Ceramic Conversion Treatment of Commercial Pure Titanium with a Pre-Deposited Vanadium Layer
Titanium is characterized by poor wear resistance which restricts its application. Ceramic conversion treatment (CCT) is used to modify the surface; however, it is a time-consuming process. In this work, a thin vanadium layer was pre-deposited on the commercial pure titanium (CPTi) samples’ surface,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/13/11/1859 |
| _version_ | 1797458362809450496 |
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| author | Zhenxue Zhang Rui Deng Hanshan Dong |
| author_facet | Zhenxue Zhang Rui Deng Hanshan Dong |
| author_sort | Zhenxue Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Titanium is characterized by poor wear resistance which restricts its application. Ceramic conversion treatment (CCT) is used to modify the surface; however, it is a time-consuming process. In this work, a thin vanadium layer was pre-deposited on the commercial pure titanium (CPTi) samples’ surface, and it increased the oxygen absorption significantly and assisted in obtaining a much thicker oxide layer than those samples without a V layer at the treatment temperatures of 620 °C and 660 °C. The oxidation of the samples pre-deposited with the V layer had a much higher oxidation rate, and V was evenly distributed in the oxide layer. After CCT, all samples had a low wear volume and stable coefficient of friction in comparison to the untreated CPTi sample. A slightly higher wear area in the wear track was observed on the V pre-deposited samples than those samples without vanadium, especially those with a thicker oxide layer (>4 µm). This might be associated with defects in a thicker oxide layer and insufficient support from a shallower oxygen diffusion zone or hard debris created at the initial stage. Vanadium in the oxide layer reduced the contact angles of the surface and increased the wettability significantly. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:36:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-34750069b18a4deca448aba418789a2b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:36:59Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-34750069b18a4deca448aba418789a2b2023-11-24T14:55:53ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012023-11-011311185910.3390/met13111859Ceramic Conversion Treatment of Commercial Pure Titanium with a Pre-Deposited Vanadium LayerZhenxue Zhang0Rui Deng1Hanshan Dong2School of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKSchool of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKSchool of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKTitanium is characterized by poor wear resistance which restricts its application. Ceramic conversion treatment (CCT) is used to modify the surface; however, it is a time-consuming process. In this work, a thin vanadium layer was pre-deposited on the commercial pure titanium (CPTi) samples’ surface, and it increased the oxygen absorption significantly and assisted in obtaining a much thicker oxide layer than those samples without a V layer at the treatment temperatures of 620 °C and 660 °C. The oxidation of the samples pre-deposited with the V layer had a much higher oxidation rate, and V was evenly distributed in the oxide layer. After CCT, all samples had a low wear volume and stable coefficient of friction in comparison to the untreated CPTi sample. A slightly higher wear area in the wear track was observed on the V pre-deposited samples than those samples without vanadium, especially those with a thicker oxide layer (>4 µm). This might be associated with defects in a thicker oxide layer and insufficient support from a shallower oxygen diffusion zone or hard debris created at the initial stage. Vanadium in the oxide layer reduced the contact angles of the surface and increased the wettability significantly.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/13/11/1859titaniumvanadiumoxidationceramic conversion treatment |
| spellingShingle | Zhenxue Zhang Rui Deng Hanshan Dong Ceramic Conversion Treatment of Commercial Pure Titanium with a Pre-Deposited Vanadium Layer Metals titanium vanadium oxidation ceramic conversion treatment |
| title | Ceramic Conversion Treatment of Commercial Pure Titanium with a Pre-Deposited Vanadium Layer |
| title_full | Ceramic Conversion Treatment of Commercial Pure Titanium with a Pre-Deposited Vanadium Layer |
| title_fullStr | Ceramic Conversion Treatment of Commercial Pure Titanium with a Pre-Deposited Vanadium Layer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ceramic Conversion Treatment of Commercial Pure Titanium with a Pre-Deposited Vanadium Layer |
| title_short | Ceramic Conversion Treatment of Commercial Pure Titanium with a Pre-Deposited Vanadium Layer |
| title_sort | ceramic conversion treatment of commercial pure titanium with a pre deposited vanadium layer |
| topic | titanium vanadium oxidation ceramic conversion treatment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/13/11/1859 |
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