Association of fruits, vegetables, and fiber intake with COVID-19 severity and symptoms in hospitalized patients: A cross-sectional study
Background and aimsFruits and vegetables are rich in fiber and a good source of anti-inflammatory and immune-boosting vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. We investigated the association between fruits, vegetables, and fiber intake and severity of COVID-19 and related symptoms in hospitalized patie...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.934568/full |
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| author | Kiana Tadbir Vajargah Nikan Zargarzadeh Armin Ebrahimzadeh Seyed Mohammad Mousavi Parnia Mobasheran Pari Mokhtari Habib Rahban Habib Rahban Mihnea-Alexandru Găman Mihnea-Alexandru Găman Camellia Akhgarjand Mohsen Taghizadeh Alireza Milajerdi |
| author_facet | Kiana Tadbir Vajargah Nikan Zargarzadeh Armin Ebrahimzadeh Seyed Mohammad Mousavi Parnia Mobasheran Pari Mokhtari Habib Rahban Habib Rahban Mihnea-Alexandru Găman Mihnea-Alexandru Găman Camellia Akhgarjand Mohsen Taghizadeh Alireza Milajerdi |
| author_sort | Kiana Tadbir Vajargah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and aimsFruits and vegetables are rich in fiber and a good source of anti-inflammatory and immune-boosting vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. We investigated the association between fruits, vegetables, and fiber intake and severity of COVID-19 and related symptoms in hospitalized patients.MethodsA total of 250 COVID-19 hospitalized patients aged 18 to 65 years were recruited for this cross-sectional study in Kashan, Iran, between June and September of 2021. Dietary intakes were assessed using an online validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). COVID-19 severity and symptoms were evaluated using the National Institutes of Health (NIH) COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines. Moreover, we examined COVID-19 symptoms, inflammatory biomarkers, and additional factors.ResultsThe mean age of participants was 44.2 ± 12.1 years, and 46% had severe COVID-19. Patients with higher consumption of fruits (OR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.14-0.58, P-trend <0.001), vegetables (OR: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.16-0.69, P-trend <0.001), and dietary fiber (OR: 0.25; 95% CI: 0.12-0.53, P-trend <0.001) had lower odds of having severe COVID-19. In addition, they had shorter hospitalization and convalescence periods, lower serum C-reactive protein (CRP), and a reduced risk of developing COVID-19 symptoms such as sore throat, nausea and vomiting, dyspnea, myalgia, cough, weakness, fever, and chills.ConclusionHigher consumption of fruits, vegetables, and fiber was inversely linked with COVID-19 severity, clinical symptoms, hospitalization and convalescence duration, and CRP concentrations. The results should be interpreted with caution in light of the limitations, and prospective cohort studies are required to further evaluate these findings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T04:18:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3477fc9aa9c44fe2a229860192c17d4e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T04:18:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-3477fc9aa9c44fe2a229860192c17d4e2022-12-22T03:48:18ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2022-09-01910.3389/fnut.2022.934568934568Association of fruits, vegetables, and fiber intake with COVID-19 severity and symptoms in hospitalized patients: A cross-sectional studyKiana Tadbir Vajargah0Nikan Zargarzadeh1Armin Ebrahimzadeh2Seyed Mohammad Mousavi3Parnia Mobasheran4Pari Mokhtari5Habib Rahban6Habib Rahban7Mihnea-Alexandru Găman8Mihnea-Alexandru Găman9Camellia Akhgarjand10Mohsen Taghizadeh11Alireza Milajerdi12School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranSchool of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranResearch Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IranDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, IranDepartment of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United StatesDepartment of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesCardiovascular Research Foundation of Southern California, Beverly Hills, CA, United StatesSouthern California Medical Education Consortium, Temecula Valley Hospital, Universal Health System, Temecula, CA, United StatesFaculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, RomaniaCenter of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, IranResearch Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IranResearch Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IranBackground and aimsFruits and vegetables are rich in fiber and a good source of anti-inflammatory and immune-boosting vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. We investigated the association between fruits, vegetables, and fiber intake and severity of COVID-19 and related symptoms in hospitalized patients.MethodsA total of 250 COVID-19 hospitalized patients aged 18 to 65 years were recruited for this cross-sectional study in Kashan, Iran, between June and September of 2021. Dietary intakes were assessed using an online validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). COVID-19 severity and symptoms were evaluated using the National Institutes of Health (NIH) COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines. Moreover, we examined COVID-19 symptoms, inflammatory biomarkers, and additional factors.ResultsThe mean age of participants was 44.2 ± 12.1 years, and 46% had severe COVID-19. Patients with higher consumption of fruits (OR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.14-0.58, P-trend <0.001), vegetables (OR: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.16-0.69, P-trend <0.001), and dietary fiber (OR: 0.25; 95% CI: 0.12-0.53, P-trend <0.001) had lower odds of having severe COVID-19. In addition, they had shorter hospitalization and convalescence periods, lower serum C-reactive protein (CRP), and a reduced risk of developing COVID-19 symptoms such as sore throat, nausea and vomiting, dyspnea, myalgia, cough, weakness, fever, and chills.ConclusionHigher consumption of fruits, vegetables, and fiber was inversely linked with COVID-19 severity, clinical symptoms, hospitalization and convalescence duration, and CRP concentrations. The results should be interpreted with caution in light of the limitations, and prospective cohort studies are required to further evaluate these findings.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.934568/fullfruitsvegetablesdietary fiberCOVID-19severe diseaseinfectious disease |
| spellingShingle | Kiana Tadbir Vajargah Nikan Zargarzadeh Armin Ebrahimzadeh Seyed Mohammad Mousavi Parnia Mobasheran Pari Mokhtari Habib Rahban Habib Rahban Mihnea-Alexandru Găman Mihnea-Alexandru Găman Camellia Akhgarjand Mohsen Taghizadeh Alireza Milajerdi Association of fruits, vegetables, and fiber intake with COVID-19 severity and symptoms in hospitalized patients: A cross-sectional study Frontiers in Nutrition fruits vegetables dietary fiber COVID-19 severe disease infectious disease |
| title | Association of fruits, vegetables, and fiber intake with COVID-19 severity and symptoms in hospitalized patients: A cross-sectional study |
| title_full | Association of fruits, vegetables, and fiber intake with COVID-19 severity and symptoms in hospitalized patients: A cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | Association of fruits, vegetables, and fiber intake with COVID-19 severity and symptoms in hospitalized patients: A cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association of fruits, vegetables, and fiber intake with COVID-19 severity and symptoms in hospitalized patients: A cross-sectional study |
| title_short | Association of fruits, vegetables, and fiber intake with COVID-19 severity and symptoms in hospitalized patients: A cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | association of fruits vegetables and fiber intake with covid 19 severity and symptoms in hospitalized patients a cross sectional study |
| topic | fruits vegetables dietary fiber COVID-19 severe disease infectious disease |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.934568/full |
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