Effect of Aqueous Media on the Recovery of Scandium by Selective Precipitation
This research presents a novel precipitation method for scandium (Sc) concentrate refining from bauxite residue leachates and the effect of aqueous media on this triple-stage successive precipitation process. The precipitation pattern and the precipitation behavior of the constituent elements was in...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-05-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/8/5/314 |
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| author | Bengi Yagmurlu Carsten Dittrich Bernd Friedrich |
| author_facet | Bengi Yagmurlu Carsten Dittrich Bernd Friedrich |
| author_sort | Bengi Yagmurlu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This research presents a novel precipitation method for scandium (Sc) concentrate refining from bauxite residue leachates and the effect of aqueous media on this triple-stage successive precipitation process. The precipitation pattern and the precipitation behavior of the constituent elements was investigated using different precipitation agents in three major mineral acid media, namely, H2SO4, HNO3, and HCl in a comparative manner. Experimental investigations showed behavioral similarities between HNO3 and HCl media, while H2SO4 media was different from them because of the nature of the formed complexes. NH4OH was found to be the best precipitation agent in every leaching media to remove Fe(III) with low Sc co-precipitation. To limit Sc loss from the system, Fe(III) removal was divided into two steps, leading to more than 90% of Fe(III) removal at the end of the process. Phosphate concentrates were produced in the final step of the precipitation process with dibasic phosphates which have a strong affinity towards Sc. Concentrates containing more than 50% of ScPO4 were produced in each case from the solutions after Fe(III) removal, as described. A flow diagram of the selective precipitation process is proposed for these three mineral acid media with their characteristic parameters. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T15:56:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-349fc316332d4883b726f78705a2dd3c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T15:56:23Z |
| publishDate | 2018-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-349fc316332d4883b726f78705a2dd3c2022-12-21T22:25:35ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012018-05-018531410.3390/met8050314met8050314Effect of Aqueous Media on the Recovery of Scandium by Selective PrecipitationBengi Yagmurlu0Carsten Dittrich1Bernd Friedrich2MEAB Chemie Technik GmBH, 52068 Aachen, GermanyMEAB Chemie Technik GmBH, 52068 Aachen, GermanyRWTH Aachen, IME Institute of Process Metallurgy and Metal Recycling, 52056 Aachen, GermanyThis research presents a novel precipitation method for scandium (Sc) concentrate refining from bauxite residue leachates and the effect of aqueous media on this triple-stage successive precipitation process. The precipitation pattern and the precipitation behavior of the constituent elements was investigated using different precipitation agents in three major mineral acid media, namely, H2SO4, HNO3, and HCl in a comparative manner. Experimental investigations showed behavioral similarities between HNO3 and HCl media, while H2SO4 media was different from them because of the nature of the formed complexes. NH4OH was found to be the best precipitation agent in every leaching media to remove Fe(III) with low Sc co-precipitation. To limit Sc loss from the system, Fe(III) removal was divided into two steps, leading to more than 90% of Fe(III) removal at the end of the process. Phosphate concentrates were produced in the final step of the precipitation process with dibasic phosphates which have a strong affinity towards Sc. Concentrates containing more than 50% of ScPO4 were produced in each case from the solutions after Fe(III) removal, as described. A flow diagram of the selective precipitation process is proposed for these three mineral acid media with their characteristic parameters.http://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/8/5/314bauxite residuered mudhydrometallurgyrecoveryscandiumprecipitation |
| spellingShingle | Bengi Yagmurlu Carsten Dittrich Bernd Friedrich Effect of Aqueous Media on the Recovery of Scandium by Selective Precipitation Metals bauxite residue red mud hydrometallurgy recovery scandium precipitation |
| title | Effect of Aqueous Media on the Recovery of Scandium by Selective Precipitation |
| title_full | Effect of Aqueous Media on the Recovery of Scandium by Selective Precipitation |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Aqueous Media on the Recovery of Scandium by Selective Precipitation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Aqueous Media on the Recovery of Scandium by Selective Precipitation |
| title_short | Effect of Aqueous Media on the Recovery of Scandium by Selective Precipitation |
| title_sort | effect of aqueous media on the recovery of scandium by selective precipitation |
| topic | bauxite residue red mud hydrometallurgy recovery scandium precipitation |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/8/5/314 |
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