Radiation fog properties in two consecutive events under polluted and clean conditions in the Yangtze River Delta, China: a simulation study
<p>Aerosol–cloud interaction (ACI) in fog and planetary boundary layer (PBL) conditions plays critical roles in the fog life cycle. However, it is not clear how ACI in the first fog (Fog1) affects the PBL and subsequently affects ACI in the second fog (Fog2), which is important information for...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/9873/2023/acp-23-9873-2023.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797691482395639808 |
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| author | N. Shao C. Lu X. Jia Y. Wang Y. Li Y. Yin B. Zhu T. Zhao D. Liu S. Niu S. Niu S. Fan S. Yan J. Lv |
| author_facet | N. Shao C. Lu X. Jia Y. Wang Y. Li Y. Yin B. Zhu T. Zhao D. Liu S. Niu S. Niu S. Fan S. Yan J. Lv |
| author_sort | N. Shao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Aerosol–cloud interaction (ACI) in fog and planetary boundary layer (PBL) conditions plays critical roles in the fog life cycle. However, it is not clear how ACI in the first fog (Fog1) affects the PBL and subsequently affects ACI in the second fog (Fog2), which is important information for understanding the interaction between ACI and the PBL, as well as their effects on fog properties. To fill this knowledge gap, we simulate two successive radiation fog events in the Yangtze River Delta, China, using the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem). Our simulations indicate that the PBL conditions conducive to Fog2 formation are
affected by ACI with high aerosol loading in Fog1; subsequently, the PBL
promotes ACI in Fog2, resulting in a higher liquid water content, higher
droplet number concentration, smaller droplet size, larger fog optical
depth, wider fog distribution, and longer fog lifetime in Fog2 than in Fog1.
This phenomenon is related to the following physical factors. The first
factor involves meteorological conditions conducive to Fog2 formation,
including low temperature, high humidity, and high stability. The second
factor is the feedbacks between microphysics and radiative cooling. A higher
fog droplet number concentration increases the liquid water path and fog
optical depth, thereby enhancing long-wave radiative cooling and
condensation near the fog top. The third factor is the feedbacks between
macrophysics, radiation, and turbulence. A higher fog top presents stronger
long-wave radiative cooling near the fog top than near the fog base, which
weakens temperature inversion and strengthens turbulence, ultimately
increasing the fog-top height and fog area.</p>
<p>In summary, under polluted conditions, ACI postpones the dissipation of Fog1 owing to these two feedbacks and generates PBL meteorological conditions
that are more conducive to the formation of Fog2 than those prior to Fog1.
These conditions promote the earlier formation of Fog2, further enhancing
the two feedbacks and strengthening the ACI in Fog2. Our findings are
critical for studying the interaction between aerosols, fog, and the PBL;
moreover, they shed new light on ACI.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T02:13:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-350701e61d1a4dcaa7e4fd7f0cb224c0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T02:13:57Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-350701e61d1a4dcaa7e4fd7f0cb224c02023-09-06T09:49:10ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242023-09-01239873989010.5194/acp-23-9873-2023Radiation fog properties in two consecutive events under polluted and clean conditions in the Yangtze River Delta, China: a simulation studyN. Shao0C. Lu1X. Jia2Y. Wang3Y. Li4Y. Yin5B. Zhu6T. Zhao7D. Liu8S. Niu9S. Niu10S. Fan11S. Yan12J. Lv13China Meteorological Administration Aerosol-Cloud and Precipitation Key Laboratory/Collaborative Innovation Centre on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaChina Meteorological Administration Aerosol-Cloud and Precipitation Key Laboratory/Collaborative Innovation Centre on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaInstitute of Urban Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100089, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Centre for Western Ecological Safety, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaChina Meteorological Administration Aerosol-Cloud and Precipitation Key Laboratory/Collaborative Innovation Centre on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaChina Meteorological Administration Aerosol-Cloud and Precipitation Key Laboratory/Collaborative Innovation Centre on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaChina Meteorological Administration Aerosol-Cloud and Precipitation Key Laboratory/Collaborative Innovation Centre on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaChina Meteorological