The Apoplastic and Symplastic Antioxidant System in Onion: Response to Long-Term Salt Stress
The response of apoplastic antioxidant systems in root and leaf tissues from two onion genotypes (‘Texas 502’, salt-sensitive and ‘Granex 429’, salt-resistant) in response to salinity was studied. Electrolyte leakage data indicated the membrane integrity impai...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/1/67 |
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| author | Grisaly García María José Clemente-Moreno Pedro Díaz-Vivancos Marina García José Antonio Hernández |
| author_facet | Grisaly García María José Clemente-Moreno Pedro Díaz-Vivancos Marina García José Antonio Hernández |
| author_sort | Grisaly García |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The response of apoplastic antioxidant systems in root and leaf tissues from two onion genotypes (‘Texas 502’, salt-sensitive and ‘Granex 429’, salt-resistant) in response to salinity was studied. Electrolyte leakage data indicated the membrane integrity impairing by the effect of salts, especially in ‘Texas 502’. We detected superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POX) activity in the root and leaf apoplastic fractions from onion plants. Salinity increased SOD activity in the root symplast of ‘Texas 502’ and in ‘Granex 429’ leaves. In contrast, salinity reduced SOD activity in the leaf and root apoplastic fractions from ‘Texas 502’. In ‘Granex 429’, salt-stress increased leaf apoplastic POX activity and symplastic catalase (CAT) activity of both organs, but a decline in root apoplastic POX from ‘Texas 502’ took place. Salt-stress increased monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) in root and leaf symplast and in root glutathione reductase GR, mainly in ‘Granex 429’, but only in this genotype, leaf dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) activity increased. In contrast, a decline in leaf GR was produced only in ‘Texas 502’. Salinity increased leaf ASC levels, and no accumulation of dehydroascorbate (DHA) was observed in roots in both cases. These responses increased the redox state of ascorbate, especially in roots. In contrast, salinity declined reduced glutathione (GSH), but oxidised glutathione (GSSG) was accumulated in leaves, decreasing the redox state of glutathione. Salinity slightly increased root GSH concentration in the salt-tolerant genotype and was unchanged in the salt-sensitive genotype, but no accumulation of GSSG was produced, favoring the rise and/or maintenance of the redox state of the glutathione. These results suggest that the lower sensitivity to salt in ‘Granex 429’ could be related to a better performance of the antioxidant machinery under salinity conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T05:55:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-3514486ad41c46db917ae1e883ca7699 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T05:55:14Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-3514486ad41c46db917ae1e883ca76992023-09-03T04:37:31ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212020-01-01916710.3390/antiox9010067antiox9010067The Apoplastic and Symplastic Antioxidant System in Onion: Response to Long-Term Salt StressGrisaly García0María José Clemente-Moreno1Pedro Díaz-Vivancos2Marina García3José Antonio Hernández4Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Decanato de Agronomía, Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado UCLA, Barquisimeto 3001, Estado Lara, VenezuelaGrupo de Biotecnología de Frutales, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), 30100 Murcia, SpainGrupo de Biotecnología de Frutales, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), 30100 Murcia, SpainFacultad de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad Técnica de Manabí. Portoviejo, Manabí 130105, EcuadorGrupo de Biotecnología de Frutales, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS-CSIC), 30100 Murcia, SpainThe response of apoplastic antioxidant systems in root and leaf tissues from two onion genotypes (‘Texas 502’, salt-sensitive and ‘Granex 429’, salt-resistant) in response to salinity was studied. Electrolyte leakage data indicated the membrane integrity impairing by the effect of salts, especially in ‘Texas 502’. We detected superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POX) activity in the root and leaf apoplastic fractions from onion plants. Salinity increased SOD activity in the root symplast of ‘Texas 502’ and in ‘Granex 429’ leaves. In contrast, salinity reduced SOD activity in the leaf and root apoplastic fractions from ‘Texas 502’. In ‘Granex 429’, salt-stress increased leaf apoplastic POX activity and symplastic catalase (CAT) activity of both organs, but a decline in root apoplastic POX from ‘Texas 502’ took place. Salt-stress increased monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) in root and leaf symplast and in root glutathione reductase GR, mainly in ‘Granex 429’, but only in this genotype, leaf dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) activity increased. In contrast, a decline in leaf GR was produced only in ‘Texas 502’. Salinity increased leaf ASC levels, and no accumulation of dehydroascorbate (DHA) was observed in roots in both cases. These responses increased the redox state of ascorbate, especially in roots. In contrast, salinity declined reduced glutathione (GSH), but oxidised glutathione (GSSG) was accumulated in leaves, decreasing the redox state of glutathione. Salinity slightly increased root GSH concentration in the salt-tolerant genotype and was unchanged in the salt-sensitive genotype, but no accumulation of GSSG was produced, favoring the rise and/or maintenance of the redox state of the glutathione. These results suggest that the lower sensitivity to salt in ‘Granex 429’ could be related to a better performance of the antioxidant machinery under salinity conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/1/67<i>allium cepa</i>antioxidant defensesapoplastextracellular antioxidantsoxidative damagesalinitysymplast |
| spellingShingle | Grisaly García María José Clemente-Moreno Pedro Díaz-Vivancos Marina García José Antonio Hernández The Apoplastic and Symplastic Antioxidant System in Onion: Response to Long-Term Salt Stress Antioxidants <i>allium cepa</i> antioxidant defenses apoplast extracellular antioxidants oxidative damage salinity symplast |
| title | The Apoplastic and Symplastic Antioxidant System in Onion: Response to Long-Term Salt Stress |
| title_full | The Apoplastic and Symplastic Antioxidant System in Onion: Response to Long-Term Salt Stress |
| title_fullStr | The Apoplastic and Symplastic Antioxidant System in Onion: Response to Long-Term Salt Stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Apoplastic and Symplastic Antioxidant System in Onion: Response to Long-Term Salt Stress |
| title_short | The Apoplastic and Symplastic Antioxidant System in Onion: Response to Long-Term Salt Stress |
| title_sort | apoplastic and symplastic antioxidant system in onion response to long term salt stress |
| topic | <i>allium cepa</i> antioxidant defenses apoplast extracellular antioxidants oxidative damage salinity symplast |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/9/1/67 |
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