Outcomes Related to Percutaneous Nephrostomies (PCN) in Malignancy-Associated Ureteric Obstruction: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Background: Malignant ureteric obstruction occurs in a variety of cancers and has been typically associated with a poor prognosis. Percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) can potentially help increase patient longevity by establishing urinary drainage and treating renal failure. Our aim was to look at the ou...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-05-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/11/2354 |
| _version_ | 1797532381428580352 |
|---|---|
| author | Francesca J. New Sally J. Deverill Bhaskar K. Somani |
| author_facet | Francesca J. New Sally J. Deverill Bhaskar K. Somani |
| author_sort | Francesca J. New |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Malignant ureteric obstruction occurs in a variety of cancers and has been typically associated with a poor prognosis. Percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) can potentially help increase patient longevity by establishing urinary drainage and treating renal failure. Our aim was to look at the outcomes of PCN in patients with advanced cancer and the impact on the patients’ lifespan and quality of life. Materials and Methods: A literature review was carried out for articles from 2000 to 2020 on PCN in patients with advanced malignancies, using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, clinicaltrials.gov, and Google Scholar. All English-language articles reporting on a minimum of 20 patients who underwent PCN for malignancy-associated ureteric obstruction were included. Results: A total of 21 articles (1674 patients) met the inclusion criteria with a mean of 60.2 years (range: 21–102 years). PCN was performed for ureteric obstruction secondary to urological malignancies (<i>n</i> = −633, 37.8%), gynaecological malignancies (<i>n</i> = 437, 26.1%), colorectal and GI malignancies (<i>n</i> = 216, 12.9%), and other specified malignancies (<i>n</i> = 205, 12.2%). The reported mean survival times varied from 2 to 8.5 months post PCN insertion, with an average survival time of 5.6 months, which depended on the cancer type, stage, and previous treatment. Conclusions: Patients with advanced malignancies who need PCN tend to have a survival rate under 12 months and spend a large proportion of this time in the hospital. Although the advent of newer chemotherapy and immunotherapy options has changed the landscape of managing advanced cancer, decisions on nephrostomy must be balanced with their survival and quality of life, which must be discussed with the patient. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:58:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-347c7da031254904b045ac704043de58 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:58:20Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-347c7da031254904b045ac704043de582023-11-21T21:41:10ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832021-05-011011235410.3390/jcm10112354Outcomes Related to Percutaneous Nephrostomies (PCN) in Malignancy-Associated Ureteric Obstruction: A Systematic Review of the LiteratureFrancesca J. New0Sally J. Deverill1Bhaskar K. Somani2Department of Urology, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UKDepartment of Urology, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth PO6 3LY, UKDepartment of Urology, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UKBackground: Malignant ureteric obstruction occurs in a variety of cancers and has been typically associated with a poor prognosis. Percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) can potentially help increase patient longevity by establishing urinary drainage and treating renal failure. Our aim was to look at the outcomes of PCN in patients with advanced cancer and the impact on the patients’ lifespan and quality of life. Materials and Methods: A literature review was carried out for articles from 2000 to 2020 on PCN in patients with advanced malignancies, using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, clinicaltrials.gov, and Google Scholar. All English-language articles reporting on a minimum of 20 patients who underwent PCN for malignancy-associated ureteric obstruction were included. Results: A total of 21 articles (1674 patients) met the inclusion criteria with a mean of 60.2 years (range: 21–102 years). PCN was performed for ureteric obstruction secondary to urological malignancies (<i>n</i> = −633, 37.8%), gynaecological malignancies (<i>n</i> = 437, 26.1%), colorectal and GI malignancies (<i>n</i> = 216, 12.9%), and other specified malignancies (<i>n</i> = 205, 12.2%). The reported mean survival times varied from 2 to 8.5 months post PCN insertion, with an average survival time of 5.6 months, which depended on the cancer type, stage, and previous treatment. Conclusions: Patients with advanced malignancies who need PCN tend to have a survival rate under 12 months and spend a large proportion of this time in the hospital. Although the advent of newer chemotherapy and immunotherapy options has changed the landscape of managing advanced cancer, decisions on nephrostomy must be balanced with their survival and quality of life, which must be discussed with the patient.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/11/2354prostate cancernephrostomyquality of lifesurvivaldecision making |
| spellingShingle | Francesca J. New Sally J. Deverill Bhaskar K. Somani Outcomes Related to Percutaneous Nephrostomies (PCN) in Malignancy-Associated Ureteric Obstruction: A Systematic Review of the Literature Journal of Clinical Medicine prostate cancer nephrostomy quality of life survival decision making |
| title | Outcomes Related to Percutaneous Nephrostomies (PCN) in Malignancy-Associated Ureteric Obstruction: A Systematic Review of the Literature |
| title_full | Outcomes Related to Percutaneous Nephrostomies (PCN) in Malignancy-Associated Ureteric Obstruction: A Systematic Review of the Literature |
| title_fullStr | Outcomes Related to Percutaneous Nephrostomies (PCN) in Malignancy-Associated Ureteric Obstruction: A Systematic Review of the Literature |
| title_full_unstemmed | Outcomes Related to Percutaneous Nephrostomies (PCN) in Malignancy-Associated Ureteric Obstruction: A Systematic Review of the Literature |
| title_short | Outcomes Related to Percutaneous Nephrostomies (PCN) in Malignancy-Associated Ureteric Obstruction: A Systematic Review of the Literature |
| title_sort | outcomes related to percutaneous nephrostomies pcn in malignancy associated ureteric obstruction a systematic review of the literature |
| topic | prostate cancer nephrostomy quality of life survival decision making |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/11/2354 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT francescajnew outcomesrelatedtopercutaneousnephrostomiespcninmalignancyassociateduretericobstructionasystematicreviewoftheliterature AT sallyjdeverill outcomesrelatedtopercutaneousnephrostomiespcninmalignancyassociateduretericobstructionasystematicreviewoftheliterature AT bhaskarksomani outcomesrelatedtopercutaneousnephrostomiespcninmalignancyassociateduretericobstructionasystematicreviewoftheliterature |