Monitoring the drug-sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum in coastal towns in Madagascar by use of in vitro chemosensitivity and mutation detection tests
The dissemination of mutant and resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum makes a considerable contribution to the spread of drug-resistant malaria. Populations around harbours and airports could be particularly exposed to Plasmodium isolates introduced with imported cases of malaria. The use of ch...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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EDP Sciences
2002-09-01
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| Series: | Parasite |
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| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2002093247 |
| _version_ | 1797430792187543552 |
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| author | Rason M.A. Ariey F. Rafidimanantsoa L. Andrianantenaina B.H. Sahondra Harisoa J.L. Randrianarivelojosia M. |
| author_facet | Rason M.A. Ariey F. Rafidimanantsoa L. Andrianantenaina B.H. Sahondra Harisoa J.L. Randrianarivelojosia M. |
| author_sort | Rason M.A. |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The dissemination of mutant and resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum makes a considerable contribution to the spread of drug-resistant malaria. Populations around harbours and airports could be particularly exposed to Plasmodium isolates introduced with imported cases of malaria. The use of chloroquine as well as the use of and sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine is currently an effective method for treating uncomplicated cases of malaria in Madagascar. As part of a monitoring programme, in vitro methods were used to assess the sensitivity of P. falciparum isolates in two coastal towns in Madagascar: Mahajanga on the west coast and Toamasina on the east coast. All of the isolates from both sites were sensitive to amodiaquine, quinine, pyrimethamine and cycloguanil. All of the isolates from Mahajanga were sensitive to chloroquine (n = 25; mean IC50 = 22.6 nM, 95 % confidence interval: 16.8-28.7 nM), whereas three of the isolates from Toamasina were resistant to chloroquine (n = 18; mean IC50 = 66.3 nM; 95 % confidence interval : 42.6-90 nM), The frequency of the Pfcrt Thr-76 and the dhfr Asn- 108 mutations was estimated by PCR/RFLP. The 43 P. falciparum isolates examined, including the three in vitro chloroquine-resistant isolates from Toamasina were all wild-type (Lys-76). Phenotyping and genotyping studies suggested that the prevalence of chloroquine- and pyrimethamine-resistant isolates and of mutant strains of P. falciparum is very low. These results showed that in vitro test and genotyping of resistance markers approaches could be successfully used to monitor the emergence of drug-resistant malaria and to try to alleviate the lack of medical teams able to carry out in vivo test. The possible hazard/risk associated with imported cases of malaria is discussed. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1252-607X 1776-1042 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:32:40Z |
| publishDate | 2002-09-01 |
| publisher | EDP Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Parasite |
| spelling | doaj.art-344cc29daf3b4eb0abab0bb36125a5ea2023-12-02T02:57:06ZengEDP SciencesParasite1252-607X1776-10422002-09-019324725310.1051/parasite/2002093247parasite2002093p247Monitoring the drug-sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum in coastal towns in Madagascar by use of in vitro chemosensitivity and mutation detection testsRason M.A.Ariey F.Rafidimanantsoa L.Andrianantenaina B.H.Sahondra Harisoa J.L.Randrianarivelojosia M.The dissemination of mutant and resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum makes a considerable contribution to the spread of drug-resistant malaria. Populations around harbours and airports could be particularly exposed to Plasmodium isolates introduced with imported cases of malaria. The use of chloroquine as well as the use of and sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine is currently an effective method for treating uncomplicated cases of malaria in Madagascar. As part of a monitoring programme, in vitro methods were used to assess the sensitivity of P. falciparum isolates in two coastal towns in Madagascar: Mahajanga on the west coast and Toamasina on the east coast. All of the isolates from both sites were sensitive to amodiaquine, quinine, pyrimethamine and cycloguanil. All of the isolates from Mahajanga were sensitive to chloroquine (n = 25; mean IC50 = 22.6 nM, 95 % confidence interval: 16.8-28.7 nM), whereas three of the isolates from Toamasina were resistant to chloroquine (n = 18; mean IC50 = 66.3 nM; 95 % confidence interval : 42.6-90 nM), The frequency of the Pfcrt Thr-76 and the dhfr Asn- 108 mutations was estimated by PCR/RFLP. The 43 P. falciparum isolates examined, including the three in vitro chloroquine-resistant isolates from Toamasina were all wild-type (Lys-76). Phenotyping and genotyping studies suggested that the prevalence of chloroquine- and pyrimethamine-resistant isolates and of mutant strains of P. falciparum is very low. These results showed that in vitro test and genotyping of resistance markers approaches could be successfully used to monitor the emergence of drug-resistant malaria and to try to alleviate the lack of medical teams able to carry out in vivo test. The possible hazard/risk associated with imported cases of malaria is discussed.http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2002093247Plasmodium falciparumresistanceDhfr Asn-108Picrt Thr-76Indian Ocean sub-regioncoastal townsMadagascar |
| spellingShingle | Rason M.A. Ariey F. Rafidimanantsoa L. Andrianantenaina B.H. Sahondra Harisoa J.L. Randrianarivelojosia M. Monitoring the drug-sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum in coastal towns in Madagascar by use of in vitro chemosensitivity and mutation detection tests Parasite Plasmodium falciparum resistance Dhfr Asn-108 Picrt Thr-76 Indian Ocean sub-region coastal towns Madagascar |
| title | Monitoring the drug-sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum in coastal towns in Madagascar by use of in vitro chemosensitivity and mutation detection tests |
| title_full | Monitoring the drug-sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum in coastal towns in Madagascar by use of in vitro chemosensitivity and mutation detection tests |
| title_fullStr | Monitoring the drug-sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum in coastal towns in Madagascar by use of in vitro chemosensitivity and mutation detection tests |
| title_full_unstemmed | Monitoring the drug-sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum in coastal towns in Madagascar by use of in vitro chemosensitivity and mutation detection tests |
| title_short | Monitoring the drug-sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum in coastal towns in Madagascar by use of in vitro chemosensitivity and mutation detection tests |
| title_sort | monitoring the drug sensitivity of plasmodium falciparum in coastal towns in madagascar by use of in vitro chemosensitivity and mutation detection tests |
| topic | Plasmodium falciparum resistance Dhfr Asn-108 Picrt Thr-76 Indian Ocean sub-region coastal towns Madagascar |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2002093247 |
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