Regulation of Leaderless mRNA Translation in Bacteria
In bacteria, the translation of genetic information can begin through at least three different mechanisms: canonical or Shine-Dalgarno-led initiation, readthrough or 70S scanning initiation, or leaderless initiation. Here, we discuss the main features and regulation of the last, which is characteriz...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/4/723 |
| _version_ | 1797444763925872640 |
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| author | Lorenzo Eugenio Leiva Assaf Katz |
| author_facet | Lorenzo Eugenio Leiva Assaf Katz |
| author_sort | Lorenzo Eugenio Leiva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In bacteria, the translation of genetic information can begin through at least three different mechanisms: canonical or Shine-Dalgarno-led initiation, readthrough or 70S scanning initiation, or leaderless initiation. Here, we discuss the main features and regulation of the last, which is characterized mainly by the ability of 70S ribosomal particles to bind to AUG located at or near the 5′ end of mRNAs to initiate translation. These leaderless mRNAs (lmRNAs) are rare in enterobacteria, such as <i>Escherichia coli</i>, but are common in other bacteria, such as <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> and <i>Deinococcus deserti,</i> where they may represent more than 20% and even up to 60% of the genes. Given that lmRNAs are devoid of a 5′ untranslated region and the Shine-Dalgarno sequence located within it, the mechanism of translation regulation must depend on molecular strategies that are different from what has been observed in the Shine-Dalgarno-led translation. Diverse regulatory mechanisms have been proposed, including the processing of ribosomal RNA and changes in the abundance of translation factors, but all of them produce global changes in the initiation of lmRNA translation. Thus, further research will be required to understand how the initiation of the translation of particular lmRNA genes is regulated. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:16:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-33f0a1426e2844ba983b9b5ac4f58157 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:16:14Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-33f0a1426e2844ba983b9b5ac4f581572023-11-30T21:34:57ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072022-03-0110472310.3390/microorganisms10040723Regulation of Leaderless mRNA Translation in BacteriaLorenzo Eugenio Leiva0Assaf Katz1Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, ChilePrograma de Biología Celular y Molecular, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, ChileIn bacteria, the translation of genetic information can begin through at least three different mechanisms: canonical or Shine-Dalgarno-led initiation, readthrough or 70S scanning initiation, or leaderless initiation. Here, we discuss the main features and regulation of the last, which is characterized mainly by the ability of 70S ribosomal particles to bind to AUG located at or near the 5′ end of mRNAs to initiate translation. These leaderless mRNAs (lmRNAs) are rare in enterobacteria, such as <i>Escherichia coli</i>, but are common in other bacteria, such as <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> and <i>Deinococcus deserti,</i> where they may represent more than 20% and even up to 60% of the genes. Given that lmRNAs are devoid of a 5′ untranslated region and the Shine-Dalgarno sequence located within it, the mechanism of translation regulation must depend on molecular strategies that are different from what has been observed in the Shine-Dalgarno-led translation. Diverse regulatory mechanisms have been proposed, including the processing of ribosomal RNA and changes in the abundance of translation factors, but all of them produce global changes in the initiation of lmRNA translation. Thus, further research will be required to understand how the initiation of the translation of particular lmRNA genes is regulated.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/4/723leaderless mRNAlmRNAbacterial translationexpression controltranslation regulation |
| spellingShingle | Lorenzo Eugenio Leiva Assaf Katz Regulation of Leaderless mRNA Translation in Bacteria Microorganisms leaderless mRNA lmRNA bacterial translation expression control translation regulation |
| title | Regulation of Leaderless mRNA Translation in Bacteria |
| title_full | Regulation of Leaderless mRNA Translation in Bacteria |
| title_fullStr | Regulation of Leaderless mRNA Translation in Bacteria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regulation of Leaderless mRNA Translation in Bacteria |
| title_short | Regulation of Leaderless mRNA Translation in Bacteria |
| title_sort | regulation of leaderless mrna translation in bacteria |
| topic | leaderless mRNA lmRNA bacterial translation expression control translation regulation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/4/723 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lorenzoeugenioleiva regulationofleaderlessmrnatranslationinbacteria AT assafkatz regulationofleaderlessmrnatranslationinbacteria |