A Satellite-Based High-Resolution (1-km) Ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> Database for India over Two Decades (2000–2019): Applications for Air Quality Management
Fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) is a major criteria pollutant affecting the environment, health and climate. In India where ground-based measurements of PM<sub>2.5</sub> is scarce, it is important to have a long-term database at a high spatial resolution for an eff...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/23/3872 |
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| author | Sagnik Dey Bhavesh Purohit Palak Balyan Kuldeep Dixit Kunal Bali Alok Kumar Fahad Imam Sourangsu Chowdhury Dilip Ganguly Prashant Gargava V. K. Shukla |
| author_facet | Sagnik Dey Bhavesh Purohit Palak Balyan Kuldeep Dixit Kunal Bali Alok Kumar Fahad Imam Sourangsu Chowdhury Dilip Ganguly Prashant Gargava V. K. Shukla |
| author_sort | Sagnik Dey |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) is a major criteria pollutant affecting the environment, health and climate. In India where ground-based measurements of PM<sub>2.5</sub> is scarce, it is important to have a long-term database at a high spatial resolution for an efficient air quality management plan. Here we develop and present a high-resolution (1-km) ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> database spanning two decades (2000–2019) for India. We convert aerosol optical depth from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) retrieved by Multiangle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC) algorithm to surface PM<sub>2.5</sub> using a dynamic scaling factor from Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications Version 2 (MERRA-2) data. The satellite-derived daily (24-h average) and annual PM<sub>2.5</sub> show a <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> of 0.8 and 0.97 and root mean square error of 25.7 and 7.2 μg/m<sup>3</sup>, respectively against surface measurements from the Central Pollution Control Board India network. Population-weighted 20-year averaged PM<sub>2.5</sub> over India is 57.3 μg/m<sup>3</sup> (5–95 percentile ranges: 16.8–86.9) with a larger increase observed in the present decade (2010–2019) than in the previous decade (2000 to 2009). Poor air quality across the urban–rural transact suggests that this is a regional scale problem, a fact that is often neglected. The database is freely disseminated through a web portal ‘satellite-based application for air quality monitoring and management at a national scale’ (SAANS) for air quality management, epidemiological research and mass awareness. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:33:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3463c34d582a4a67abc423a0320c83d8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:33:48Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-3463c34d582a4a67abc423a0320c83d82023-11-20T22:22:35ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922020-11-011223387210.3390/rs12233872A Satellite-Based High-Resolution (1-km) Ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> Database for India over Two Decades (2000–2019): Applications for Air Quality ManagementSagnik Dey0Bhavesh Purohit1Palak Balyan2Kuldeep Dixit3Kunal Bali4Alok Kumar5Fahad Imam6Sourangsu Chowdhury7Dilip Ganguly8Prashant Gargava9V. K. Shukla10Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, IIT Delhi, New Delhi 110000, IndiaCentre for Atmospheric Sciences, IIT Delhi, New Delhi 110000, IndiaCentre for Atmospheric Sciences, IIT Delhi, New Delhi 110000, IndiaCentre for Atmospheric Sciences, IIT Delhi, New Delhi 110000, IndiaCentre for Atmospheric Sciences, IIT Delhi, New Delhi 110000, IndiaCentre for Atmospheric Sciences, IIT Delhi, New Delhi 110000, IndiaCentre for Atmospheric Sciences, IIT Delhi, New Delhi 110000, IndiaMax Planck Institute for Chemistry, 55128 Mainz, GermanyCentre for Atmospheric Sciences, IIT Delhi, New Delhi 110000, IndiaCentral Pollution Control Board, New Delhi 110000, IndiaCentral Pollution Control Board, New Delhi 110000, IndiaFine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) is a major criteria pollutant affecting the environment, health and climate. In India where ground-based measurements of PM<sub>2.5</sub> is scarce, it is important to have a long-term database at a high spatial resolution for an efficient air quality management plan. Here we develop and present a high-resolution (1-km) ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> database spanning two decades (2000–2019) for India. We convert aerosol optical depth from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) retrieved by Multiangle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC) algorithm to surface PM<sub>2.5</sub> using a dynamic scaling factor from Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications Version 2 (MERRA-2) data. The satellite-derived daily (24-h average) and annual PM<sub>2.5</sub> show a <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> of 0.8 and 0.97 and root mean square error of 25.7 and 7.2 μg/m<sup>3</sup>, respectively against surface measurements from the Central Pollution Control Board India network. Population-weighted 20-year averaged PM<sub>2.5</sub> over India is 57.3 μg/m<sup>3</sup> (5–95 percentile ranges: 16.8–86.9) with a larger increase observed in the present decade (2010–2019) than in the previous decade (2000 to 2009). Poor air quality across the urban–rural transact suggests that this is a regional scale problem, a fact that is often neglected. The database is freely disseminated through a web portal ‘satellite-based application for air quality monitoring and management at a national scale’ (SAANS) for air quality management, epidemiological research and mass awareness.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/23/3872PM<sub>2.5</sub>MAIACAODIndiaair quality |
| spellingShingle | Sagnik Dey Bhavesh Purohit Palak Balyan Kuldeep Dixit Kunal Bali Alok Kumar Fahad Imam Sourangsu Chowdhury Dilip Ganguly Prashant Gargava V. K. Shukla A Satellite-Based High-Resolution (1-km) Ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> Database for India over Two Decades (2000–2019): Applications for Air Quality Management Remote Sensing PM<sub>2.5</sub> MAIAC AOD India air quality |
| title | A Satellite-Based High-Resolution (1-km) Ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> Database for India over Two Decades (2000–2019): Applications for Air Quality Management |
| title_full | A Satellite-Based High-Resolution (1-km) Ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> Database for India over Two Decades (2000–2019): Applications for Air Quality Management |
| title_fullStr | A Satellite-Based High-Resolution (1-km) Ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> Database for India over Two Decades (2000–2019): Applications for Air Quality Management |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Satellite-Based High-Resolution (1-km) Ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> Database for India over Two Decades (2000–2019): Applications for Air Quality Management |
| title_short | A Satellite-Based High-Resolution (1-km) Ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> Database for India over Two Decades (2000–2019): Applications for Air Quality Management |
| title_sort | satellite based high resolution 1 km ambient pm sub 2 5 sub database for india over two decades 2000 2019 applications for air quality management |
| topic | PM<sub>2.5</sub> MAIAC AOD India air quality |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/12/23/3872 |
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