Analytical Chemistry of Impurities in Amino Acids Used as Nutrients: Recommendations for Regulatory Risk Management
Proteinogenic amino acids are natural nutrients ingested daily from standard foods. Commercially manufactured amino acids are added to a wide range of nutritional products, including dietary supplements and regular foods. Currently, the regulatory risk management of amino acids is conducted by means...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/14/2838 |
| _version_ | 1797444627462094848 |
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| author | Sachise Karakawa Miro Smriga Naoko Arashida Akira Nakayama Hiroshi Miyano |
| author_facet | Sachise Karakawa Miro Smriga Naoko Arashida Akira Nakayama Hiroshi Miyano |
| author_sort | Sachise Karakawa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Proteinogenic amino acids are natural nutrients ingested daily from standard foods. Commercially manufactured amino acids are added to a wide range of nutritional products, including dietary supplements and regular foods. Currently, the regulatory risk management of amino acids is conducted by means of setting daily maximum limits of intake. However, there have been no reported adverse effects of amino acid overdosing, while impurities in low-quality amino acids have been identified as causative agents in several health hazard events. This paper reviews the analytical chemistry of impurities in amino acids and highlights major variations in the purity of commercial products. Furthermore, it examines the international standards and global regulatory risk assessment of amino acids utilized in dietary supplements and foods, recommending (1) further research on analytical methods that can comprehensively separate impurities in amino acids, and (2) re-focusing on the regulatory risk management of amino acids to the analytical chemistry of impurities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:14:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-33f98048ae654401aad3b9e7a5feddb9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:14:21Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-33f98048ae654401aad3b9e7a5feddb92023-11-30T21:37:27ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432022-07-011414283810.3390/nu14142838Analytical Chemistry of Impurities in Amino Acids Used as Nutrients: Recommendations for Regulatory Risk ManagementSachise Karakawa0Miro Smriga1Naoko Arashida2Akira Nakayama3Hiroshi Miyano4Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki 210-8681, JapanQuality Assurance Department, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Tokyo 104-8315, JapanResearch Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki 210-8681, JapanResearch Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki 210-8681, JapanResearch Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki 210-8681, JapanProteinogenic amino acids are natural nutrients ingested daily from standard foods. Commercially manufactured amino acids are added to a wide range of nutritional products, including dietary supplements and regular foods. Currently, the regulatory risk management of amino acids is conducted by means of setting daily maximum limits of intake. However, there have been no reported adverse effects of amino acid overdosing, while impurities in low-quality amino acids have been identified as causative agents in several health hazard events. This paper reviews the analytical chemistry of impurities in amino acids and highlights major variations in the purity of commercial products. Furthermore, it examines the international standards and global regulatory risk assessment of amino acids utilized in dietary supplements and foods, recommending (1) further research on analytical methods that can comprehensively separate impurities in amino acids, and (2) re-focusing on the regulatory risk management of amino acids to the analytical chemistry of impurities.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/14/2838amino acidspurityanalytical chemistryinternational regulationsrisk management |
| spellingShingle | Sachise Karakawa Miro Smriga Naoko Arashida Akira Nakayama Hiroshi Miyano Analytical Chemistry of Impurities in Amino Acids Used as Nutrients: Recommendations for Regulatory Risk Management Nutrients amino acids purity analytical chemistry international regulations risk management |
| title | Analytical Chemistry of Impurities in Amino Acids Used as Nutrients: Recommendations for Regulatory Risk Management |
| title_full | Analytical Chemistry of Impurities in Amino Acids Used as Nutrients: Recommendations for Regulatory Risk Management |
| title_fullStr | Analytical Chemistry of Impurities in Amino Acids Used as Nutrients: Recommendations for Regulatory Risk Management |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analytical Chemistry of Impurities in Amino Acids Used as Nutrients: Recommendations for Regulatory Risk Management |
| title_short | Analytical Chemistry of Impurities in Amino Acids Used as Nutrients: Recommendations for Regulatory Risk Management |
| title_sort | analytical chemistry of impurities in amino acids used as nutrients recommendations for regulatory risk management |
| topic | amino acids purity analytical chemistry international regulations risk management |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/14/2838 |
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