Physiological Analysis of Source–Sink Relationship in Rice Genotypes with Contrasting Grain Yields
Rice is a major staple food, and, hence, doubling its productivity is critical to sustain future food security. Improving photosynthesis, source–sink relationships and grain-filling mechanisms are promising traits for improvement in grain yield. To understand the source–sink relationship and grain y...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/1/62 |
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| author | Chandrapal Vishwakarma Gopinathan Kumar Krishna Riti Thapar Kapoor Komal Mathur Monika Dalal Nagendra Kumar Singh Trilochan Mohapatra Viswanathan Chinnusamy |
| author_facet | Chandrapal Vishwakarma Gopinathan Kumar Krishna Riti Thapar Kapoor Komal Mathur Monika Dalal Nagendra Kumar Singh Trilochan Mohapatra Viswanathan Chinnusamy |
| author_sort | Chandrapal Vishwakarma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Rice is a major staple food, and, hence, doubling its productivity is critical to sustain future food security. Improving photosynthesis, source–sink relationships and grain-filling mechanisms are promising traits for improvement in grain yield. To understand the source–sink relationship and grain yield, a set of contrasting rice genotypes differing in yield and biomass were studied for physiological, biochemical and gene-expression differences. The physiological and yield component traits of selected rice genotypes were analyzed in 2016 and 2017 under field conditions. This led to the categorization of genotypes as high yielding (HY) and high biomass, viz., Dular, Gontra Bidhan 3, Way Rarem, Patchai Perumal, Sahbhagi Dhan, Indira Barani Dhan-1, MTU1010, and Maudamani; while, low yielding (LY) and low biomass, viz. Anjali, Ghanteswari, Parijat, Khao Daw Tai, RKVY-104, Ghati Kamma Nangarhar, BAM4510 and BAM5850. The HY genotypes in general had relatively better values of yield component traits, higher photosynthetic rate (Pn) and chlorophyll (Chl) content. The study revealed that leaf area per plant and whole plant photosynthesis are the key traits contributing to high biomass production. We selected two good-performing (Sahbhagi Dhan and Maudamani) and two poor-performing (Ghanteswari and Parijat) rice genotypes for a detailed expression analysis of selected genes involved in photosynthesis, sucrose synthesis, transport, and starch synthesis in the leaf and starch metabolism in grain. Some of the HY genotypes had a relatively high level of expression of key photosynthesis genes, such as <i>RbcS</i>, <i>RCA</i>, <i>FBPase</i>, and <i>ZEP</i> over LY genotypes. This study suggests that traits, such as leaf area, photosynthesis and grain number, contribute to high grain yield in rice. These good-performing genotypes can be used as a donor in a breeding program aimed at high yields in rice. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T14:59:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-355ab6f1c4194e759ee598d75221e4a9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T14:59:08Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-355ab6f1c4194e759ee598d75221e4a92024-01-10T15:06:08ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-12-011316210.3390/plants13010062Physiological Analysis of Source–Sink Relationship in Rice Genotypes with Contrasting Grain YieldsChandrapal Vishwakarma0Gopinathan Kumar Krishna1Riti Thapar Kapoor2Komal Mathur3Monika Dalal4Nagendra Kumar Singh5Trilochan Mohapatra6Viswanathan Chinnusamy7Division of Plant Physiology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi 110012, IndiaDepartment of Plant Physiology, College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur 680656, Kerala, IndiaAmity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaAmity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaIndian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi 110012, IndiaIndian Council of Agricultural Research-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi 110012, IndiaProtection of Plant Varieties and Farmers’ Rights Authority, New Delhi 110012, IndiaDivision of Plant Physiology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi 110012, IndiaRice is a major staple food, and, hence, doubling its productivity is critical to sustain future food security. Improving photosynthesis, source–sink relationships and grain-filling mechanisms are promising traits for improvement in grain yield. To understand the source–sink relationship and grain yield, a set of contrasting rice genotypes differing in yield and biomass were studied for physiological, biochemical and gene-expression differences. The physiological and yield component traits of selected rice genotypes were analyzed in 2016 and 2017 under field conditions. This led to the categorization of genotypes as high yielding (HY) and high biomass, viz., Dular, Gontra Bidhan 3, Way Rarem, Patchai Perumal, Sahbhagi Dhan, Indira Barani Dhan-1, MTU1010, and Maudamani; while, low yielding (LY) and low biomass, viz. Anjali, Ghanteswari, Parijat, Khao Daw Tai, RKVY-104, Ghati Kamma Nangarhar, BAM4510 and BAM5850. The HY genotypes in general had relatively better values of yield component traits, higher photosynthetic rate (Pn) and chlorophyll (Chl) content. The study revealed that leaf area per plant and whole plant photosynthesis are the key traits contributing to high biomass production. We selected two good-performing (Sahbhagi Dhan and Maudamani) and two poor-performing (Ghanteswari and Parijat) rice genotypes for a detailed expression analysis of selected genes involved in photosynthesis, sucrose synthesis, transport, and starch synthesis in the leaf and starch metabolism in grain. Some of the HY genotypes had a relatively high level of expression of key photosynthesis genes, such as <i>RbcS</i>, <i>RCA</i>, <i>FBPase</i>, and <i>ZEP</i> over LY genotypes. This study suggests that traits, such as leaf area, photosynthesis and grain number, contribute to high grain yield in rice. These good-performing genotypes can be used as a donor in a breeding program aimed at high yields in rice.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/1/62rice (<i>Oryza sativa L.</i>)photosynthesissource–sinkgrainleafstarch and sugar |
| spellingShingle | Chandrapal Vishwakarma Gopinathan Kumar Krishna Riti Thapar Kapoor Komal Mathur Monika Dalal Nagendra Kumar Singh Trilochan Mohapatra Viswanathan Chinnusamy Physiological Analysis of Source–Sink Relationship in Rice Genotypes with Contrasting Grain Yields Plants rice (<i>Oryza sativa L.</i>) photosynthesis source–sink grain leaf starch and sugar |
| title | Physiological Analysis of Source–Sink Relationship in Rice Genotypes with Contrasting Grain Yields |
| title_full | Physiological Analysis of Source–Sink Relationship in Rice Genotypes with Contrasting Grain Yields |
| title_fullStr | Physiological Analysis of Source–Sink Relationship in Rice Genotypes with Contrasting Grain Yields |
| title_full_unstemmed | Physiological Analysis of Source–Sink Relationship in Rice Genotypes with Contrasting Grain Yields |
| title_short | Physiological Analysis of Source–Sink Relationship in Rice Genotypes with Contrasting Grain Yields |
| title_sort | physiological analysis of source sink relationship in rice genotypes with contrasting grain yields |
| topic | rice (<i>Oryza sativa L.</i>) photosynthesis source–sink grain leaf starch and sugar |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/13/1/62 |
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