Review of Additive Manufacturing Techniques for Large-Scale Metal Functionally Graded Materials
Functionally graded materials (FGMs), which constitute a new type of composite material, have received considerable attention in industry because of the spatial gradient of their composition and the microstructure-induced gradient in their material performance, which make them better suited for high...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Crystals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/12/6/858 |
| _version_ | 1797488431615442944 |
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| author | Ruiying Zhang Fan Jiang Long Xue Junyu Yu |
| author_facet | Ruiying Zhang Fan Jiang Long Xue Junyu Yu |
| author_sort | Ruiying Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Functionally graded materials (FGMs), which constitute a new type of composite material, have received considerable attention in industry because of the spatial gradient of their composition and the microstructure-induced gradient in their material performance, which make them better suited for high-performance multifunctional applications. Additive manufacturing (AM) has become one of the most promising techniques for the manufacture of materials and structures because of its high flexibility. The combination of advanced materials (FGMs) and advanced manufacturing methods (AM) is expected to facilitate the further development of such engineering materials. In this paper, the definition, historical development and material gradient types of FGMs are introduced. The classification, process principle and typical research results of the AM of metal FGMs are summarized and discussed. In particular, the research status of wire and arc additive manufacture (WAAM), which is more suitable for the preparation of large-scale metal FGMs, is reviewed in detail according to the types of FGMs, and a double-wire bypass plasma arc additive manufacturing technique, which is suitable for inducing a gradient along the direction of single-pass cladding, is proposed. On the basis of this summary of the important achievements made to date, future research is proposed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:03:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-34ff4e3c56d94679babaa9bfdcfdbf44 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:03:03Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Crystals |
| spelling | doaj.art-34ff4e3c56d94679babaa9bfdcfdbf442023-11-23T16:13:07ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522022-06-0112685810.3390/cryst12060858Review of Additive Manufacturing Techniques for Large-Scale Metal Functionally Graded MaterialsRuiying Zhang0Fan Jiang1Long Xue2Junyu Yu3School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102617, ChinaFaculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102617, ChinaBeijing Satellite Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Beijing 100094, ChinaFunctionally graded materials (FGMs), which constitute a new type of composite material, have received considerable attention in industry because of the spatial gradient of their composition and the microstructure-induced gradient in their material performance, which make them better suited for high-performance multifunctional applications. Additive manufacturing (AM) has become one of the most promising techniques for the manufacture of materials and structures because of its high flexibility. The combination of advanced materials (FGMs) and advanced manufacturing methods (AM) is expected to facilitate the further development of such engineering materials. In this paper, the definition, historical development and material gradient types of FGMs are introduced. The classification, process principle and typical research results of the AM of metal FGMs are summarized and discussed. In particular, the research status of wire and arc additive manufacture (WAAM), which is more suitable for the preparation of large-scale metal FGMs, is reviewed in detail according to the types of FGMs, and a double-wire bypass plasma arc additive manufacturing technique, which is suitable for inducing a gradient along the direction of single-pass cladding, is proposed. On the basis of this summary of the important achievements made to date, future research is proposed.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/12/6/858functionally graded materials (FGMs)material gradient typefunctionally graded additive manufacturingwire and arc additive manufacture (WAAM) |
| spellingShingle | Ruiying Zhang Fan Jiang Long Xue Junyu Yu Review of Additive Manufacturing Techniques for Large-Scale Metal Functionally Graded Materials Crystals functionally graded materials (FGMs) material gradient type functionally graded additive manufacturing wire and arc additive manufacture (WAAM) |
| title | Review of Additive Manufacturing Techniques for Large-Scale Metal Functionally Graded Materials |
| title_full | Review of Additive Manufacturing Techniques for Large-Scale Metal Functionally Graded Materials |
| title_fullStr | Review of Additive Manufacturing Techniques for Large-Scale Metal Functionally Graded Materials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Review of Additive Manufacturing Techniques for Large-Scale Metal Functionally Graded Materials |
| title_short | Review of Additive Manufacturing Techniques for Large-Scale Metal Functionally Graded Materials |
| title_sort | review of additive manufacturing techniques for large scale metal functionally graded materials |
| topic | functionally graded materials (FGMs) material gradient type functionally graded additive manufacturing wire and arc additive manufacture (WAAM) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/12/6/858 |
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