Malaria and environmental, socioeconomics and public health conditions in the municipality of São Félix do Xingu, Pará, Eastern Amazon, Brazil: An ecological and cross-sectional study
ABSTRACT Background: Malaria is a parasitosis conditioned by several factors. This study sought to analyze the spatial distribution of malaria considering environmental, socioeconomic, and political variables in São Félix do Xingu, Pará, Brazil, from 2014 to 2020. Methods: Epidemiological, carto...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical (SBMT)
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0037-86822023000100315&tlng=en |
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| author | Nelson Veiga Gonçalves Bruna Costa de Souza Marília de Souza Araújo Emerson Cordeiro Morais Bruma Gouveia de Melo Silvana Rossy de Brito Maria de Fátima Pinheiro Carrera Simone Beverly Nascimento da Costa Taiana Moita Koury Alves Thalita da Rocha Bastos João Simão de Melo Neto Claudia do Socorro Carvalho Miranda |
| author_facet | Nelson Veiga Gonçalves Bruna Costa de Souza Marília de Souza Araújo Emerson Cordeiro Morais Bruma Gouveia de Melo Silvana Rossy de Brito Maria de Fátima Pinheiro Carrera Simone Beverly Nascimento da Costa Taiana Moita Koury Alves Thalita da Rocha Bastos João Simão de Melo Neto Claudia do Socorro Carvalho Miranda |
| author_sort | Nelson Veiga Gonçalves |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Background: Malaria is a parasitosis conditioned by several factors. This study sought to analyze the spatial distribution of malaria considering environmental, socioeconomic, and political variables in São Félix do Xingu, Pará, Brazil, from 2014 to 2020. Methods: Epidemiological, cartographic, and environmental data were obtained from the Ministry of Health, Brazilian Geographical and Statistical Institute, and National Space Research Institute. Statistical and spatial distribution analyses were performed using chi-squared tests of expected equal proportions and the kernel and bivariate global Moran’s techniques with Bioestat 5.0 and ArcGIS 10.5.1. Results: The highest percentage of cases occurred in adult males with brown skin color, mainly placer miners, with a primary education level, living in rural areas, who were infected with Plasmodium vivax and with parasitemia of two or three crosses as diagnosed by the thick drop/smear test. The disease had a non-homogeneous distribution, with distinct annual parasite indices associated with administrative districts and clusters of cases in locations with deforestation, mining, and pastures close to Conservation Units and Indigenous Lands. Thus, a direct relationship between areas with cases and environmental degradation associated with land use was demonstrated, along with the precarious availability of health services. Pressure on protected areas and epidemiological silence in Indigenous Lands were also noted. Conclusions: Environmental and socioeconomic circuits were identified for development of diseases associated with precarious health services in the municipality. These findings highlight the need to intensify malaria surveillance and contribute to the systematic knowledge of malaria’s epidemiology by considering the complexity of its conditioning factors. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T17:29:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-348c261798254eb98e7c8e07f3d2ee4e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1678-9849 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T17:29:02Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical (SBMT) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical |
| spelling | doaj.art-348c261798254eb98e7c8e07f3d2ee4e2023-04-18T07:31:15ZengSociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical (SBMT)Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical1678-98492023-04-015610.1590/0037-8682-0502-2022Malaria and environmental, socioeconomics and public health conditions in the municipality of São Félix do Xingu, Pará, Eastern Amazon, Brazil: An ecological and cross-sectional studyNelson Veiga Gonçalveshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0276-9318Bruna Costa de Souzahttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7202-1423Marília de Souza Araújohttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9888-7548Emerson Cordeiro Moraishttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5419-2023Bruma Gouveia de Melohttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7233-2483Silvana Rossy de Britohttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5095-9629Maria de Fátima Pinheiro Carrerahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3917-7714Simone Beverly Nascimento da Costahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9817-0790Taiana Moita Koury Alveshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-9315Thalita da Rocha Bastoshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4530-609XJoão Simão de Melo Netohttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4681-8532Claudia do Socorro Carvalho Mirandahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1913-7176ABSTRACT Background: Malaria is a parasitosis conditioned by several factors. This study sought to analyze the spatial distribution of malaria considering environmental, socioeconomic, and political variables in São Félix do Xingu, Pará, Brazil, from 2014 to 2020. Methods: Epidemiological, cartographic, and environmental data were obtained from the Ministry of Health, Brazilian Geographical and Statistical Institute, and National Space Research Institute. Statistical and spatial distribution analyses were performed using chi-squared tests of expected equal proportions and the kernel and bivariate global Moran’s techniques with Bioestat 5.0 and ArcGIS 10.5.1. Results: The highest percentage of cases occurred in adult males with brown skin color, mainly placer miners, with a primary education level, living in rural areas, who were infected with Plasmodium vivax and with parasitemia of two or three crosses as diagnosed by the thick drop/smear test. The disease had a non-homogeneous distribution, with distinct annual parasite indices associated with administrative districts and clusters of cases in locations with deforestation, mining, and pastures close to Conservation Units and Indigenous Lands. Thus, a direct relationship between areas with cases and environmental degradation associated with land use was demonstrated, along with the precarious availability of health services. Pressure on protected areas and epidemiological silence in Indigenous Lands were also noted. Conclusions: Environmental and socioeconomic circuits were identified for development of diseases associated with precarious health services in the municipality. These findings highlight the need to intensify malaria surveillance and contribute to the systematic knowledge of malaria’s epidemiology by considering the complexity of its conditioning factors.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0037-86822023000100315&tlng=enMalariaSpatial analysisEpidemiologyDeforestation |
| spellingShingle | Nelson Veiga Gonçalves Bruna Costa de Souza Marília de Souza Araújo Emerson Cordeiro Morais Bruma Gouveia de Melo Silvana Rossy de Brito Maria de Fátima Pinheiro Carrera Simone Beverly Nascimento da Costa Taiana Moita Koury Alves Thalita da Rocha Bastos João Simão de Melo Neto Claudia do Socorro Carvalho Miranda Malaria and environmental, socioeconomics and public health conditions in the municipality of São Félix do Xingu, Pará, Eastern Amazon, Brazil: An ecological and cross-sectional study Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical Malaria Spatial analysis Epidemiology Deforestation |
| title | Malaria and environmental, socioeconomics and public health conditions in the municipality of São Félix do Xingu, Pará, Eastern Amazon, Brazil: An ecological and cross-sectional study |
| title_full | Malaria and environmental, socioeconomics and public health conditions in the municipality of São Félix do Xingu, Pará, Eastern Amazon, Brazil: An ecological and cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | Malaria and environmental, socioeconomics and public health conditions in the municipality of São Félix do Xingu, Pará, Eastern Amazon, Brazil: An ecological and cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Malaria and environmental, socioeconomics and public health conditions in the municipality of São Félix do Xingu, Pará, Eastern Amazon, Brazil: An ecological and cross-sectional study |
| title_short | Malaria and environmental, socioeconomics and public health conditions in the municipality of São Félix do Xingu, Pará, Eastern Amazon, Brazil: An ecological and cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | malaria and environmental socioeconomics and public health conditions in the municipality of sao felix do xingu para eastern amazon brazil an ecological and cross sectional study |
| topic | Malaria Spatial analysis Epidemiology Deforestation |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0037-86822023000100315&tlng=en |
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