<i>In Vivo</i> Hypolipidemic Effects and Antioxidant Capacity of <i>Pinus morrisonicola</i> Hay Extracts by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction
<i>Pinus morrisonicola</i> hay (PM) is a pine tree unique to Taiwan, whose needles are used as traditional medicine and as functional drink. PME3-1 was made using supercritical extraction to evaluate the prevention of hyperlipidemia. This study explored the hypolipidemic effect of PME3-1...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Agriculture |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/3/535 |
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| author | Ying-Jang Lai Ming-Ching Cheng Hsin-Chun Chen Chien-Lin Chen Tuzz-Ying Song |
| author_facet | Ying-Jang Lai Ming-Ching Cheng Hsin-Chun Chen Chien-Lin Chen Tuzz-Ying Song |
| author_sort | Ying-Jang Lai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Pinus morrisonicola</i> hay (PM) is a pine tree unique to Taiwan, whose needles are used as traditional medicine and as functional drink. PME3-1 was made using supercritical extraction to evaluate the prevention of hyperlipidemia. This study explored the hypolipidemic effect of PME3-1 on hamsters on a high fat and cholesterol (HFC) diet. Three groups of hamsters were fed with PME3-1 (0.2, 1.0, and 5.0 mg/kg bw). After feeding for eight weeks, PME3-1 reduced the serum cholesterol, triglyceride levels, the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL/HDL) ratio, and the swelling of the liver and kidney significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In addition, feeding the hamsters with 5.0 mg/kg bw of PME3-1 could significantly reduce their total lipid (TL) content, total cholesterol (TC) content, total triglyceride (TG) content, and the HMG-CoA reductase activity in the liver (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Meanwhile, the antioxidant enzymes in the liver, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S-transferase (GST), can also improve, promoting the excretion of triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) in the feces (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Therefore, these results confirm that PME3-1 hypolipidemic and antioxidant regulating functions <i>in vivo</i>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:04:38Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0472 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:04:38Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Agriculture |
| spelling | doaj.art-3409383828c64cb1a7bc8012c9de6bc52023-11-17T08:59:49ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722023-02-0113353510.3390/agriculture13030535<i>In Vivo</i> Hypolipidemic Effects and Antioxidant Capacity of <i>Pinus morrisonicola</i> Hay Extracts by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ExtractionYing-Jang Lai0Ming-Ching Cheng1Hsin-Chun Chen2Chien-Lin Chen3Tuzz-Ying Song4Department of Food Science, National Quemoy University, Jinning Township, Kinmen County 892, TaiwanDepartment of Health Food, Chung Chou University of Science and Technology, Changhua 510, TaiwanDepartment of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 406, TaiwanDepartment of Medicinal Botanicals and Foods on Health Applications, Da-Yeh University, Changhua 515, TaiwanDepartment of Medicinal Botanicals and Foods on Health Applications, Da-Yeh University, Changhua 515, Taiwan<i>Pinus morrisonicola</i> hay (PM) is a pine tree unique to Taiwan, whose needles are used as traditional medicine and as functional drink. PME3-1 was made using supercritical extraction to evaluate the prevention of hyperlipidemia. This study explored the hypolipidemic effect of PME3-1 on hamsters on a high fat and cholesterol (HFC) diet. Three groups of hamsters were fed with PME3-1 (0.2, 1.0, and 5.0 mg/kg bw). After feeding for eight weeks, PME3-1 reduced the serum cholesterol, triglyceride levels, the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL/HDL) ratio, and the swelling of the liver and kidney significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In addition, feeding the hamsters with 5.0 mg/kg bw of PME3-1 could significantly reduce their total lipid (TL) content, total cholesterol (TC) content, total triglyceride (TG) content, and the HMG-CoA reductase activity in the liver (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Meanwhile, the antioxidant enzymes in the liver, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S-transferase (GST), can also improve, promoting the excretion of triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) in the feces (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Therefore, these results confirm that PME3-1 hypolipidemic and antioxidant regulating functions <i>in vivo</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/3/535high fat and cholesterol dietatherosclerotic indexlipid peroxidation productreactive oxygen speciesHMG-CoA reductase |
| spellingShingle | Ying-Jang Lai Ming-Ching Cheng Hsin-Chun Chen Chien-Lin Chen Tuzz-Ying Song <i>In Vivo</i> Hypolipidemic Effects and Antioxidant Capacity of <i>Pinus morrisonicola</i> Hay Extracts by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction Agriculture high fat and cholesterol diet atherosclerotic index lipid peroxidation product reactive oxygen species HMG-CoA reductase |
| title | <i>In Vivo</i> Hypolipidemic Effects and Antioxidant Capacity of <i>Pinus morrisonicola</i> Hay Extracts by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction |
| title_full | <i>In Vivo</i> Hypolipidemic Effects and Antioxidant Capacity of <i>Pinus morrisonicola</i> Hay Extracts by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction |
| title_fullStr | <i>In Vivo</i> Hypolipidemic Effects and Antioxidant Capacity of <i>Pinus morrisonicola</i> Hay Extracts by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>In Vivo</i> Hypolipidemic Effects and Antioxidant Capacity of <i>Pinus morrisonicola</i> Hay Extracts by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction |
| title_short | <i>In Vivo</i> Hypolipidemic Effects and Antioxidant Capacity of <i>Pinus morrisonicola</i> Hay Extracts by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction |
| title_sort | i in vivo i hypolipidemic effects and antioxidant capacity of i pinus morrisonicola i hay extracts by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction |
| topic | high fat and cholesterol diet atherosclerotic index lipid peroxidation product reactive oxygen species HMG-CoA reductase |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/13/3/535 |
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