Effect of Barley Sowing Density on the Integrated Weed Management of <i>Lolium rigidum</i> (Annual Ryegrass) in Mediterranean Dryland: A Modeling Approach
Population models are particularly helpful for understanding long-term changes in the weed dynamics associated with integrated weed management (IWM) strategies. IWM practices for controlling <i>L. rigidum</i> are of high importance, mainly due to its widespread resistance that precludes...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/8/1565 |
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| author | María Belén D’Amico Guillermo R. Chantre Guillermo L. Calandrini José L. González-Andújar |
| author_facet | María Belén D’Amico Guillermo R. Chantre Guillermo L. Calandrini José L. González-Andújar |
| author_sort | María Belén D’Amico |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Population models are particularly helpful for understanding long-term changes in the weed dynamics associated with integrated weed management (IWM) strategies. IWM practices for controlling <i>L. rigidum</i> are of high importance, mainly due to its widespread resistance that precludes chemical control as a single management method. The objective of this contribution is to simulate different IWM scenarios with special emphasis on the impact of different levels of barley sowing densities on <i>L. rigidum</i> control. To this effect, a weed–crop population model for both <i>L. rigidum</i> and barley life cycles was developed. Our results point out: (i) the necessity of achieving high control efficiencies (>99%), (ii) that the increase of twice the standard sowing density of barley resulted in a reduction of 23.7% of the weed density, (iii) non-herbicide-based individual methods, such as delayed sowing and weed seed removal at harvest, proved to be inefficient for reducing drastically weed population, (iv) the implementation of at least three control tactics (seed removal, delay sowing and herbicides) is required for weed infestation eradication independently of the sowing rate, and (v) the effect of an increase in the sowing density is diluted as a more demanding weed control is reached. Future research should aim to disentangle the effect of different weed resistance levels on <i>L. rigidum</i> population dynamics and the required efficiencies for more sustainable IWM programs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:05:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-34948d9aebbd45a2b8e1256048cce508 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:05:06Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-34948d9aebbd45a2b8e1256048cce5082023-11-22T06:25:39ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-08-01118156510.3390/agronomy11081565Effect of Barley Sowing Density on the Integrated Weed Management of <i>Lolium rigidum</i> (Annual Ryegrass) in Mediterranean Dryland: A Modeling ApproachMaría Belén D’Amico0Guillermo R. Chantre1Guillermo L. Calandrini2José L. González-Andújar3Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica y de Computadoras, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Eléctrica “Alfredo Desages” (UNS-CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Andrés 800, Bahía Blanca 8000, ArgentinaCentro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida (UNS-CONICET), Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Andrés 800, Bahía Blanca 8000, ArgentinaDepartamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica y de Computadoras, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Eléctrica “Alfredo Desages” (UNS-CONICET), Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Andrés 800, Bahía Blanca 8000, ArgentinaInstituto de Agricultura Sostenible (CSIC), Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14040 Córdoba, SpainPopulation models are particularly helpful for understanding long-term changes in the weed dynamics associated with integrated weed management (IWM) strategies. IWM practices for controlling <i>L. rigidum</i> are of high importance, mainly due to its widespread resistance that precludes chemical control as a single management method. The objective of this contribution is to simulate different IWM scenarios with special emphasis on the impact of different levels of barley sowing densities on <i>L. rigidum</i> control. To this effect, a weed–crop population model for both <i>L. rigidum</i> and barley life cycles was developed. Our results point out: (i) the necessity of achieving high control efficiencies (>99%), (ii) that the increase of twice the standard sowing density of barley resulted in a reduction of 23.7% of the weed density, (iii) non-herbicide-based individual methods, such as delayed sowing and weed seed removal at harvest, proved to be inefficient for reducing drastically weed population, (iv) the implementation of at least three control tactics (seed removal, delay sowing and herbicides) is required for weed infestation eradication independently of the sowing rate, and (v) the effect of an increase in the sowing density is diluted as a more demanding weed control is reached. Future research should aim to disentangle the effect of different weed resistance levels on <i>L. rigidum</i> population dynamics and the required efficiencies for more sustainable IWM programs.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/8/1565weed population dynamicscrop–weed competitionintegrated weed management |
| spellingShingle | María Belén D’Amico Guillermo R. Chantre Guillermo L. Calandrini José L. González-Andújar Effect of Barley Sowing Density on the Integrated Weed Management of <i>Lolium rigidum</i> (Annual Ryegrass) in Mediterranean Dryland: A Modeling Approach Agronomy weed population dynamics crop–weed competition integrated weed management |
| title | Effect of Barley Sowing Density on the Integrated Weed Management of <i>Lolium rigidum</i> (Annual Ryegrass) in Mediterranean Dryland: A Modeling Approach |
| title_full | Effect of Barley Sowing Density on the Integrated Weed Management of <i>Lolium rigidum</i> (Annual Ryegrass) in Mediterranean Dryland: A Modeling Approach |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Barley Sowing Density on the Integrated Weed Management of <i>Lolium rigidum</i> (Annual Ryegrass) in Mediterranean Dryland: A Modeling Approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Barley Sowing Density on the Integrated Weed Management of <i>Lolium rigidum</i> (Annual Ryegrass) in Mediterranean Dryland: A Modeling Approach |
| title_short | Effect of Barley Sowing Density on the Integrated Weed Management of <i>Lolium rigidum</i> (Annual Ryegrass) in Mediterranean Dryland: A Modeling Approach |
| title_sort | effect of barley sowing density on the integrated weed management of i lolium rigidum i annual ryegrass in mediterranean dryland a modeling approach |
| topic | weed population dynamics crop–weed competition integrated weed management |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/8/1565 |
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