Supercritical Water Gasification of Coconut Shell Impregnated with a Nickel Nanocatalyst: Box–Behnken Design and Process Evaluation
The energy conversion of nickel-impregnated coconut shells using supercritical water has not yet been explored. The impregnation process was conducted at room temperature and a pH of 5.80 for 72 h. Characterization of the prepared sample confirmed the presence of nickel nanoparticles with an average...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/8/3563 |
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| author | Marcela M. Marcelino Gary A. Leeke Guozhan Jiang Jude A. Onwudili Carine T. Alves Delano M. de Santana Felipe A. Torres Ednildo A. Torres Silvio A. B. Vieira de Melo |
| author_facet | Marcela M. Marcelino Gary A. Leeke Guozhan Jiang Jude A. Onwudili Carine T. Alves Delano M. de Santana Felipe A. Torres Ednildo A. Torres Silvio A. B. Vieira de Melo |
| author_sort | Marcela M. Marcelino |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The energy conversion of nickel-impregnated coconut shells using supercritical water has not yet been explored. The impregnation process was conducted at room temperature and a pH of 5.80 for 72 h. Characterization of the prepared sample confirmed the presence of nickel nanoparticles with an average size of 7.15 nm. The gasification of control and impregnated samples was performed at 400–500 °C, biomass loading from 20 to 30 wt% and residence time from 20 to 60 min. The response surface methodology (RSM) approach, with a Box–Behnken method, was used to design the experiments. The optimization model showed that the non-catalytic process at 500 °C, 60 min and 20 wt% of biomass loading could promote an H<sub>2</sub> yield of 8.8 mol% and gasification efficiency of 47.6%. The gasification of nickel-impregnated coconut shells showed significantly higher gasification efficiency (58.6%) and hydrogen yield (17.2 mol%) with greater carbon and hydrogen efficiencies (109.4 and 116.9%) when compared to the non-catalytic process. The presence of nickel particles in the biomass matrix as nanocatalysts promoted higher hydrogen production and supercritical water gasification efficiency. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:02:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-34cfd80a8e31478d9a32629ac401fff3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:02:53Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-34cfd80a8e31478d9a32629ac401fff32023-11-17T19:06:58ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732023-04-01168356310.3390/en16083563Supercritical Water Gasification of Coconut Shell Impregnated with a Nickel Nanocatalyst: Box–Behnken Design and Process EvaluationMarcela M. Marcelino0Gary A. Leeke1Guozhan Jiang2Jude A. Onwudili3Carine T. Alves4Delano M. de Santana5Felipe A. Torres6Ednildo A. Torres7Silvio A. B. Vieira de Melo8Programa de Engenharia Industrial, Escola Politécnica, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Prof. Aristides Novis, 2, 6° Andar, Federação, Salvador 40210-630, BrazilSchool of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKSchool of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UKEnergy & Bioproducts Research Institute, School of Infrastructure & Sustainable Engineering, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UKPrograma de Engenharia Industrial, Escola Politécnica, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Prof. Aristides Novis, 2, 6° Andar, Federação, Salvador 40210-630, BrazilPrograma de Engenharia Industrial, Escola Politécnica, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Prof. Aristides Novis, 2, 6° Andar, Federação, Salvador 40210-630, BrazilPrograma de Engenharia Industrial, Escola Politécnica, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Prof. Aristides Novis, 2, 6° Andar, Federação, Salvador 40210-630, BrazilPrograma de Engenharia Industrial, Escola Politécnica, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Prof. Aristides Novis, 2, 6° Andar, Federação, Salvador 40210-630, BrazilPrograma de Engenharia Industrial, Escola Politécnica, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Prof. Aristides Novis, 2, 6° Andar, Federação, Salvador 40210-630, BrazilThe energy conversion of nickel-impregnated coconut shells using supercritical water has not yet been explored. The impregnation process was conducted at room temperature and a pH of 5.80 for 72 h. Characterization of the prepared sample confirmed the presence of nickel nanoparticles with an average size of 7.15 nm. The gasification of control and impregnated samples was performed at 400–500 °C, biomass loading from 20 to 30 wt% and residence time from 20 to 60 min. The response surface methodology (RSM) approach, with a Box–Behnken method, was used to design the experiments. The optimization model showed that the non-catalytic process at 500 °C, 60 min and 20 wt% of biomass loading could promote an H<sub>2</sub> yield of 8.8 mol% and gasification efficiency of 47.6%. The gasification of nickel-impregnated coconut shells showed significantly higher gasification efficiency (58.6%) and hydrogen yield (17.2 mol%) with greater carbon and hydrogen efficiencies (109.4 and 116.9%) when compared to the non-catalytic process. The presence of nickel particles in the biomass matrix as nanocatalysts promoted higher hydrogen production and supercritical water gasification efficiency.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/8/3563coconut shellsupercritical water gasificationhydrogenefficiencynickel |
| spellingShingle | Marcela M. Marcelino Gary A. Leeke Guozhan Jiang Jude A. Onwudili Carine T. Alves Delano M. de Santana Felipe A. Torres Ednildo A. Torres Silvio A. B. Vieira de Melo Supercritical Water Gasification of Coconut Shell Impregnated with a Nickel Nanocatalyst: Box–Behnken Design and Process Evaluation Energies coconut shell supercritical water gasification hydrogen efficiency nickel |
| title | Supercritical Water Gasification of Coconut Shell Impregnated with a Nickel Nanocatalyst: Box–Behnken Design and Process Evaluation |
| title_full | Supercritical Water Gasification of Coconut Shell Impregnated with a Nickel Nanocatalyst: Box–Behnken Design and Process Evaluation |
| title_fullStr | Supercritical Water Gasification of Coconut Shell Impregnated with a Nickel Nanocatalyst: Box–Behnken Design and Process Evaluation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Supercritical Water Gasification of Coconut Shell Impregnated with a Nickel Nanocatalyst: Box–Behnken Design and Process Evaluation |
| title_short | Supercritical Water Gasification of Coconut Shell Impregnated with a Nickel Nanocatalyst: Box–Behnken Design and Process Evaluation |
| title_sort | supercritical water gasification of coconut shell impregnated with a nickel nanocatalyst box behnken design and process evaluation |
| topic | coconut shell supercritical water gasification hydrogen efficiency nickel |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/8/3563 |
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