Enhanced virulence of Fusarium species associated with spear rot of oil palm following recovery from osmotic stress
Fusarium spp., which are common inhabitants of oil palm leaves, are weak pathogens of common spear rot (CSR). We investigated the influence of osmotic stress on the growth, virulence, and activity of cell wall-degrading enzymes of CSR fungi, using potato dextrose agar (PDA) supplemented with KCl or...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2018-01-01
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| Series: | Mycology |
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| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21501203.2017.1336497 |
| _version_ | 1811237132894732288 |
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| author | Suwandi Suwandi Seishi Akino Norio Kondo |
| author_facet | Suwandi Suwandi Seishi Akino Norio Kondo |
| author_sort | Suwandi Suwandi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fusarium spp., which are common inhabitants of oil palm leaves, are weak pathogens of common spear rot (CSR). We investigated the influence of osmotic stress on the growth, virulence, and activity of cell wall-degrading enzymes of CSR fungi, using potato dextrose agar (PDA) supplemented with KCl or sucrose (hyperosmotic medium). Hyperosmotic stress significantly inhibited mycelial growth, but growth rapidly recovered when mycelia were transferred to control medium. When inoculated into oil palm spear leaflets, Fusarium sp., and F. incarnatum precultured on 1.0 and 1.5 M KCl-hyperosmotic medium induced lesions that were two to four times larger than those in non-stressed cultures, suggesting enhanced virulence of the weak pathogens. Lesion size was not greatly affected in hyperosmotic cultures of moderately virulent F. sacchari. No activity of pectin lyase was detected in liquid cultures of the Fusarium isolates. All isolates except F. incarnatum BT48 secreted polygalacturonase (PG), which was active in both liquid cultures and inoculated leaves. Significantly increased PG activity (5–32-fold) was observed on leaves inoculated with hyperosmotic cultures of Fusarium sp. and F. sacchari. These findings suggest that Fusarium sp., F. incarnatum, and F. sacchari exhibit an adaptive physiological plasticity to hyperosmotic stress that results in enhanced virulence. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T12:19:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3458408179d14d4f85988b24626471a0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2150-1203 2150-1211 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T12:19:43Z |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Mycology |
| spelling | doaj.art-3458408179d14d4f85988b24626471a02022-12-22T03:33:19ZengTaylor & Francis GroupMycology2150-12032150-12112018-01-0191202810.1080/21501203.2017.13364971336497Enhanced virulence of Fusarium species associated with spear rot of oil palm following recovery from osmotic stressSuwandi Suwandi0Seishi Akino1Norio Kondo2Sriwijaya UniversityHokkaido UniversityHokkaido UniversityFusarium spp., which are common inhabitants of oil palm leaves, are weak pathogens of common spear rot (CSR). We investigated the influence of osmotic stress on the growth, virulence, and activity of cell wall-degrading enzymes of CSR fungi, using potato dextrose agar (PDA) supplemented with KCl or sucrose (hyperosmotic medium). Hyperosmotic stress significantly inhibited mycelial growth, but growth rapidly recovered when mycelia were transferred to control medium. When inoculated into oil palm spear leaflets, Fusarium sp., and F. incarnatum precultured on 1.0 and 1.5 M KCl-hyperosmotic medium induced lesions that were two to four times larger than those in non-stressed cultures, suggesting enhanced virulence of the weak pathogens. Lesion size was not greatly affected in hyperosmotic cultures of moderately virulent F. sacchari. No activity of pectin lyase was detected in liquid cultures of the Fusarium isolates. All isolates except F. incarnatum BT48 secreted polygalacturonase (PG), which was active in both liquid cultures and inoculated leaves. Significantly increased PG activity (5–32-fold) was observed on leaves inoculated with hyperosmotic cultures of Fusarium sp. and F. sacchari. These findings suggest that Fusarium sp., F. incarnatum, and F. sacchari exhibit an adaptive physiological plasticity to hyperosmotic stress that results in enhanced virulence.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21501203.2017.1336497Fusariumenhanced virulenceweak pathogenElaeis guineensiscrown diseaseosmoadaptation |
| spellingShingle | Suwandi Suwandi Seishi Akino Norio Kondo Enhanced virulence of Fusarium species associated with spear rot of oil palm following recovery from osmotic stress Mycology Fusarium enhanced virulence weak pathogen Elaeis guineensis crown disease osmoadaptation |
| title | Enhanced virulence of Fusarium species associated with spear rot of oil palm following recovery from osmotic stress |
| title_full | Enhanced virulence of Fusarium species associated with spear rot of oil palm following recovery from osmotic stress |
| title_fullStr | Enhanced virulence of Fusarium species associated with spear rot of oil palm following recovery from osmotic stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhanced virulence of Fusarium species associated with spear rot of oil palm following recovery from osmotic stress |
| title_short | Enhanced virulence of Fusarium species associated with spear rot of oil palm following recovery from osmotic stress |
| title_sort | enhanced virulence of fusarium species associated with spear rot of oil palm following recovery from osmotic stress |
| topic | Fusarium enhanced virulence weak pathogen Elaeis guineensis crown disease osmoadaptation |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21501203.2017.1336497 |
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