhui Ren Mengmeng Jia Peng Xue Zhifang Li Shaokai Zhang Lichun He Youlin Qiao |
| author_facet | Huijiao Yan Wenhui Ren Mengmeng Jia Peng Xue Zhifang Li Shaokai Zhang Lichun He Youlin Qiao |
| author_sort | Huijiao Yan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Mammographic density (MD) is a strong risk factor for breast cancer. We aimed to evaluate the association between MD and breast cancer related risk factors among average-risk women in rural China. Methods This is a population-based screening study. 12518 women aged 45–64 years with complete MD data from three maternal and childcare hospitals in China were included in the final analysis. ORs and 95%CIs were estimated using generalized logit model by comparing each higher MD (BI-RADS b, c, d) to the lowest group (BI-RADS a). The cumulative logistic regression model was used to estimate the OR trend (95%CI) and P trend by treating MD as an ordinal variable. Results Older age (ORtrend = 0.81, 95%CI: 0.79–0.81, per 2-year increase), higher BMI (ORtrend = 0.73, 95%CI: 0.71–0.75, per 2 kg/m2), more births (ORtrend = 0.47, 95%CI: 0.41–0.54, 3 + vs. 0–1), postmenopausal status (ORtrend = 0.42, 95%CI: 0.38–0.46) were associated with lower MD. For parous women, longer duration of breastfeeding was found to be associated with higher MD when adjusting for study site, age, BMI, and age of first full-term birth (ORtrend = 1.53, 95%CI: 1.27–1.85, 25 + months vs. no breastfeeding; ORtrend = 1.45, 95%CI: 1.20–1.75, 19–24 months vs. no breastfeeding), however, the association became non-significant when adjusting all covariates. Associations between examined risk factors and MD were similar in premenopausal and postmenopausal women except for level of education and oral hormone drug usage. Higher education was only found to be associated with an increased proportion of dense breasts in postmenopausal women (ORtrend = 1.08, 95%CI: 1.02–1.15). Premenopausal women who ever used oral hormone drug were less likely to have dense breasts, though the difference was marginally significant (OR = 0.54, P = 0.045). In postmenopausal women, we also found the proportion of dense breasts increased with age at menopause (ORtrend = 1.31, 95%CI: 1.21–1.43). Conclusions In Chinese women with average risk for breast cancer, we found MD was associated with age, BMI, menopausal status, lactation, and age at menopausal. This finding may help to understand the etiology of breast cancer and have implications for breast cancer prevention in China. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:05:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-33d5c112c8f84e5b899c0b2b68b8889a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2407 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:05:42Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
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| series | BMC Cancer |
| spelling | doaj.art-33d5c112c8f84e5b899c0b2b68b8889a2023-11-26T13:37:26ZengBMCBMC Cancer1471-24072023-10-0123111210.1186/s12885-023-11444-7Breast cancer risk factors and mammographic density among 12518 average-risk women in rural ChinaHuijiao Yan0Wenhui Ren1Mengmeng Jia2Peng Xue3Zhifang Li4Shaokai Zhang5Lichun He6Youlin Qiao7School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeSchool of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeSchool of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeChangzhi Medical CollegeDepartment of Cancer Epidemiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center of Cancer Prevention and Control, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cancer PreventionMianyang Maternal & Child Health Care Hospital, Mianyang Children’s HospitalSchool of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeAbstract Background Mammographic density (MD) is a strong risk factor for breast cancer. We aimed to evaluate the association between MD and breast cancer related risk factors among average-risk women in rural China. Methods This is a population-based screening study. 12518 women aged 45–64 years with complete MD data from three maternal and childcare hospitals in China were included in the final analysis. ORs and 95%CIs were estimated using generalized logit model by comparing each higher MD (BI-RADS b, c, d) to the lowest group (BI-RADS a). The cumulative logistic regression model was used to estimate the OR trend (95%CI) and P trend by treating MD as an ordinal variable. Results Older age (ORtrend = 0.81, 95%CI: 0.79–0.81, per 2-year increase), higher BMI (ORtrend = 0.73, 95%CI: 0.71–0.75, per 2 kg/m2), more births (ORtrend = 0.47, 95%CI: 0.41–0.54, 3 + vs. 0–1), postmenopausal status (ORtrend = 0.42, 95%CI: 0.38–0.46) were associated with lower MD. For parous women, longer duration of breastfeeding was found to be associated with higher MD when adjusting for study site, age, BMI, and age of first full-term birth (ORtrend = 1.53, 95%CI: 1.27–1.85, 25 + months vs. no breastfeeding; ORtrend = 1.45, 95%CI: 1.20–1.75, 19–24 months vs. no breastfeeding), however, the association became non-significant when adjusting all covariates. Associations between examined risk factors and MD were similar in premenopausal and postmenopausal women except for level of education and oral hormone drug usage. Higher education was only found to be associated with an increased proportion of dense breasts in postmenopausal women (ORtrend = 1.08, 95%CI: 1.02–1.15). Premenopausal women who ever used oral hormone drug were less likely to have dense breasts, though the difference was marginally significant (OR = 0.54, P = 0.045). In postmenopausal women, we also found the proportion of dense breasts increased with age at menopause (ORtrend = 1.31, 95%CI: 1.21–1.43). Conclusions In Chinese women with average risk for breast cancer, we found MD was associated with age, BMI, menopausal status, lactation, and age at menopausal. This finding may help to understand the etiology of breast cancer and have implications for breast cancer prevention in China.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-023-11444-7Mammographic densityRisk factorBreast cancer |
| spellingShingle | Huijiao Yan Wenhui Ren Mengmeng Jia Peng Xue Zhifang Li Shaokai Zhang Lichun He Youlin Qiao Breast cancer risk factors and mammographic density among 12518 average-risk women in rural China BMC Cancer Mammographic density Risk factor Breast cancer |
| title | Breast cancer risk factors and mammographic density among 12518 average-risk women in rural China |
| title_full | Breast cancer risk factors and mammographic density among 12518 average-risk women in rural China |
| title_fullStr | Breast cancer risk factors and mammographic density among 12518 average-risk women in rural China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Breast cancer risk factors and mammographic density among 12518 average-risk women in rural China |
| title_short | Breast cancer risk factors and mammographic density among 12518 average-risk women in rural China |
| title_sort | breast cancer risk factors and mammographic density among 12518 average risk women in rural china |
| topic | Mammographic density Risk factor Breast cancer |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-023-11444-7 |
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