Extracellular Vesicles: A New Source of Biomarkers in Pediatric Solid Tumors? A Systematic Review
Virtually every cell in the body releases extracellular vesicles (EVs), the contents of which can provide a “fingerprint” of their cellular origin. EVs are present in all bodily fluids and can be obtained using minimally invasive techniques. Thus, EVs can provide a promising source of diagnostic, pr...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Oncology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.887210/full |
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| author | Nathalie S. M. Lak Nathalie S. M. Lak Elvera J. van der Kooi Agustin Enciso-Martinez Estefanía Lozano-Andrés Cees Otto Marca H. M. Wauben Godelieve A. M. Tytgat Godelieve A. M. Tytgat |
| author_facet | Nathalie S. M. Lak Nathalie S. M. Lak Elvera J. van der Kooi Agustin Enciso-Martinez Estefanía Lozano-Andrés Cees Otto Marca H. M. Wauben Godelieve A. M. Tytgat Godelieve A. M. Tytgat |
| author_sort | Nathalie S. M. Lak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Virtually every cell in the body releases extracellular vesicles (EVs), the contents of which can provide a “fingerprint” of their cellular origin. EVs are present in all bodily fluids and can be obtained using minimally invasive techniques. Thus, EVs can provide a promising source of diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers, particularly in the context of cancer. Despite advances using EVs as biomarkers in adult cancers, little is known regarding their use in pediatric cancers. In this review, we provide an overview of published clinical and in vitro studies in order to assess the potential of using EV-derived biomarkers in pediatric solid tumors. We performed a systematic literature search, which yielded studies regarding desmoplastic small round cell tumor, hepatoblastoma, neuroblastoma, osteosarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma. We then determined the extent to which the in vivo findings are supported by in vitro data, and vice versa. We also critically evaluated the clinical studies using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) system, and we evaluated the purification and characterization of EVs in both the in vivo and in vitro studies in accordance with MISEV guidelines, yielding EV-TRACK and PedEV scores. We found that several studies identified similar miRNAs in overlapping and distinct tumor entities, indicating the potential for EV-derived biomarkers. However, most studies regarding EV-based biomarkers in pediatric solid tumors lack a standardized system of reporting their EV purification and characterization methods, as well as validation in an independent cohort, which are needed in order to bring EV-based biomarkers to the clinic. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T09:04:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-341e4e2084a6480d85695951bbdadc71 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2234-943X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T09:04:25Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Oncology |
| spelling | doaj.art-341e4e2084a6480d85695951bbdadc712022-12-22T00:29:43ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Oncology2234-943X2022-05-011210.3389/fonc.2022.887210887210Extracellular Vesicles: A New Source of Biomarkers in Pediatric Solid Tumors? A Systematic ReviewNathalie S. M. Lak0Nathalie S. M. Lak1Elvera J. van der Kooi2Agustin Enciso-Martinez3Estefanía Lozano-Andrés4Cees Otto5Marca H. M. Wauben6Godelieve A. M. Tytgat7Godelieve A. M. Tytgat8Research Department, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, NetherlandsDepartment of Experimental Immunohematology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, NetherlandsDepartment of Experimental Immunohematology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, NetherlandsMedical Cell Biophysics Group, University of Twente, Enschede, NetherlandsDepartment of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, NetherlandsMedical Cell Biophysics Group, University of Twente, Enschede, NetherlandsDepartment of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, NetherlandsResearch Department, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, NetherlandsDepartment of Experimental Immunohematology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, NetherlandsVirtually every cell in the body releases extracellular vesicles (EVs), the contents of which can provide a “fingerprint” of their cellular origin. EVs are present in all bodily fluids and can be obtained using minimally invasive techniques. Thus, EVs can provide a promising source of diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers, particularly in the context of cancer. Despite advances using EVs as biomarkers in adult cancers, little is known regarding their use in pediatric cancers. In this review, we provide an overview of published clinical and in vitro studies in order to assess the potential of using EV-derived biomarkers in pediatric solid tumors. We performed a systematic literature search, which yielded studies regarding desmoplastic small round cell tumor, hepatoblastoma, neuroblastoma, osteosarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma. We then determined the extent to which the in vivo findings are supported by in vitro data, and vice versa. We also critically evaluated the clinical studies using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) system, and we evaluated the purification and characterization of EVs in both the in vivo and in vitro studies in accordance with MISEV guidelines, yielding EV-TRACK and PedEV scores. We found that several studies identified similar miRNAs in overlapping and distinct tumor entities, indicating the potential for EV-derived biomarkers. However, most studies regarding EV-based biomarkers in pediatric solid tumors lack a standardized system of reporting their EV purification and characterization methods, as well as validation in an independent cohort, which are needed in order to bring EV-based biomarkers to the clinic.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.887210/fullpediatric oncologysolid tumorsextracellular vesiclesneuroblastomarhabdomyosarcomaosteosarcoma |
| spellingShingle | Nathalie S. M. Lak Nathalie S. M. Lak Elvera J. van der Kooi Agustin Enciso-Martinez Estefanía Lozano-Andrés Cees Otto Marca H. M. Wauben Godelieve A. M. Tytgat Godelieve A. M. Tytgat Extracellular Vesicles: A New Source of Biomarkers in Pediatric Solid Tumors? A Systematic Review Frontiers in Oncology pediatric oncology solid tumors extracellular vesicles neuroblastoma rhabdomyosarcoma osteosarcoma |
| title | Extracellular Vesicles: A New Source of Biomarkers in Pediatric Solid Tumors? A Systematic Review |
| title_full | Extracellular Vesicles: A New Source of Biomarkers in Pediatric Solid Tumors? A Systematic Review |
| title_fullStr | Extracellular Vesicles: A New Source of Biomarkers in Pediatric Solid Tumors? A Systematic Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extracellular Vesicles: A New Source of Biomarkers in Pediatric Solid Tumors? A Systematic Review |
| title_short | Extracellular Vesicles: A New Source of Biomarkers in Pediatric Solid Tumors? A Systematic Review |
| title_sort | extracellular vesicles a new source of biomarkers in pediatric solid tumors a systematic review |
| topic | pediatric oncology solid tumors extracellular vesicles neuroblastoma rhabdomyosarcoma osteosarcoma |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.887210/full |
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