| Summary: | The Kherlen Toono Mountain Natural Reserve has a unique natural formation that makes its flora and vegetation cover unique. This study aimed to prepare a species inventory of flora and conduct make visual assessments of the vegetation cover of Kherlen Toono Mountain. A total of 202 species belonging to 115 genera, 46 families, and 4 phyla (Equisetophyta, Polypodiophyta, Pinophyta, and Magnoliophyta) were recorded. During this study, a species [Vincetoxicum lanceolatum (Grubov) Grubov] was newly recorded in the vegetation of the Dundad Khalkh district. An endemic species, 7 subendemic species (4.9%), and 10 rare species (3.9%) were recorded in the study area, which comprised 8.9% of the total species. These species recordings indicated the unique flora of the Kherlen Toono Mountain region. Forb–khargana and needle grass–forb communities of 10 different communities were commonly recorded in the study area.
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