Gaps and Interventions across the Diagnostic Care Cascade of TB Patients at the Level of Patient, Community and Health System: A Qualitative Review of the Literature
Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be one of the important public health concerns globally, and India is among the seven countries with the largest burden of TB. There has been a consistent increase in the notifications of TB cases across the globe. However, the 2018 estimates envisage a gap of about 30...
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/7/7/136 |
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| author | Harsh D Shah Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib Zahiruddin Quazi Syed Abhay M. Gaidhane Sandul Yasobant Kiran Narkhede Priya Bhavsar Jay Patel Anish Sinha Tapasvi Puwar Somen Saha Deepak Saxena |
| author_facet | Harsh D Shah Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib Zahiruddin Quazi Syed Abhay M. Gaidhane Sandul Yasobant Kiran Narkhede Priya Bhavsar Jay Patel Anish Sinha Tapasvi Puwar Somen Saha Deepak Saxena |
| author_sort | Harsh D Shah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be one of the important public health concerns globally, and India is among the seven countries with the largest burden of TB. There has been a consistent increase in the notifications of TB cases across the globe. However, the 2018 estimates envisage a gap of about 30% between the incident and notified cases of TB, indicating a significant number of patients who remain undiagnosed or ‘missed’. It is important to understand who is ‘missed’, find this population, and provide quality care. Given these complexities, we reviewed the diagnostic gaps in the care cascade for TB. We searched Medline via PubMed and CENTRAL databases via the Cochrane Library. The search strategy for PubMed was tailored to individual databases and was as: ((((((tuberculosis[Title/Abstract]) OR (TB[Title/Abstract])) OR (koch *[Title/Abstract])) OR (“tuberculosis”[MeSH Terms]))) AND (((diagnos *) AND (“diagnosis”[MeSH Terms])))). Furthermore, we screened the references list of the potentially relevant studies to seek additional studies. Studies retrieved from these electronic searches and relevant references included in the bibliography of those studies were reviewed. Original studies in English that assessed the causes of diagnostic gaps and interventions used to address them were included. Delays in diagnosis were found to be attributable to both the individuals’ and the health system’s capacity to diagnose and promptly commence treatment. This review provides insights into the diagnostic gaps in a cascade of care for TB and different interventions adopted in studies to close this gap. The major diagnostic gaps identified in this review are as follows: people may not have access to TB diagnostic tests, individuals are at a higher risk of missed diagnosis, services are available but people may not seek care with a diagnostic facility, and patients are not diagnosed despite reaching health facilities. Therefore, reaching the goal to End TB requires putting in place models and methods to provide prompt and quality assured diagnosis to populations at par. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:54:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-342e8141b5b84e089ed6cece5e04222d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2414-6366 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:54:40Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-342e8141b5b84e089ed6cece5e04222d2023-11-30T22:01:50ZengMDPI AGTropical Medicine and Infectious Disease2414-63662022-07-017713610.3390/tropicalmed7070136Gaps and Interventions across the Diagnostic Care Cascade of TB Patients at the Level of Patient, Community and Health System: A Qualitative Review of the LiteratureHarsh D Shah0Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib1Zahiruddin Quazi Syed2Abhay M. Gaidhane3Sandul Yasobant4Kiran Narkhede5Priya Bhavsar6Jay Patel7Anish Sinha8Tapasvi Puwar9Somen Saha10Deepak Saxena11Department of Public Health Science, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar (IIPHG), Gandhinagar 382042, IndiaGlobal Evidence Synthesis Initiative, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha 442004, IndiaGlobal Evidence Synthesis Initiative, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha 442004, IndiaGlobal Evidence Synthesis Initiative, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha 442004, IndiaDepartment of Public Health Science, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar (IIPHG), Gandhinagar 382042, IndiaDepartment of Public Health Science, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar (IIPHG), Gandhinagar 382042, IndiaDepartment of Public Health Science, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar (IIPHG), Gandhinagar 382042, IndiaDepartment of Public Health Science, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar (IIPHG), Gandhinagar 382042, IndiaDepartment of Public Health Science, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar (IIPHG), Gandhinagar 382042, IndiaDepartment of Public Health Science, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar (IIPHG), Gandhinagar 382042, IndiaDepartment of Public Health Science, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar (IIPHG), Gandhinagar 382042, IndiaDepartment of Public Health Science, Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar (IIPHG), Gandhinagar 382042, IndiaTuberculosis (TB) continues to be one of the important public health concerns globally, and India is among the seven countries with the largest burden of TB. There has been a consistent increase in the notifications of TB cases across the globe. However, the 2018 estimates envisage a gap of about 30% between the incident and notified cases of TB, indicating a significant number of patients who remain undiagnosed or ‘missed’. It is important to understand who is ‘missed’, find this population, and provide quality care. Given these complexities, we reviewed the diagnostic gaps in the care cascade for TB. We searched Medline via PubMed and CENTRAL databases via the Cochrane Library. The search strategy for PubMed was tailored to individual databases and was as: ((((((tuberculosis[Title/Abstract]) OR (TB[Title/Abstract])) OR (koch *[Title/Abstract])) OR (“tuberculosis”[MeSH Terms]))) AND (((diagnos *) AND (“diagnosis”[MeSH Terms])))). Furthermore, we screened the references list of the potentially relevant studies to seek additional studies. Studies retrieved from these electronic searches and relevant references included in the bibliography of those studies were reviewed. Original studies in English that assessed the causes of diagnostic gaps and interventions used to address them were included. Delays in diagnosis were found to be attributable to both the individuals’ and the health system’s capacity to diagnose and promptly commence treatment. This review provides insights into the diagnostic gaps in a cascade of care for TB and different interventions adopted in studies to close this gap. The major diagnostic gaps identified in this review are as follows: people may not have access to TB diagnostic tests, individuals are at a higher risk of missed diagnosis, services are available but people may not seek care with a diagnostic facility, and patients are not diagnosed despite reaching health facilities. Therefore, reaching the goal to End TB requires putting in place models and methods to provide prompt and quality assured diagnosis to populations at par.https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/7/7/136diagnostic gapscare cascadetuberculosisreview |
| spellingShingle | Harsh D Shah Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib Zahiruddin Quazi Syed Abhay M. Gaidhane Sandul Yasobant Kiran Narkhede Priya Bhavsar Jay Patel Anish Sinha Tapasvi Puwar Somen Saha Deepak Saxena Gaps and Interventions across the Diagnostic Care Cascade of TB Patients at the Level of Patient, Community and Health System: A Qualitative Review of the Literature Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease diagnostic gaps care cascade tuberculosis review |
| title | Gaps and Interventions across the Diagnostic Care Cascade of TB Patients at the Level of Patient, Community and Health System: A Qualitative Review of the Literature |
| title_full | Gaps and Interventions across the Diagnostic Care Cascade of TB Patients at the Level of Patient, Community and Health System: A Qualitative Review of the Literature |
| title_fullStr | Gaps and Interventions across the Diagnostic Care Cascade of TB Patients at the Level of Patient, Community and Health System: A Qualitative Review of the Literature |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gaps and Interventions across the Diagnostic Care Cascade of TB Patients at the Level of Patient, Community and Health System: A Qualitative Review of the Literature |
| title_short | Gaps and Interventions across the Diagnostic Care Cascade of TB Patients at the Level of Patient, Community and Health System: A Qualitative Review of the Literature |
| title_sort | gaps and interventions across the diagnostic care cascade of tb patients at the level of patient community and health system a qualitative review of the literature |
| topic | diagnostic gaps care cascade tuberculosis review |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2414-6366/7/7/136 |
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