In-situ cooling capacity of a hydrocarbon fuel under supercritical conditions: Heat sink, coke deposition, and impact of initiator
The work investigates the suitability of a multi-component hydrocarbon fuel, namely HCF-1, as a potential fuel-cum-coolant for space vehicles under supercritical environments. The effects of reactor temperature, space-time, and initiator loading on fuel conversion, coke deposition, heat sink capacit...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2022-09-01
|
| Series: | Fuel Communications |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666052022000255 |
| _version_ | 1811297299716898816 |
|---|---|
| author | Vuchuru Kalyan Sundaraiah Konda Vipin KB Srikanta Dinda |
| author_facet | Vuchuru Kalyan Sundaraiah Konda Vipin KB Srikanta Dinda |
| author_sort | Vuchuru Kalyan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The work investigates the suitability of a multi-component hydrocarbon fuel, namely HCF-1, as a potential fuel-cum-coolant for space vehicles under supercritical environments. The effects of reactor temperature, space-time, and initiator loading on fuel conversion, coke deposition, heat sink capacity, and gas selectivity are examined. The obtained value of fuel conversion, coke deposition rate, and chemical heat sink at 680 °C and 55 bar pressure are 10.3 wt.%, 7 mg/min, and 805 kJ/kg, respectively. The increase of fuel space-time from 2.8 s to 8.5 s increased the endothermicity by about 1.8-times. A decreasing trend in the olefin-to-alkane ratio with temperature and space-time is observed. The microscopic analysis confirmed the presence of both spherical-shaped (amorphous) and ribbon-like (filamentous) structures in the coke deposits. The estimated value of the apparent activation energy of the HCF-1 cracking reaction is 125 kJ/mole. Tributylamine (TBA) is recognized as a potential initiator to improve the cracking characteristics of the HCF-1. The fuel conversion and endothermicity increased by 58% and 18%, respectively, in the presence of 10,000 ppm of TBA at 650 °C. From the investigation, it can be said that the HCF-1 has a good potential to act as an endothermic fuel. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:02:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-34fdc50378e74661921ba63441763860 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-0520 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T06:02:11Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fuel Communications |
| spelling | doaj.art-34fdc50378e74661921ba634417638602022-12-22T02:59:24ZengElsevierFuel Communications2666-05202022-09-0112100075In-situ cooling capacity of a hydrocarbon fuel under supercritical conditions: Heat sink, coke deposition, and impact of initiatorVuchuru Kalyan0Sundaraiah Konda1Vipin KB2Srikanta Dinda3Department of chemical engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad-500078, Telangana, IndiaDepartment of chemical engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad-500078, Telangana, India; Air Breathing Propulsion Division, Defence Research and Development Laboratory, Hyderabad, Telangana-500058, IndiaDepartment of chemical engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad-500078, Telangana, IndiaDepartment of chemical engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad-500078, Telangana, India; Corresponding author.The work investigates the suitability of a multi-component hydrocarbon fuel, namely HCF-1, as a potential fuel-cum-coolant for space vehicles under supercritical environments. The effects of reactor temperature, space-time, and initiator loading on fuel conversion, coke deposition, heat sink capacity, and gas selectivity are examined. The obtained value of fuel conversion, coke deposition rate, and chemical heat sink at 680 °C and 55 bar pressure are 10.3 wt.%, 7 mg/min, and 805 kJ/kg, respectively. The increase of fuel space-time from 2.8 s to 8.5 s increased the endothermicity by about 1.8-times. A decreasing trend in the olefin-to-alkane ratio with temperature and space-time is observed. The microscopic analysis confirmed the presence of both spherical-shaped (amorphous) and ribbon-like (filamentous) structures in the coke deposits. The estimated value of the apparent activation energy of the HCF-1 cracking reaction is 125 kJ/mole. Tributylamine (TBA) is recognized as a potential initiator to improve the cracking characteristics of the HCF-1. The fuel conversion and endothermicity increased by 58% and 18%, respectively, in the presence of 10,000 ppm of TBA at 650 °C. From the investigation, it can be said that the HCF-1 has a good potential to act as an endothermic fuel.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666052022000255Supercritical crackingInitiatorFuel conversionCoke depositionChemical heat sink |
| spellingShingle | Vuchuru Kalyan Sundaraiah Konda Vipin KB Srikanta Dinda In-situ cooling capacity of a hydrocarbon fuel under supercritical conditions: Heat sink, coke deposition, and impact of initiator Fuel Communications Supercritical cracking Initiator Fuel conversion Coke deposition Chemical heat sink |
| title | In-situ cooling capacity of a hydrocarbon fuel under supercritical conditions: Heat sink, coke deposition, and impact of initiator |
| title_full | In-situ cooling capacity of a hydrocarbon fuel under supercritical conditions: Heat sink, coke deposition, and impact of initiator |
| title_fullStr | In-situ cooling capacity of a hydrocarbon fuel under supercritical conditions: Heat sink, coke deposition, and impact of initiator |
| title_full_unstemmed | In-situ cooling capacity of a hydrocarbon fuel under supercritical conditions: Heat sink, coke deposition, and impact of initiator |
| title_short | In-situ cooling capacity of a hydrocarbon fuel under supercritical conditions: Heat sink, coke deposition, and impact of initiator |
| title_sort | in situ cooling capacity of a hydrocarbon fuel under supercritical conditions heat sink coke deposition and impact of initiator |
| topic | Supercritical cracking Initiator Fuel conversion Coke deposition Chemical heat sink |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666052022000255 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT vuchurukalyan insitucoolingcapacityofahydrocarbonfuelundersupercriticalconditionsheatsinkcokedepositionandimpactofinitiator AT sundaraiahkonda insitucoolingcapacityofahydrocarbonfuelundersupercriticalconditionsheatsinkcokedepositionandimpactofinitiator AT vipinkb insitucoolingcapacityofahydrocarbonfuelundersupercriticalconditionsheatsinkcokedepositionandimpactofinitiator AT srikantadinda insitucoolingcapacityofahydrocarbonfuelundersupercriticalconditionsheatsinkcokedepositionandimpactofinitiator |