Sex-Specific Temporal Trends in Overweight and Obese Among Schoolchildren From 2009 to 2018: An Age Period Cohort Analysis
Background: Our study examined the age, period, and cohort effects on overweight and obesity in children using a 10-year dataset collected from schoolchildren in Hualien, Taiwan.Methods: We used data from the annual health checkup of a total of 94,661 schoolchildren in primary schools and junior hig...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2021.615483/full |
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| author | Yung-Chieh Chang Wan-Hua Hsieh Sen-Fang Huang Hsinyi Hsiao Ying-Wei Wang Ying-Wei Wang Chia-Hsiang Chu Chia-Hsiang Chu Shu-Hui Wen |
| author_facet | Yung-Chieh Chang Wan-Hua Hsieh Sen-Fang Huang Hsinyi Hsiao Ying-Wei Wang Ying-Wei Wang Chia-Hsiang Chu Chia-Hsiang Chu Shu-Hui Wen |
| author_sort | Yung-Chieh Chang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Our study examined the age, period, and cohort effects on overweight and obesity in children using a 10-year dataset collected from schoolchildren in Hualien, Taiwan.Methods: We used data from the annual health checkup of a total of 94,661 schoolchildren in primary schools and junior high schools in Hualien from 2009 to 2018. Children were defined as overweight or obese by the gender- and age-specific norm of the body mass index. We conducted the age-period-cohort (APC) analysis in boys and girls separately.Results: From 2009 to 2018, the rates of children overweight and obese were 12.78 and 14.23%, respectively. Boys had higher rates of overweight and obesity than girls (29.73 vs. 24.03%, P < 0.001). Based on APC analysis results, positive age effect existed regardless of gender. The risk of overweight or obesity of children aged 9 or 12 years was significantly higher compared to the average rate. As for period effect, a fluctuating downward trend in overweight was evident in 2016, and a similar trend in obesity was seen in 2017 across gender groups. The birth cohort of 2007 to 2009 had a significant higher proportion of overweight and obese than other birth cohorts. This indicated that the proportion of children overweight and obese in the young generation is higher than that in the old generation.Conclusion: An increased risk of children overweight or obese was associated with age and later birth cohort. For the period effect, the trend in the prevalence of overweight and obesity fluctuated downward slowly from 2016 to 2017. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T23:18:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-34cd6406d13c4d2795ef9fe2534ee652 |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T23:18:40Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-34cd6406d13c4d2795ef9fe2534ee6522022-12-21T22:12:13ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pediatrics2296-23602021-05-01910.3389/fped.2021.615483615483Sex-Specific Temporal Trends in Overweight and Obese Among Schoolchildren From 2009 to 2018: An Age Period Cohort AnalysisYung-Chieh Chang0Wan-Hua Hsieh1Sen-Fang Huang2Hsinyi Hsiao3Ying-Wei Wang4Ying-Wei Wang5Chia-Hsiang Chu6Chia-Hsiang Chu7Shu-Hui Wen8Department of Pediatrics, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, TaiwanDepartment of Public Health, College of Medicine, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, TaiwanCenter for Physical Education Teaching, College of Education and Communication, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, TaiwanDepartment of Social Work, College of Humanities and Social Science, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, TaiwanSchool of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, TaiwanDepartment of Family Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, TaiwanDepartment of Pediatrics, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, TaiwanHualien County Health Bureau, Hualien, TaiwanDepartment of Public Health, College of Medicine, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, TaiwanBackground: Our study examined the age, period, and cohort effects on overweight and obesity in children using a 10-year dataset collected from schoolchildren in Hualien, Taiwan.Methods: We used data from the annual health checkup of a total of 94,661 schoolchildren in primary schools and junior high schools in Hualien from 2009 to 2018. Children were defined as overweight or obese by the gender- and age-specific norm of the body mass index. We conducted the age-period-cohort (APC) analysis in boys and girls separately.Results: From 2009 to 2018, the rates of children overweight and obese were 12.78 and 14.23%, respectively. Boys had higher rates of overweight and obesity than girls (29.73 vs. 24.03%, P < 0.001). Based on APC analysis results, positive age effect existed regardless of gender. The risk of overweight or obesity of children aged 9 or 12 years was significantly higher compared to the average rate. As for period effect, a fluctuating downward trend in overweight was evident in 2016, and a similar trend in obesity was seen in 2017 across gender groups. The birth cohort of 2007 to 2009 had a significant higher proportion of overweight and obese than other birth cohorts. This indicated that the proportion of children overweight and obese in the young generation is higher than that in the old generation.Conclusion: An increased risk of children overweight or obese was associated with age and later birth cohort. For the period effect, the trend in the prevalence of overweight and obesity fluctuated downward slowly from 2016 to 2017.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2021.615483/fullage-period-cohort analysisbody mass indexchildhood obesitygenderpoisson regression |
| spellingShingle | Yung-Chieh Chang Wan-Hua Hsieh Sen-Fang Huang Hsinyi Hsiao Ying-Wei Wang Ying-Wei Wang Chia-Hsiang Chu Chia-Hsiang Chu Shu-Hui Wen Sex-Specific Temporal Trends in Overweight and Obese Among Schoolchildren From 2009 to 2018: An Age Period Cohort Analysis Frontiers in Pediatrics age-period-cohort analysis body mass index childhood obesity gender poisson regression |
| title | Sex-Specific Temporal Trends in Overweight and Obese Among Schoolchildren From 2009 to 2018: An Age Period Cohort Analysis |
| title_full | Sex-Specific Temporal Trends in Overweight and Obese Among Schoolchildren From 2009 to 2018: An Age Period Cohort Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Sex-Specific Temporal Trends in Overweight and Obese Among Schoolchildren From 2009 to 2018: An Age Period Cohort Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sex-Specific Temporal Trends in Overweight and Obese Among Schoolchildren From 2009 to 2018: An Age Period Cohort Analysis |
| title_short | Sex-Specific Temporal Trends in Overweight and Obese Among Schoolchildren From 2009 to 2018: An Age Period Cohort Analysis |
| title_sort | sex specific temporal trends in overweight and obese among schoolchildren from 2009 to 2018 an age period cohort analysis |
| topic | age-period-cohort analysis body mass index childhood obesity gender poisson regression |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2021.615483/full |
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