Chemical Constituents from the Leaves of <i>Ligustrum robustum</i> and Their Bioactivities
The leaves of <i>Ligustrum robustum</i> have been consumed as Ku-Ding-Cha for clearing heat and removing toxins, and they have been used as a folk medicine for curing hypertension, diabetes, and obesity in China. The phytochemical research on the leaves of <i>L. robustum</i>...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/1/362 |
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| author | Shi-Hui Lu Hao-Jiang Zuo Jing Huang Wei-Neng Li Jie-Lian Huang Xiu-Xia Li |
| author_facet | Shi-Hui Lu Hao-Jiang Zuo Jing Huang Wei-Neng Li Jie-Lian Huang Xiu-Xia Li |
| author_sort | Shi-Hui Lu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The leaves of <i>Ligustrum robustum</i> have been consumed as Ku-Ding-Cha for clearing heat and removing toxins, and they have been used as a folk medicine for curing hypertension, diabetes, and obesity in China. The phytochemical research on the leaves of <i>L. robustum</i> led to the isolation and identification of two new hexenol glycosides, two new butenol glycosides, and five new sugar esters, named ligurobustosides X (<b>1a</b>), X<sub>1</sub> (<b>1b</b>), Y (<b>2a</b>), and Y<sub>1</sub> (<b>2b</b>) and ligurobustates A (<b>3a</b>), B (<b>3b</b>), C (<b>4b</b>), D (<b>5a</b>), and E (<b>5b</b>), along with seven known compounds (<b>4a</b> and <b>6</b>–<b>10</b>). Compounds <b>1</b>–<b>10</b> were tested for their inhibitory effects on fatty acid synthase (FAS), α-glucosidase, and α-amylase, as well as their antioxidant activities. Compound <b>2</b> showed strong FAS inhibitory activity (IC<sub>50</sub> 4.10 ± 0.12 μM) close to that of the positive control orlistat (IC<sub>50</sub> 4.46 ± 0.13 μM); compounds <b>7</b> and <b>9</b> revealed moderate α-glucosidase inhibitory activities; compounds <b>1</b>–<b>10</b> showed moderate α-amylase inhibitory activities; and compounds <b>1</b> and <b>10</b> displayed stronger 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) ammonium salt (ABTS) radical scavenging effects (IC<sub>50</sub> 3.41 ± 0.08~5.65 ± 0.19 μM) than the positive control <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-(+)-ascorbic acid (IC<sub>50</sub> 10.06 ± 0.19 μM). This study provides a theoretical foundation for the leaves of <i>L. robustum</i> as a functional tea to prevent diabetes and its complications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:43:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-35293eeac6ed4b9289abf62364de71b4 |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:43:27Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-35293eeac6ed4b9289abf62364de71b42023-12-02T00:42:34ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-01-0128136210.3390/molecules28010362Chemical Constituents from the Leaves of <i>Ligustrum robustum</i> and Their BioactivitiesShi-Hui Lu0Hao-Jiang Zuo1Jing Huang2Wei-Neng Li3Jie-Lian Huang4Xiu-Xia Li5College of Pharmacy, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Science of Public Health, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaKey Laboratory of Drug Targeting, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, ChinaNursing School, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, ChinaThe leaves of <i>Ligustrum robustum</i> have been consumed as Ku-Ding-Cha for clearing heat and removing toxins, and they have been used as a folk medicine for curing hypertension, diabetes, and obesity in China. The phytochemical research on the leaves of <i>L. robustum</i> led to the isolation and identification of two new hexenol glycosides, two new butenol glycosides, and five new sugar esters, named ligurobustosides X (<b>1a</b>), X<sub>1</sub> (<b>1b</b>), Y (<b>2a</b>), and Y<sub>1</sub> (<b>2b</b>) and ligurobustates A (<b>3a</b>), B (<b>3b</b>), C (<b>4b</b>), D (<b>5a</b>), and E (<b>5b</b>), along with seven known compounds (<b>4a</b> and <b>6</b>–<b>10</b>). Compounds <b>1</b>–<b>10</b> were tested for their inhibitory effects on fatty acid synthase (FAS), α-glucosidase, and α-amylase, as well as their antioxidant activities. Compound <b>2</b> showed strong FAS inhibitory activity (IC<sub>50</sub> 4.10 ± 0.12 μM) close to that of the positive control orlistat (IC<sub>50</sub> 4.46 ± 0.13 μM); compounds <b>7</b> and <b>9</b> revealed moderate α-glucosidase inhibitory activities; compounds <b>1</b>–<b>10</b> showed moderate α-amylase inhibitory activities; and compounds <b>1</b> and <b>10</b> displayed stronger 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) ammonium salt (ABTS) radical scavenging effects (IC<sub>50</sub> 3.41 ± 0.08~5.65 ± 0.19 μM) than the positive control <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-(+)-ascorbic acid (IC<sub>50</sub> 10.06 ± 0.19 μM). This study provides a theoretical foundation for the leaves of <i>L. robustum</i> as a functional tea to prevent diabetes and its complications.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/1/362<i>Ligustrum robustum</i>hexenol glycosidebutenol glycosidesugar esterFASα-glucosidase |
| spellingShingle | Shi-Hui Lu Hao-Jiang Zuo Jing Huang Wei-Neng Li Jie-Lian Huang Xiu-Xia Li Chemical Constituents from the Leaves of <i>Ligustrum robustum</i> and Their Bioactivities Molecules <i>Ligustrum robustum</i> hexenol glycoside butenol glycoside sugar ester FAS α-glucosidase |
| title | Chemical Constituents from the Leaves of <i>Ligustrum robustum</i> and Their Bioactivities |
| title_full | Chemical Constituents from the Leaves of <i>Ligustrum robustum</i> and Their Bioactivities |
| title_fullStr | Chemical Constituents from the Leaves of <i>Ligustrum robustum</i> and Their Bioactivities |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chemical Constituents from the Leaves of <i>Ligustrum robustum</i> and Their Bioactivities |
| title_short | Chemical Constituents from the Leaves of <i>Ligustrum robustum</i> and Their Bioactivities |
| title_sort | chemical constituents from the leaves of i ligustrum robustum i and their bioactivities |
| topic | <i>Ligustrum robustum</i> hexenol glycoside butenol glycoside sugar ester FAS α-glucosidase |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/1/362 |
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