AXL receptor tyrosine kinase as a promising anti-cancer approach: functions, molecular mechanisms and clinical applications
Abstract Molecular targeted therapy for cancer has been a research hotspot for decades. AXL is a member of the TAM family with the high-affinity ligand growth arrest-specific protein 6 (GAS6). The Gas6/AXL signalling pathway is associated with tumour cell growth, metastasis, invasion, epithelial-mes...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2019-11-01
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| Series: | Molecular Cancer |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12943-019-1090-3 |
| _version_ | 1818342617353551872 |
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| author | Chenjing Zhu Yuquan Wei Xiawei Wei |
| author_facet | Chenjing Zhu Yuquan Wei Xiawei Wei |
| author_sort | Chenjing Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Molecular targeted therapy for cancer has been a research hotspot for decades. AXL is a member of the TAM family with the high-affinity ligand growth arrest-specific protein 6 (GAS6). The Gas6/AXL signalling pathway is associated with tumour cell growth, metastasis, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, drug resistance, immune regulation and stem cell maintenance. Different therapeutic agents targeting AXL have been developed, typically including small molecule inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), nucleotide aptamers, soluble receptors, and several natural compounds. In this review, we first provide a comprehensive discussion of the structure, function, regulation, and signalling pathways of AXL. Then, we highlight recent strategies for targeting AXL in the treatment of cancer.AXL-targeted drugs, either as single agents or in combination with conventional chemotherapy or other small molecule inhibitors, are likely to improve the survival of many patients. However, future investigations into AXL molecular signalling networks and robust predictive biomarkers are warranted to select patients who could receive clinical benefit and to avoid potential toxicities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T16:17:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-34f90097190e412d9db5558bc7397754 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1476-4598 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T16:17:32Z |
| publishDate | 2019-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecular Cancer |
| spelling | doaj.art-34f90097190e412d9db5558bc73977542022-12-21T23:38:49ZengBMCMolecular Cancer1476-45982019-11-0118112210.1186/s12943-019-1090-3AXL receptor tyrosine kinase as a promising anti-cancer approach: functions, molecular mechanisms and clinical applicationsChenjing Zhu0Yuquan Wei1Xiawei Wei2Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityLaboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityLaboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityAbstract Molecular targeted therapy for cancer has been a research hotspot for decades. AXL is a member of the TAM family with the high-affinity ligand growth arrest-specific protein 6 (GAS6). The Gas6/AXL signalling pathway is associated with tumour cell growth, metastasis, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, drug resistance, immune regulation and stem cell maintenance. Different therapeutic agents targeting AXL have been developed, typically including small molecule inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), nucleotide aptamers, soluble receptors, and several natural compounds. In this review, we first provide a comprehensive discussion of the structure, function, regulation, and signalling pathways of AXL. Then, we highlight recent strategies for targeting AXL in the treatment of cancer.AXL-targeted drugs, either as single agents or in combination with conventional chemotherapy or other small molecule inhibitors, are likely to improve the survival of many patients. However, future investigations into AXL molecular signalling networks and robust predictive biomarkers are warranted to select patients who could receive clinical benefit and to avoid potential toxicities.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12943-019-1090-3AXLReceptor tyrosine kinaseSignaling pathwayInhibitorCancer |
| spellingShingle | Chenjing Zhu Yuquan Wei Xiawei Wei AXL receptor tyrosine kinase as a promising anti-cancer approach: functions, molecular mechanisms and clinical applications Molecular Cancer AXL Receptor tyrosine kinase Signaling pathway Inhibitor Cancer |
| title | AXL receptor tyrosine kinase as a promising anti-cancer approach: functions, molecular mechanisms and clinical applications |
| title_full | AXL receptor tyrosine kinase as a promising anti-cancer approach: functions, molecular mechanisms and clinical applications |
| title_fullStr | AXL receptor tyrosine kinase as a promising anti-cancer approach: functions, molecular mechanisms and clinical applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | AXL receptor tyrosine kinase as a promising anti-cancer approach: functions, molecular mechanisms and clinical applications |
| title_short | AXL receptor tyrosine kinase as a promising anti-cancer approach: functions, molecular mechanisms and clinical applications |
| title_sort | axl receptor tyrosine kinase as a promising anti cancer approach functions molecular mechanisms and clinical applications |
| topic | AXL Receptor tyrosine kinase Signaling pathway Inhibitor Cancer |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12943-019-1090-3 |
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