Revolatilisation of soil-accumulated pollutants triggered by the summer monsoon in India
<p>Persistent organic pollutants that have accumulated in soils can be remobilised by volatilisation in response to chemical equilibrium with the atmosphere. Clean air masses from the Indian Ocean, advected with the onset of the summer monsoon, are found to reduce concentrations of hexachl...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2018-08-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/18/11031/2018/acp-18-11031-2018.pdf |
| _version_ | 1819078314540662784 |
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| author | G. Lammel G. Lammel C. Degrendele S. S. Gunthe Q. Mu A. Muthalagu O. Audy C. V. Biju P. Kukučka M. D. Mulder M. Octaviani P. Příbylová P. Shahpoury I. Stemmler A. E. Valsan |
| author_facet | G. Lammel G. Lammel C. Degrendele S. S. Gunthe Q. Mu A. Muthalagu O. Audy C. V. Biju P. Kukučka M. D. Mulder M. Octaviani P. Příbylová P. Shahpoury I. Stemmler A. E. Valsan |
| author_sort | G. Lammel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Persistent organic pollutants that have accumulated in soils can be
remobilised by volatilisation in response to chemical equilibrium with the
atmosphere. Clean air masses from the Indian Ocean, advected with the onset
of the summer monsoon, are found to reduce concentrations of
hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its
derivatives, endosulfan and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in air at a
mountain site (all in the range 5–20 pg m<sup>−3</sup>) by 77 %, 70 %, 82 % and 45 %,
respectively. The analysis of fugacities in soil and air suggest that the
arrival of summer monsoon triggers net volatilisation or enhances ongoing
revolatilisation of the now-banned chemicals HCH and PCBs from
background soils in southern India. The response of the air–soil exchange was
modelled using a regional air pollution model, WRF-Chem PAH/POP. The results
suggest that the air is increasingly polluted during transport by the
south-westerly monsoon winds across the subcontinent. Using a multidecadal
multimedia mass balance model, it is found that air–surface exchange of HCH
and DDT have declined since the ban of these substances from agriculture, but
remobilisation of higher chlorinated PCBs may have reached a historical
high, 40 years after peak emission.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T19:11:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-34173cb7af514507aaec43a0d9405bd0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T19:11:08Z |
| publishDate | 2018-08-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-34173cb7af514507aaec43a0d9405bd02022-12-21T18:53:12ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242018-08-0118110311104010.5194/acp-18-11031-2018Revolatilisation of soil-accumulated pollutants triggered by the summer monsoon in IndiaG. Lammel0G. Lammel1C. Degrendele2S. S. Gunthe3Q. Mu4A. Muthalagu5O. Audy6C. V. Biju7P. Kukučka8M. D. Mulder9M. Octaviani10P. Příbylová11P. Shahpoury12I. Stemmler13A. E. Valsan14Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Multiphase Chemistry Department, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, 55128 Mainz, GermanyMasaryk University, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech RepublicMasaryk University, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech RepublicIndian Institute of Technology Madras, Environmental and Water Resources Engineering Division, Chennai 600036, IndiaMax Planck Institute for Chemistry, Multiphase Chemistry Department, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, 55128 Mainz, GermanyIndian Institute of Technology Madras, Environmental and Water Resources Engineering Division, Chennai 600036, IndiaMasaryk University, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech RepublicCollege of Engineering Munnar, Department of Civil Engineering, P. B. No. 45, County Hills, Munnar 685612, IndiaMasaryk University, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech RepublicMasaryk University, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech RepublicMax Planck Institute for Chemistry, Multiphase Chemistry Department, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, 55128 Mainz, GermanyMasaryk University, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech RepublicMax Planck Institute for Chemistry, Multiphase Chemistry Department, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, 55128 Mainz, GermanyMax Planck Institute for Meteorology, Ocean in the Earth System Department, Bundesstr. 53, 20146 Hamburg, GermanyIndian Institute of Technology Madras, Environmental and Water Resources Engineering Division, Chennai 600036, India<p>Persistent organic pollutants that have accumulated in soils can be remobilised by volatilisation in response to chemical equilibrium with the atmosphere. Clean air masses from the Indian Ocean, advected with the onset of the summer monsoon, are found to reduce concentrations of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its derivatives, endosulfan and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in air at a mountain site (all in the range 5–20 pg m<sup>−3</sup>) by 77 %, 70 %, 82 % and 45 %, respectively. The analysis of fugacities in soil and air suggest that the arrival of summer monsoon triggers net volatilisation or enhances ongoing revolatilisation of the now-banned chemicals HCH and PCBs from background soils in southern India. The response of the air–soil exchange was modelled using a regional air pollution model, WRF-Chem PAH/POP. The results suggest that the air is increasingly polluted during transport by the south-westerly monsoon winds across the subcontinent. Using a multidecadal multimedia mass balance model, it is found that air–surface exchange of HCH and DDT have declined since the ban of these substances from agriculture, but remobilisation of higher chlorinated PCBs may have reached a historical high, 40 years after peak emission.</p>https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/18/11031/2018/acp-18-11031-2018.pdf |
| spellingShingle | G. Lammel G. Lammel C. Degrendele S. S. Gunthe Q. Mu A. Muthalagu O. Audy C. V. Biju P. Kukučka M. D. Mulder M. Octaviani P. Příbylová P. Shahpoury I. Stemmler A. E. Valsan Revolatilisation of soil-accumulated pollutants triggered by the summer monsoon in India Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| title | Revolatilisation of soil-accumulated pollutants triggered by the summer monsoon in India |
| title_full | Revolatilisation of soil-accumulated pollutants triggered by the summer monsoon in India |
| title_fullStr | Revolatilisation of soil-accumulated pollutants triggered by the summer monsoon in India |
| title_full_unstemmed | Revolatilisation of soil-accumulated pollutants triggered by the summer monsoon in India |
| title_short | Revolatilisation of soil-accumulated pollutants triggered by the summer monsoon in India |
| title_sort | revolatilisation of soil accumulated pollutants triggered by the summer monsoon in india |
| url | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/18/11031/2018/acp-18-11031-2018.pdf |
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