Primary prevention of diabetes mellitus: current strategies and future trends
Aim of this paper is to find evidence for primary prevention of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T<sub>2</sub>DM) from epidemiological studies and clinical trials, and the feasibility of applying these interventions in resource limited countries. T<sub>2</sub>DM, which accounts for...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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PAGEPress Publications
2016-04-01
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| Series: | Italian Journal of Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.italjmed.org/index.php/ijm/article/view/634 |
| _version_ | 1797424818610503680 |
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| author | Prasanta K. Bhattacharya Aakash Roy |
| author_facet | Prasanta K. Bhattacharya Aakash Roy |
| author_sort | Prasanta K. Bhattacharya |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aim of this paper is to find evidence for primary prevention of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T<sub>2</sub>DM) from epidemiological studies and clinical trials, and the feasibility of applying these interventions in resource limited countries. T<sub>2</sub>DM, which accounts for more than nine-tenths of all diabetics, results from inadequate insulin secretion or underlying insulin resistance. The prevalence of diabetes, mainly T<sub>2</sub>DM, has increased rapidly during the last few decades worldwide. Since the genetic background is unlikely to change during this short time period, the growing epidemic of T<sub>2</sub>DM is more likely due to changes in environmental or lifestyle risk factors including obesity, physical inactivity, smoking, alcohol and stress. The scope and feasibility for primary prevention of T<sub>2</sub>DM is based on elimination of these risk factors. This evidence that T<sub>2</sub>DM is preventable comes from epidemiologic studies and clinical trials of effect of lifestyle changes and drugs in development of T<sub>2</sub>DM. The positive effects are more profound and safer with lifestyle modifications (LSM) compared to medications. This is shown to be effective globally, across various ethnicities and races and sustainable on long-term follow-up. However, there is a major challenge in translating this evidence into economically viable and sustained community programs, as these LSM interventions are expensive, even from western standards point of view. Future plan should focus on health education of the public, improving the national capacity to detect and manage the environmental risks including strategies to reduce stress, and development of innovative, cost effective, and scalable methodologies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T08:07:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-34908836bdbc4e4a9c2e7bb6c7d738c6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1877-9344 1877-9352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T08:07:20Z |
| publishDate | 2016-04-01 |
| publisher | PAGEPress Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Italian Journal of Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-34908836bdbc4e4a9c2e7bb6c7d738c62023-12-02T23:45:37ZengPAGEPress PublicationsItalian Journal of Medicine1877-93441877-93522016-04-01111152210.4081/itjm.2016.634545Primary prevention of diabetes mellitus: current strategies and future trendsPrasanta K. Bhattacharya0Aakash Roy1Department of General Medicine, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, ShillongDepartment of General Medicine, North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, ShillongAim of this paper is to find evidence for primary prevention of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T<sub>2</sub>DM) from epidemiological studies and clinical trials, and the feasibility of applying these interventions in resource limited countries. T<sub>2</sub>DM, which accounts for more than nine-tenths of all diabetics, results from inadequate insulin secretion or underlying insulin resistance. The prevalence of diabetes, mainly T<sub>2</sub>DM, has increased rapidly during the last few decades worldwide. Since the genetic background is unlikely to change during this short time period, the growing epidemic of T<sub>2</sub>DM is more likely due to changes in environmental or lifestyle risk factors including obesity, physical inactivity, smoking, alcohol and stress. The scope and feasibility for primary prevention of T<sub>2</sub>DM is based on elimination of these risk factors. This evidence that T<sub>2</sub>DM is preventable comes from epidemiologic studies and clinical trials of effect of lifestyle changes and drugs in development of T<sub>2</sub>DM. The positive effects are more profound and safer with lifestyle modifications (LSM) compared to medications. This is shown to be effective globally, across various ethnicities and races and sustainable on long-term follow-up. However, there is a major challenge in translating this evidence into economically viable and sustained community programs, as these LSM interventions are expensive, even from western standards point of view. Future plan should focus on health education of the public, improving the national capacity to detect and manage the environmental risks including strategies to reduce stress, and development of innovative, cost effective, and scalable methodologies.http://www.italjmed.org/index.php/ijm/article/view/634Diabetes mellitustype-2 diabetes mellitusrisk factorsprimary preventionlifestyle modification. |
| spellingShingle | Prasanta K. Bhattacharya Aakash Roy Primary prevention of diabetes mellitus: current strategies and future trends Italian Journal of Medicine Diabetes mellitus type-2 diabetes mellitus risk factors primary prevention lifestyle modification. |
| title | Primary prevention of diabetes mellitus: current strategies and future trends |
| title_full | Primary prevention of diabetes mellitus: current strategies and future trends |
| title_fullStr | Primary prevention of diabetes mellitus: current strategies and future trends |
| title_full_unstemmed | Primary prevention of diabetes mellitus: current strategies and future trends |
| title_short | Primary prevention of diabetes mellitus: current strategies and future trends |
| title_sort | primary prevention of diabetes mellitus current strategies and future trends |
| topic | Diabetes mellitus type-2 diabetes mellitus risk factors primary prevention lifestyle modification. |
| url | http://www.italjmed.org/index.php/ijm/article/view/634 |
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