New vectors that are early feeders for Plasmodium knowlesi and other simian malaria parasites in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo
Abstract Plasmodium knowlesi is the main cause of malaria in Sarawak, where studies on vectors of P. knowlesi have been conducted in only two districts. Anopheles balabacensis and An. donaldi were incriminated as vectors in Lawas and An. latens in Kapit. We studied a third location in Sarawak, Beton...
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| Format: | Article |
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Nature Portfolio
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86107-3 |
| _version_ | 1818432019194970112 |
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| author | Joshua Xin De Ang Khatijah Yaman Khamisah Abdul Kadir Asmad Matusop Balbir Singh |
| author_facet | Joshua Xin De Ang Khatijah Yaman Khamisah Abdul Kadir Asmad Matusop Balbir Singh |
| author_sort | Joshua Xin De Ang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Plasmodium knowlesi is the main cause of malaria in Sarawak, where studies on vectors of P. knowlesi have been conducted in only two districts. Anopheles balabacensis and An. donaldi were incriminated as vectors in Lawas and An. latens in Kapit. We studied a third location in Sarawak, Betong, where of 2169 mosquitoes collected over 36 days using human-landing catches, 169 (7.8%) were Anopheles spp. PCR and phylogenetic analyses identified P. knowlesi and/or P. cynomolgi, P. fieldi, P. inui, P. coatneyi and possibly novel Plasmodium spp. in salivary glands of An. latens and An. introlatus from the Leucosphyrus Group and in An. collessi and An. roperi from the Umbrosus Group. Phylogenetic analyses of cytochrome oxidase subunit I sequences indicated three P. knowlesi-positive An. introlatus had been misidentified morphologically as An. latens, while An. collessi and An. roperi could not be delineated using the region sequenced. Almost all vectors from the Leucosphyrus Group were biting after 1800 h but those belonging to the Umbrosus Group were also biting between 0700 and 1100 h. Our study incriminated new vectors of knowlesi malaria in Sarawak and underscores the importance of including entomological studies during the daytime to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the transmission dynamics of malaria. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T15:58:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-34a71a38ab4c4d88b35f981042c66841 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T15:58:32Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-34a71a38ab4c4d88b35f981042c668412022-12-21T22:55:13ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222021-04-0111111210.1038/s41598-021-86107-3New vectors that are early feeders for Plasmodium knowlesi and other simian malaria parasites in Sarawak, Malaysian BorneoJoshua Xin De Ang0Khatijah Yaman1Khamisah Abdul Kadir2Asmad Matusop3Balbir Singh4Malaria Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia SarawakMalaria Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia SarawakMalaria Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia SarawakSarawak Department of HealthMalaria Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia SarawakAbstract Plasmodium knowlesi is the main cause of malaria in Sarawak, where studies on vectors of P. knowlesi have been conducted in only two districts. Anopheles balabacensis and An. donaldi were incriminated as vectors in Lawas and An. latens in Kapit. We studied a third location in Sarawak, Betong, where of 2169 mosquitoes collected over 36 days using human-landing catches, 169 (7.8%) were Anopheles spp. PCR and phylogenetic analyses identified P. knowlesi and/or P. cynomolgi, P. fieldi, P. inui, P. coatneyi and possibly novel Plasmodium spp. in salivary glands of An. latens and An. introlatus from the Leucosphyrus Group and in An. collessi and An. roperi from the Umbrosus Group. Phylogenetic analyses of cytochrome oxidase subunit I sequences indicated three P. knowlesi-positive An. introlatus had been misidentified morphologically as An. latens, while An. collessi and An. roperi could not be delineated using the region sequenced. Almost all vectors from the Leucosphyrus Group were biting after 1800 h but those belonging to the Umbrosus Group were also biting between 0700 and 1100 h. Our study incriminated new vectors of knowlesi malaria in Sarawak and underscores the importance of including entomological studies during the daytime to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the transmission dynamics of malaria.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86107-3 |
| spellingShingle | Joshua Xin De Ang Khatijah Yaman Khamisah Abdul Kadir Asmad Matusop Balbir Singh New vectors that are early feeders for Plasmodium knowlesi and other simian malaria parasites in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo Scientific Reports |
| title | New vectors that are early feeders for Plasmodium knowlesi and other simian malaria parasites in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo |
| title_full | New vectors that are early feeders for Plasmodium knowlesi and other simian malaria parasites in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo |
| title_fullStr | New vectors that are early feeders for Plasmodium knowlesi and other simian malaria parasites in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo |
| title_full_unstemmed | New vectors that are early feeders for Plasmodium knowlesi and other simian malaria parasites in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo |
| title_short | New vectors that are early feeders for Plasmodium knowlesi and other simian malaria parasites in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo |
| title_sort | new vectors that are early feeders for plasmodium knowlesi and other simian malaria parasites in sarawak malaysian borneo |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-86107-3 |
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