Q Fever: Seroprevalence, Risk Factors in Slaughter Livestock and Genotypes of <i>Coxiella burnetii</i> in South Africa
Q fever is a neglected zoonosis in South Africa, causing significant losses in livestock and game animals through reproductive disorders. However, there are limited studies on the extent of <i>Coxiella burnetii</i> infections in livestock in South Africa. Further, there is also lack of k...
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/3/258 |
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| author | Maruping Mangena Nomakorinte Gcebe Rian Pierneef Peter N. Thompson Abiodun A. Adesiyun |
| author_facet | Maruping Mangena Nomakorinte Gcebe Rian Pierneef Peter N. Thompson Abiodun A. Adesiyun |
| author_sort | Maruping Mangena |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Q fever is a neglected zoonosis in South Africa, causing significant losses in livestock and game animals through reproductive disorders. However, there are limited studies on the extent of <i>Coxiella burnetii</i> infections in livestock in South Africa. Further, there is also lack of knowledge about the types of <i>C. burnetii</i> strains that are currently circulating in the country. Therefore, a cross-sectional, abattoir-based study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of <i>C. burnetii</i> and associated risk factors, and to characterize <i>C. burnetii</i> strains from slaughter livestock at red meat abattoirs in Gauteng, South Africa. Of the 507 animals tested, 6.9% (95% CI: 4.9–9.5%) were positive for antibodies against <i>C. burnetii</i>. The seroprevalence was 9.4% (31/331) in cattle, 4.3% (3/69) in sheep, and 0.9% (1/107) in pigs. Out of the 63 tissue samples from 35 seropositive animals including material from two sheep aborted fetuses from Mangaung district (Free State province), 12.7% (8/63) tested positive by IS<i>1111</i> PCR. Genotyping of the eight PCR-positive tissues from eight animals by MLVA revealed two novel genotypes, not available in <i>Coxiella</i> MLVA databases. It is concluded that slaughter animals pose a risk of exposing abattoir and farm workers to <i>C. burnetii</i> in South Africa. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:33:17Z |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:33:17Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-34c6c1285e644c37857db1e0657d60ff2023-12-11T18:18:28ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172021-02-0110325810.3390/pathogens10030258Q Fever: Seroprevalence, Risk Factors in Slaughter Livestock and Genotypes of <i>Coxiella burnetii</i> in South AfricaMaruping Mangena0Nomakorinte Gcebe1Rian Pierneef2Peter N. Thompson3Abiodun A. Adesiyun4Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South AfricaAgricultural Research Council–Bacteriology and Zoonotic Diseases Diagnostic Laboratory, Onderstepoort Veterinary Research, Private Bag X 05, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South AfricaAgricultural Research Council-Biotechnology Platform, 100 Old Soutpan Road, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South AfricaDepartment of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South AfricaDepartment of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South AfricaQ fever is a neglected zoonosis in South Africa, causing significant losses in livestock and game animals through reproductive disorders. However, there are limited studies on the extent of <i>Coxiella burnetii</i> infections in livestock in South Africa. Further, there is also lack of knowledge about the types of <i>C. burnetii</i> strains that are currently circulating in the country. Therefore, a cross-sectional, abattoir-based study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of <i>C. burnetii</i> and associated risk factors, and to characterize <i>C. burnetii</i> strains from slaughter livestock at red meat abattoirs in Gauteng, South Africa. Of the 507 animals tested, 6.9% (95% CI: 4.9–9.5%) were positive for antibodies against <i>C. burnetii</i>. The seroprevalence was 9.4% (31/331) in cattle, 4.3% (3/69) in sheep, and 0.9% (1/107) in pigs. Out of the 63 tissue samples from 35 seropositive animals including material from two sheep aborted fetuses from Mangaung district (Free State province), 12.7% (8/63) tested positive by IS<i>1111</i> PCR. Genotyping of the eight PCR-positive tissues from eight animals by MLVA revealed two novel genotypes, not available in <i>Coxiella</i> MLVA databases. It is concluded that slaughter animals pose a risk of exposing abattoir and farm workers to <i>C. burnetii</i> in South Africa.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/3/258LCVsSCVsELISAtissuesPCRMLVA |
| spellingShingle | Maruping Mangena Nomakorinte Gcebe Rian Pierneef Peter N. Thompson Abiodun A. Adesiyun Q Fever: Seroprevalence, Risk Factors in Slaughter Livestock and Genotypes of <i>Coxiella burnetii</i> in South Africa Pathogens LCVs SCVs ELISA tissues PCR MLVA |
| title | Q Fever: Seroprevalence, Risk Factors in Slaughter Livestock and Genotypes of <i>Coxiella burnetii</i> in South Africa |
| title_full | Q Fever: Seroprevalence, Risk Factors in Slaughter Livestock and Genotypes of <i>Coxiella burnetii</i> in South Africa |
| title_fullStr | Q Fever: Seroprevalence, Risk Factors in Slaughter Livestock and Genotypes of <i>Coxiella burnetii</i> in South Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | Q Fever: Seroprevalence, Risk Factors in Slaughter Livestock and Genotypes of <i>Coxiella burnetii</i> in South Africa |
| title_short | Q Fever: Seroprevalence, Risk Factors in Slaughter Livestock and Genotypes of <i>Coxiella burnetii</i> in South Africa |
| title_sort | q fever seroprevalence risk factors in slaughter livestock and genotypes of i coxiella burnetii i in south africa |
| topic | LCVs SCVs ELISA tissues PCR MLVA |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/3/258 |
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