Administration Aerosol-Cloud and Precipitation Key Laboratory/Collaborative Innovation Centre on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaKey Laboratory of Transportation Meteorology of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing Joint Institute for Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing 210041, ChinaChina Meteorological Administration Aerosol-Cloud and Precipitation Key Laboratory/Collaborative Innovation Centre on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaCollege of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Technology University, Nanjing 210009, ChinaChina Meteorological Administration Aerosol-Cloud and Precipitation Key Laboratory/Collaborative Innovation Centre on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, ChinaKey Laboratory of Transportation Meteorology of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing Joint Institute for Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing 210041, ChinaChina Meteorological Administration Aerosol-Cloud and Precipitation Key Laboratory/Collaborative Innovation Centre on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China<p>Aerosol–cloud interaction (ACI) in fog and planetary boundary layer (PBL) conditions plays critical roles in the fog life cycle. However, it is not clear how ACI in the first fog (Fog1) affects the PBL and subsequently affects ACI in the second fog (Fog2), which is important information for understanding the interaction between ACI and the PBL, as well as their effects on fog properties. To fill this knowledge gap, we simulate two successive radiation fog events in the Yangtze River Delta, China, using the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem). Our simulations indicate that the PBL conditions conducive to Fog2 formation are affected by ACI with high aerosol loading in Fog1; subsequently, the PBL promotes ACI in Fog2, resulting in a higher liquid water content, higher droplet number concentration, smaller droplet size, larger fog optical depth, wider fog distribution, and longer fog lifetime in Fog2 than in Fog1. This phenomenon is related to the following physical factors. The first factor involves meteorological conditions conducive to Fog2 formation, including low temperature, high humidity, and high stability. The second factor is the feedbacks between microphysics and radiative cooling. A higher fog droplet number concentration increases the liquid water path and fog optical depth, thereby enhancing long-wave radiative cooling and condensation near the fog top. The third factor is the feedbacks between macrophysics, radiation, and turbulence. A higher fog top presents stronger long-wave radiative cooling near the fog top than near the fog base, which weakens temperature inversion and strengthens turbulence, ultimately increasing the fog-top height and fog area.</p> <p>In summary, under polluted conditions, ACI postpones the dissipation of Fog1 owing to these two feedbacks and generates PBL meteorological conditions that are more conducive to the formation of Fog2 than those prior to Fog1. These conditions promote the earlier formation of Fog2, further enhancing the two feedbacks and strengthening the ACI in Fog2. Our findings are critical for studying the interaction between aerosols, fog, and the PBL; moreover, they shed new light on ACI.</p>https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/9873/2023/acp-23-9873-2023.pdf |
| spellingShingle | N. Shao C. Lu X. Jia Y. Wang Y. Li Y. Yin B. Zhu T. Zhao D. Liu S. Niu S. Niu S. Fan S. Yan J. Lv Radiation fog properties in two consecutive events under polluted and clean conditions in the Yangtze River Delta, China: a simulation study Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| title | Radiation fog properties in two consecutive events under polluted and clean conditions in the Yangtze River Delta, China: a simulation study |
| title_full | Radiation fog properties in two consecutive events under polluted and clean conditions in the Yangtze River Delta, China: a simulation study |
| title_fullStr | Radiation fog properties in two consecutive events under polluted and clean conditions in the Yangtze River Delta, China: a simulation study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Radiation fog properties in two consecutive events under polluted and clean conditions in the Yangtze River Delta, China: a simulation study |
| title_short | Radiation fog properties in two consecutive events under polluted and clean conditions in the Yangtze River Delta, China: a simulation study |
| title_sort | radiation fog properties in two consecutive events under polluted and clean conditions in the yangtze river delta china a simulation study |
| url | https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/9873/2023/acp-23-9873-2023.pdf |
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